臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文是以一個數位信號處理器(DSP)為基礎的電動車動力系統，系統包括數位控制版、無刷直流馬達、充電器及電池組部分，在直流無刷馬達控制策略上，本文成功引入一個自我調適型PID控制器之控制理論。其目的為了使電動車系統能在參數變化和外在干擾時具備強健控制性能，經由實驗結果可以發現，跟一般高等適應性控制器，有異曲同工之妙，而且可以大大減化整個系統控制架構並且可減少系統開發時間等等。在充電器方面，根據參考文獻探討，以兩段式定電流定電壓充電法使用的最為廣泛且穩定，因此本文以此充電法則作為充電器之控制核心。另設計了過電流及低壓保護電路來增加驅動器之安全性，這些功能將使得電動車動力系統更為完善。

This thesis provides the design, analysis and investigation on the DSP-Based controller for the electric vehicles. This system consists of a digital control board, brushless DC motor, battery charger and the battery stack. Instead of using traditional PI control, a new Self-tuning PID control algorithm is proposed. The developed controller has rapid closed-loop response for load disturbance. The algorithm is easy to be implemented for relegation. This will improve the performance of the electric vehicle.
According to some conferred reference, two-step charging method with C-V and C-C is widely used. The thesis is based on the method and we use DSP-2407 to be the main controller. In order to avoid low-voltage and over-current, it’s necessary to design the protective circuit for enhancing the reliability of the charging system. The function let the power system of electric vehicle more complete.

誌謝 i
中文摘要 ii
英文摘要 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 xiii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機和目的 1
1.2本文架構 2
1.3本文內容概述 4
第二章 永磁式直流無刷馬達基本原 6
2.1永磁式直流無刷馬達運轉原理 8
2.2永磁式直流無刷馬達感測原理 12
2.3驅動方式 13
2.3.1 180度導通方式 13
2.3.2 120度導通方式 14
2.3.3 正弦波方式 15
2.4永磁式直流無刷馬達的控制原理 17
2.5永磁式直流無刷馬達之數學模式 21
第三章 電動車用電池充電技術 24
3.1充電法則 24
3.2電池充電器之選定 29
3.2.1 順向式轉換器之變壓器設計 33
3.2.2 順向式轉換器之功率晶體耐壓及耐流的考量 36
3.2.3 緩振電路設計 37
3.2.4 閘極驅動電路設計 39
3.2.5 充電器之控制分析 40
3.2.6 控制系統設計 50
第四章 電動車之系統電源及保護設計 61
4.1電源轉換器的種類 62
4.1.1 返馳式轉換器 62
4.1.2 順向式轉換器 64
4.1.3 推挽式轉換器 65
4.1.4 半橋式轉換器 66
4.1.5 全橋式轉換器 68
4.1.6 振鈴扼流轉換器 68
4.2系統電源之選定 69
4.3 振鈴扼流轉換器之變壓器設計 72
4.4 保謢電路設計 73
第五章 電動車之控制架構 76
5.1 控制硬體 77
5.1.1 數位控制板 77
5.1.2 功率級電路設計 83
5.1.3 驅動級電路設計 85
5.1.4 回授電路設計 88
5.1.5 類比濾波器設計 91
5.2 控制軟體 94
5.2.1 典型PI控制器 97
5.2.2 自我調適型PI控制器 98
5.2.3 自我調適型PID控制器 99
5.3 數位濾波器設計 103
第六章 實驗結果與討論 110
6.1 模擬結果 110
6.2 實驗分析 115
6.3 實驗數據 134
6.4 電磁干擾之傳導性干擾實測 140
第七章 結論與未來展望 143
參考文獻 145

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