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研究生:王谷神
論文名稱:探討影響珊瑚骨骼中硼同位素變化之環境因素
指導教授:魏國彥魏國彥引用關係沈君山沈君山引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:地質科學研究所
學門:自然科學學門
學類:地球科學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2003
畢業學年度:91
語文別:中文
論文頁數:67
中文關鍵詞:珊瑚硼同位素綠島氧同位素碳同位素海表溫度降雨
外文關鍵詞:coralboron isotopelutaooxygen isotopecarbon isotopesea surface temperatureprecipitation
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海洋鈣質生物殼體中的硼同位素組成能反映海水pH值,理論上就長時間尺度而言,吾人可利用有孔蟲重建地質時代中的古海水pH值變化歷史。另一方面,海洋pH值與大氣中二氧化碳含量密切相關,因而有助於探討氣候冷暖與溫室氣體二氧化碳濃度間的關係。鑑於珊瑚之易於取得,標本量多,解析度高等特性,且相關環境水文資料豐富,本研究先以現生珊瑚為分析材料,先行建立硼同位素之分析方法,並探討生物鈣質殼體之硼同位素比值是否受到pH以外之其他環境因素控制,藉以評估利用海洋鈣質生物殼體硼同位素組成推估海水pH值的可行性。
Hemming, Guilderson & Fairbanks(1998)對珊瑚骨骼硼同位素比值之研究顯示當珊瑚蟲體之共生藻生產力提高時,珊瑚骨骼中所記錄之碳同位素比值每升高1‰時硼同位素比值升高約1.17‰,此即生產力效應。
本研究選取綠島西部石朗外海生活於水深5公尺之現生微孔珊瑚(Porites spp.)為研究材料。利用高精密度之鋸片對珊瑚生長剖面進行細切取樣,以解析出每月間的改變。分析結果顯示珊瑚硼同位素值無明顯周期性變化,將硼同位素值、碳同位素值、氧同位素值、溫度及雨量等五個變量經由主成份分析(Principle Component Analysis,PCA)顯示硼同位素值變化除與碳同位素值相關之外,還受到其他因素影響。利用Hemming, Guilderson & Fairbanks的研究結果,將生產力效應扣除,發現殘餘硼同位素值分佈於20~24‰區間,且曲線呈周期性變化,與溫度略呈相關。然而根據熱力學計算,綠島地區之海水溫差最大僅造成硼同位素值0.22‰的改變。總結而言,本研究發現除了生物生產力的變化外,季節性海水之pH值與海水硼同位素值變化亦有可能影響珊瑚硼同位素值。因此,本研究之珊瑚可能同時記錄了黑潮海水pH值與硼同位素組成的改變情形。然而欲究明海水pH值與硼同位素組成對珊瑚硼同位素值的影響,必須對黑潮的水文性質及綠島地區的硼同位素地球化學特性作進一步研究。
目錄 1
圖目錄 3
表目錄 5
第一章.緒論 6
1.1 背景 6
1.2 原理 7
1.3 前人研究 11
1.4 研究目的 15
第二章.實驗方法 16
2.1 標本 16
2.1.1 標本前處理 16
2.1.3 標本溶解 22
2.1.4 離子交換層析純化 22
2.1.5 標本裝載 24
2.1.6 標本分析 26
第三章.實驗結果 32
3.1 海表溫度資料 32
3.2 氧碳同位素資料 32
3.3 硼同位素標本取樣原則 33
3.4 硼同位素資料描述 34
第四章.討論 37
4.1 影響珊瑚骨骼中硼同位素比值之可能因素 37
4.2 主成份分析(Principle Component Analysis,PCA) 38
4.3 生機效應對硼同位素之影響 40
4.3.1珊瑚的微環境 40
4.3.2 Hemming之研究 40
4.3.3 扣除生產力變化 43
4.4 溫度對硼同位素比值之影響 46
4.5 黑潮水文特性之可能影響 47
4.5.1 海水pH值變化之影響 47
4.5.2 海水δ11B變化之影響 50
4.6 小結 55
第五章.結論 56
附錄一. 57
綠島地區月累積雨量之資料來源與校正 57
附錄二. 59
降雨對海表pH值之可能影響 59
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