摘要
本研究之目的在探討動植物蛋白源及蛋白量對白棘三列海膽( Tripneustes gratilla)成長的影響。以馬尾藻(Sargassum glaucescens)粉配製成7%實驗飼料(S7)，另以綠藻粉(Chlorella,C)、螺旋藻粉(Spriulina,Sp)及白魚粉(Fish meal,F)為單一蛋白來源，各配製蛋白質含量為25%及35%之飼料(S7，C25、C35，Sp25、Sp35，F25、F35)。另馬尾藻粉、螺旋藻粉和綠藻粉白魚粉混合成1:1:1:1與1:1:1:9比例(MIXA25、MIXA35，S:C:Sp:F = 1:1:1:1，MIXB25、 MIXAB35，S:C:Sp:F = 1:1:1:9)，配製成各含25%及35%CP之四組飼料，並以龍鬚菜(Gracilaria,G15)和石蓴(Ulva,U21)作為對照組，合計十三組試驗飼料。每個實驗組有三各重複組，每組有12隻；實驗水溫控制在28±2℃，鹽度控制在32~35 ‰，實驗共進行九週。以增重率、飼料效率、蛋白質效率、日成長率、存活率及生殖腺指數來評估其成長情況，並進行去生殖腺全海膽體成分與生殖腺成分及胺基酸分析。
結果顯示以G15成長為最佳，其次依序為Sp35、MIXB25及Sp25。飼料轉換率以U21為最佳，G15次之。蛋白質效率以S7最佳，U21為最低。日成長率以G15和Sp35最佳，S7、C35最低。存活率以S7最低，其他皆無顯著差異。生殖腺指數(GSI)則以C25為最高（14.40），其次依序為C35（11.16）、F35（8.10）；最低則為G15（1.00）及U21（0.56）。成長以G15為最佳，其殼體中Ser、Pro、Ala、Cys、Ile及His含量最高；S7成長為最差，Arg與其他組別相比含量最低。生殖腺產量以C25為最高，其必須胺基酸的組成中Val和Leu含量最高。海膽殼體EAAI值以MIXB35為最佳(0.94)；最差則為G15。海膽生殖腺之EAAI值以Sp35、F35及MIXB35為最佳；最差則為U21及S7。

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the growth performance of juvenile sea urchin Tripenustes gratilla fed 11 diets formulated from four major protein ingredients, alone or in combinations together with two macroalgae as control.The four major protein ingredients were Sargassum glaucescens meal(S), Chlorella(C), Spriulina(Sp) and white fish meal(F).There were seven diets containing single protein ingredient, there were S7(Sargassum glaucescens meal 7%CP),C25,C35(Chlorella,25%CP and 35%CP),Sp25,Sp35(Spriulina,25%CP and 35%CP) and F25,F35 (white fish meal,25%CP and 35%CP).Another four diets with mixed protein source ingredient were the MIXA25,MIXA35 (S:C:Sp:F,1:1:1:1/25%CP,35/%CP) and MIXB25,MIXB35 (S:C:Sp:F,1:1:1:9/25%CP,35/%CP) respectively.Feeding experiment of the triplicated juvenile sea urchins (averaged initial weight 4.3g,12 in each replicate) were conducted for 9 weeks on the 11 diets with the kelps of Gracilaria sp.(15%CP) and Ulva sp.(21%CP) as control.
The weight gain of ses urchin received G15(587.0) diet was the highest, intermediate in those fed Sp35(530.5), MIXB25 (469.3), Sp25(414.7) and the lowest in the group fed S7 (114.8).The feed conversion ratio of sea urchin fed U21(10.30) was the highest,and intermediate in those fed G15(8.37), and the lowest in the the group fed Sp35(0.73).The protein efficiency ratio(PER) of sea urchin fed S7 (71.73) was the highest,and the lowest in the the group fed U21(3.93).The specific growth rate(SGR) were the highest fed in Sp35、G15 group and the lowest in fed C35、S7.Gonad index(GSI) was the highest C25(14.40) intermediate in those fed C35(11.16), white F25(7.86), MIXB35 (8.07) and being the lowest fed G15(1.00) and U21(0.56).In the result G15 has best growth rate.The body showed highest of Ser、Pro、Cys、Ile and His. S7 has low growth rate.The body showed lowest of Arg.The gonad index was highest in fed C25.The essential amino acid was highest in Val and Leu.The essential amino acid index (EAAI) of the gonad of urchins admiuistrated diets cantaining Sp35(0.96)、F35(0.96) and MIXB35(0.96) reflected the highest values, while those groups fed diet containing S7(0.88)、U21(0.88) were the lowest group.

目錄
頁
中文摘要------------------------------------------------Ι
英文摘要------------------------------------------------ΙΙΙ
表目錄--------------------------------------------------VI
一、前言----------------------------------------------1
二、文獻整理-----------------------------------------3
2.1海膽之生物特性---------------------------------3
2.2海膽蛋白質的需求-------------------------------4
2.3海膽胺基酸的需求-------------------------------7
2.4飼料之蛋白質來源-------------------------------9
三、材料與方法--------------------------------------13
3.1蛋白質含量和不同蛋白質來源、比例--------------13
四、結果----------------------------------------------21
五、討論----------------------------------------------28
六、結論------------------------------------36
七、參考文獻-----------------------------------------37

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