一、中文部分:
王金英(2001)‧台灣唇顎裂新生兒醫療體系處遇方式與唇顎裂母親的選擇與期待‧社會工作學刊,7,21-45。王淑俐(1994)‧台北市縣國小教師對於教師語言表達的自我評估及自我期許調查報告‧台北師院學報,7,1-32。
王舒芸(1996)‧父職角色─養家者?照顧者?‧婦女與兩性研究通訊,41,23-28。內政部統計處(2001)‧台閩地區人口概況。
行政院主計處(1997)‧人力資源統計年報。
余玉眉、田聖芳、蔣欣欣(1992)‧質性研究-田野研究法於護理學之應用,台北:巨流圖書公司。
周治蕙(1981)‧「相對剝削」的理論-分析一位婦女之生育行為‧護理雜誌,29(2),84-87。林淑犁、王若蘭、黃慧真譯(1991)‧人格心理學(三版)‧Phares,E.J.原著‧台北:心理出版社股份有限公司。
胡幼慧(1990)‧性別、社會角色與憂鬱症狀‧婦女與兩性學刊,2,1-18。胡海國編譯(1978)‧成人心理學‧赫洛克原著‧台北:桂冠。
姚巧梅譯(2002)‧中年以後‧曾野綾子原著‧台北:天下雜誌。
高淑貴(1991)‧家庭社會學‧台北:黎明出版社。
許仁榮(1995)‧高中數理資優生「高自我期許」的非理性觀念與輔導策略‧資優教育季刊,57,21-24。黃怡瑾(2001)‧「私」領域中的女性困境:生育、教養與照顧工作之分工‧台南師院學報,34,341-365。
陳麗芳(2000)‧婦女生產期望與生產經驗之相關性探討‧國防大學國防醫學院護理研究所碩士論文。莊永佳(1998)‧台灣女性之母職實踐‧南華管理學院教育社會學研究所碩士論文。游恆山、李素卿譯(1999)‧心理學(三版)‧Zimbardo,P.G. & Gerrig,R.J.原著‧台北:五南圖書。
張明正、李美慧(2001)‧台灣地區人口轉型後之生育趨勢與發展‧人口學刊,23,93-112。張春興等編著(1995)‧張氏心理學辭典(二版)‧台北:東華書局。
張鈺佩(1999)‧漢代女教典籍中女性的家庭角色與地位‧教育研究,7,169-179。
張慈宜(1993)‧已婚婦女的「可能自我」與心理健康‧私立輔仁大學應用心理研究所碩士班。梁淑娟(1994)‧單身女性的生涯認同與生活適應‧諮商與輔導,107,32-35。楊添圍、周仁宇譯(1999)‧人我之間:客體關係理論實務‧Hamilton, N.G.原著‧台北:心理出版社股份有限公司。
楊國樞主編(1995)‧成人發展‧Papalia,D.E.& Olds,S.W.原著‧台北:桂冠。
廖和敏(1997)‧哈囉!中年‧台北:遠流出版公司。
臧君琪(2001)‧探討住院輕度頭部外傷病人的健康需求與主要照顧者對醫護人員的期望‧台灣大學醫學院護理研究所碩士論文。鄭慧玲譯、楊國樞校閱(1989)‧人格心理學(六版)‧普紋原著‧台北:桂冠圖書。
盧孳艷、嚴毋過(2000)‧台北地區中年婦女與醫護人員對更年期態度之比較‧慈濟醫學,12(4),267-275。蘇建文(1995)‧社會與人格發展‧台北:心理出版社股份有限公司。
蘇燦煮(2000)‧不孕婦女的健康照護‧台灣醫學,4(2),192-199。
蕭德蘭譯(1999)‧新中年主張-繁華四十、閃耀五十、和諧六十‧Sheehy,G.原著‧台北:天下文化。
二、英文部分:
Bardwick, J.M., & Douvan, E.(1972).Ambivalence:The socialization of women. In J. Bardwick(Ed.), The Psychology of Women. New York:Harper & Row,52-58.
