臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

NBR合成橡膠製程廢水特性含有丙烯晴(AN)、界面活性劑及其它添加物成份複雜，製程中以回收AN汽提塔底部廢水(CODt=2515mg/L，AN=221mg/L)最難處理，而類似性質之廢水Wyatt and Knowles(1995) 研究指出係生物難分解之廢水。
本研究利用固定式生物膜反應器及電解還原Fenton法進行探討，研究結果發現此股廢水以過濾水稀釋2倍及3倍以固定式生物膜反應器在水力停留時間10小時實驗結果AN去除率達98%以上，COD平均僅去除66%(65%~67%)，以電解還原Fenton法進行電解氧化實驗先去除COD 50%以上(電解氧化之中間產物為甲酸、乙酸、草酸)，再串接固定式生物膜反應器實驗在水力停留時間10小時下COD平均去除81%(79%~85%)，此與過濾水稀釋2倍及3倍以固定式生物膜反應器實驗COD平均僅去除66%比較，去除效率顯然大幅改善。

The process wastewater of an NBR synthetic rubber manufacturing plant is complicated in that it contains acrylonitrile, surfactants and other components. In process, the effluents from the bottom of the acrylonitrile recovery stripping column (CODt=2515mg/L, AN=221mg/L) are difficult to biodegrade, a development confirmed by a similar study by Wyatt and Knowles (1995).
This study takes advantage of Fixed-Film Bioreactor (FFR) and Electro-Fenton Methods in conducting the investigation. The effluents were diluted 2x and 3x in an FFR at Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) for 10 hours. The results showed that the acrylonitrile removal efficiency was more than 98% but COD removal was only 66% (65%~ 67%). Another experiment involved the application of the Electro-Fenton method to remove COD at above 50% initially (The intermediate compounds including formate, acetate, oxalate during the reaction) and then series to FFR at HRT for 10 hours. The results showed that the COD removal efficiency was 81%(79%~85%). Comparing the results of experiments between FFR and Electro-Fenton with FFR in series, it is clear that the latter has better efficiency, especially when it comes to COD removal.

中文摘要　 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅰ
英文摘要 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅱ
誌謝 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅲ
目錄 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅳ　
表目錄 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅶ　
圖目錄 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅷ
符號說明 ---------------------------------------------------------------- Ⅹ
一、緒論 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.1 研究緣起 ----------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 研究目的 ----------------------------------------------------- 2
二、文獻回顧 ------------------------------------------------------------ 4
2.1 丙烯晴特性及在工業上之運用 --------------------------- 4
2.2 ＮＢＲ合成橡膠之製造流程與方法 --------------------- 4
2.3 ＮＢＲ合成橡膠製程廢水之水質特性 ------------------ 6
2.3.1丙烯晴之分解特性 ------------------------------------------ 6
2.3.2界面活性劑之分解特性 ------------------------------------ 9
2.3.3丙烯晴回收汽提塔底部廢水之特性 --------------------- 10
2.4 生物膜法之原理 --------------------------------------------- 10
2.5 固定式生物膜反應器介紹 --------------------------------- 17
2.5.1固定式生物膜反應器特性 --------------------------------- 17
2.5.2影響固定式生物膜反應器處理效果之因素 ------------ 19
2.5.3目前開發實用之生物擔體特性 --------------------------- 22
2.5.4固定式生物膜法技術之願景 ------------------------------ 32
2.6 Fenton法反應理論背景 ----------------------------------- 32
2.6.1傳統Fenton法 ---------------------------------------------- 32
2.6.2電解還原Fenton法 ---------------------------------------- 34
2.6.3影響電解還原Fenton法處理效果之因素 ------------- 36
2.6.4 Fenton法之特性 -------------------------------------------- 42
三、實驗設備與方法 --------------------------------------------------- 44
3.1 水質分析方法 --------------------------------------------- 44
3.1.1一般水質分析項目 --------------------------------------- 44
3.1.2特殊水質分析項目 --------------------------------------- 45
3.2 批次生物分解性試驗 ------------------------------------ 47
3.2.1實驗器材及設備 ------------------------------------------ 48
3.2.2實驗步驟 --------------------------------------------------- 48
3.3 固定式生物膜反應器啟動 ------------------------------ 48
3.3.1實驗設備 --------------------------------------------------- 48
3.3.2生物膜之培養 --------------------------------------------- 55
3.4 生物質量測定 --------------------------------------------- 56
3.5 傳統Fenton法實驗程序 -------------------------------- 57
3.5.1實驗藥品 ---------------------------------------------------- 57
3.5.2實驗設備及裝置 ------------------------------------------- 57
3.5.3實驗程序 ---------------------------------------------------- 57
3.6 電解還原Fenton法實驗程序 --------------------------- 58
3.6.1實驗藥品 ---------------------------------------------------- 58
3.6.2實驗設備及裝置 ------------------------------------------- 58
3.6.3實驗程序 ---------------------------------------------------- 58
四、實驗結果與討論 ------------------------------------------------- 61
4.1 ＮＢＲ合成橡膠製程廢水水質分析結果 ------------- 61
4.2 批次生物分解性試驗結果評估 ------------------------- 63
4.3 固定式生物膜反應器啟動試驗操作結果探討 ------- 66
4.3.1二種不同擔體處理能力比較 ---------------------------- 66
4.3.2與現有系統比較 ------------------------------------------- 71
4.4 Fenton法實驗結果探討 --------------------------------- 72
4.4.1傳統Fenton法實驗結果探討 -------------------------- 72
4.4.2電解還原Fenton法實驗結果探討 -------------------- 72
4.5 電解還原Fenton法出流水串接固定式生物膜反應器
試驗結果探討 --------------------------------------------- 81
4.6 菌相觀察結果 --------------------------------------------- 82
4.7 處理系統最適化探討 ------------------------------------ 86
五、結論與建議 ------------------------------------------------------- 88
5.1 結論 ---------------------------------------------------------- 88
5.2 建議 ---------------------------------------------------------- 90
參考文獻 ----------------------------------------------------------------91

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