臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在自動化技術程度提升的現代工業中，電腦整合製造已成為一個主要的趨勢，而整合不只是機器設備的自動化與電腦化，在整合製造系統中資訊傳遞的控制和管理也是一項很重要的課題。要將電腦整合製造中各應用系統間資訊的傳遞及控制之標準程序及特別法則，建立成一工作流程管控模組並自動轉換成可執行的程式碼需要大量的人力及時間，再經過反覆的測試與除錯後，也僅能找出語法及部分程序上的錯誤，有些邏輯上與原始程序及法則上的錯誤還是沒有有效辦法被找出來。本論文提出了一個使用統一化模式語言（UML）與派區網路的模型設計及分析方法，能有效的找出工作流程管控模組中邏輯及程序上錯誤的地方。運用統一化模式語言中所提出的使用案例及活動圖兩種表示法，將電腦整合製造系統中的工作流程依序以此兩種表示法建構出對應之UML模型，再將此UML模型中之活動圖轉換成一般型的派區網路，並進一步以所開發出之快速分析演算法將其轉換成整數規劃的數學模式，再使用LINDO解此整數規劃的問題，即可對此派區網路的模型做結構上的分析，找出模型結構邊界性及結構活性會造成溢流或死鎖現象發生的地方，加以修正，並反映到相對之UML模型上，最後藉由UML之程式轉換功能，完成系統之建立。

In modern industry, computer integer manufacturing (CIM) has become a major trend and is still attracting a lot of attentions on research and development in manufacturing. Manufacturing integration does not only mean automating and integrating manufacturing facilities but also managing and controlling the information flow among all computerized manufacturing application systems. It is a manpower- and time- consuming task to develop a highly maintainable computer software module for information control by repeated testing and debugging. Although there are some syntax errors can be found through the debugging, there are still some logical errors incurred during the design process that can not be found. This thesis used the standard UML diagram to model standard information flow procedures and industry dependent regulations and rules in designing the workflow control module among manufacturing application systems for CIM systems. Each use case in Use case diagram specified by UML represents one specific set of related scenarios in controlling the information flow. They can be modeled by activity diagrams in UML and then transformed into corresponding Petri net models. We then utilized the configurable graphic interface and the mathematical analysis methods of the Petri Net to find the logical error in these models. The Petri net was then analyzed by two fast algorithms with the execution of equivalent Integer Programming problems, and LINDO was used to solve these IP problems. Designer can correct as many logical errors as possible during the design phase
of the system before implementation.

1 Introduction 1
2 Unified Modeling Language(UML) 6
2.1 Use case Diagram 7
2.2 Class Diagram 9
2.3 Sequence Diagram 11
2.4 Collaboration Diagram 12
2.5 State Diagram 13
2.6 Activity Diagram 14
2.7 Component Diagram 18
2.8 Deployment Diagram 18
3 Petri Nets 20
3.1 Basic Definition 20
3.2 Structural Properties 22
3.3 Behavioral Properties 24
4 Computer Integrated Manufacturing and CIM Architectures 27
4.1 Mechanism to Control and Manage Information Flow for CIM 27
4.2 Data Commonalities among CAD/CAM/MRPII/SFC 28
4.3 Functional Design of CAD/CAM/MRPII/SFC 29
5 Research Methodology 30
5.1 System Modeling and Analysis 30
5.2 Translation between UML and Petri Nets 31
5.3 Fast Algorithms for Discovering Structural Errors in Petri Nets 37
5.4 Basic Scenarios Formed for CIM 42
6 Design and Analysis of CIM 45
6.1 UML Models of Basic Use Cases/Scenarios in CIM 45
6.1.1 Use case diagram 46
6.1.2 Class diagrams 47
6.1.3 Activity diagrams 51
6.2 Petri Net Models 54
6.3 Analysis for Discovering Structural Errors in Petri Net Models 57
6.3.1 IP formula for structural boundedness 58
6.3.2 IP formula for Structural Liveness 59
6.3.3 Results and discussions 60
7 Conclusions 73
References 74

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