Bernard, J.(1981).Women’s educational needs. In A.W.Chickering(Eds),The Modern American College, San Francisco:Jossey-Bass,256-278.
Biddle,B.J.(1979).Role theory:expectation, identities, and behaviours. London:Academic Press,Inc.
Bloom-K.& Delmore-Ko.(1999).Possible self as parent in Canadian, Italian, and Japanese young-adults. Canadian journal of Behavior Science,31(3),198-207.
Cooley,C.H.(1969).Sociological theory and social research. New York:A. M. Kelley.
Cross,S., & Markus,H.(1991). Possible selves across the life span. Human Development,34(4),230-255.
Eisenberg,V.H., & Schenker,J.G.(1997). Pregnancy in the older woman:scientific and ethical aspects. International Journal of Gynaecology & Obstetrics,56(2),163-169.
Erikson, E.H.(1980).Identity and the life cycle.reissue. New York:Norton.
Erikson, E,H,(1982).The life cycle completed. New York:W.W. Norton & Company.
Fields, J.P.(1985).Career transitions of women in professions. Wellesley, Women’s Bureau(DOL),Washington,D.C.
Finn, J.D. (1972). Expectation and the Educational Environment. Review of Educational Research,42,387-410.
Grant,C.C.,Duggan,A.K.,Andrews,J.S., & Serwint,J.R.(1997).The Father’s Role During Infancy:Factors That Influence Maternal Expectations. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine,151(7),705-711.
Horowitz,J.A., & Damato,E.(1999). Mothers’ perceptions of postpartum stress and satisfaction. JOGNN,28(6),595-605.
Markus,H., & Nurius,P.(1986). Possible selves. American Psychologist,41(9),954-969.
Mercer,R.(1986).First-time motherhood:Experiences from teens to forties. New York:Springer.
Mercer,R.T.(1981). A Theoretical Framework for Studying Factors that Impact on the Maternal Role. Nursing Research,30(2),73-77.
Mercer,R.T., & Ferketich,S.L.(1994). Predictors of maternal role competence by risk status. Nursing Research,43(1),38-43.
Olson,J.M.,Herman,C.P., & Zanna,M.P.(1986). Relative deprivation and social comparison. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Association.
O’Reilly-Green,C., & Cohen, W.R. (1993) Pregnancy in women aged 40 and older. Obstetrics & Gynecology Clinics of North America,20 (2), 313-331.
Pridham,K.F., Lytton,D.,Chang,A.S., & Rutledge,D.(1991).Early postpartum transition:Progress in maternal identity and role attainment. Research in Nursing and Health,14,21-31.
Pugliese,A.,Vicedomini,D.,& Arsieri,R.(1997). Perinatal outcomes of newborn infants of mothers over 40 years old. A case-control study. Minerva Ginecologica,49(3),81-84.
Robinson,G.E.,Garner,D.M.,Gare,D.J.,& Belinda,C.(1987).Psychological adaptation to pregnancy in childless women more than 35 years of age. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology,156(2),328-333.
Rubin,R.(1975).Maternity nursing stops too soon.AJN,75(10).1680-1682.
Rubin,R.(1984).Maternal identity and maternal experience. New York:Springer Publishing Company.
Scarf, M.(1980).Unfinished business. New York:Doubleday.
Sieving,R.E.,McNeely,C.S., & Blum,R.W.(2000).Maternal Expectations,Mother-Child Connectedness, and Adolescent Sexual Debut. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine,154(8),809-816.
Skinner,B.F.(1957).Science and human behavior. New York:Macmillan.
Stein,Z.,& Susser,M.(2000).The risks of having children in later life: Social advantage may make up for biological disadvantage. British Medical Journal 320,1681-1682.
Tarkka,M.-T., Paunonen,M., & Laippala,P.(2000). First-time mothers and child care when the child is 8 months old. Journal of Advanced Nursing,31(1),20-26.
Yaung,C.L.(1979).Development strategy deprivation and fertility behavior in Taiwan.台北:偉明圖書公司。