臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

目的：研究煉焦工人暴露於空氣中多環芳香烴化合物（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs）及其代謝物1-hydroxypyrene（1-OHP）之工作前後連續變化。

方法：從西元2003年10月至2004年3月，對高雄地區某鋼鐵公司的煉焦工人進行研究，研究對象包括爐頂工人18位和爐側工人41位。根據其工作週期採集不同時間點的尿液（第一天上班前、第一天下班後、第三天下班後、第六天上班前、第六天下班後、第七天上午、第八天上午以及第九天（下一次工作週期）上班前）以及個人空氣採樣（第一天與第六天）。使用GC/MS和HPLC-FLD分別分析空氣樣本PAHs和尿液1-OHP值。

結果：爐頂工人的PAHs總量暴露（mean ± SE＝8357.44 ± 4261.46 ng/m3）顯著高於爐側工人（1196.81 ± 265.56 ng/m3）（p < 0.001），在第一天上班前，爐頂工人尿液中1-OHP濃度顯著地高於爐側工人（mean ± SE＝236.23 ± 70.00 v.s. 35.17 ± 9.93μg / g creatinine，p < 0.001），爐頂工人尿液1-OHP濃度，在第一天上班後即開始急遽升高，在第六天上班前達到最高點（443.67 ± 125.47 μg / g creatinine），並於第八天上午（201.53 ± 49.41μg / g creatinine）開始大幅度下降，而在爐側工人方面，同樣於第一天上班後即開始急遽上升，在第三天（70.54 ± 13.09μg / g creatinine）與第六天上班前（61.93 ± 10.52μg / g creatinine）表現一平原狀圖形，於第六天下班後（79.90 ± 15.10μg / g creatinine）達到一高峰後隨即快速下降。

結論：爐頂工人暴露於空氣 PAHs 濃度顯著較爐側工人高，尿液中 1-OHP 濃度爐頂工人也顯著地較爐側工人高，隨著工作週期變化爐頂與爐側工人尿液中 1-OHP 變化之情形也不盡相同。

Objective:
To study the temporal change of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in coke–oven workers after exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).

Method:
From October, 2003 to March, 2004, 18 top-side oven workers and 41 side-oven workers from one coke oven plant of a large steel company were studied. Personal ambient PAHs exposures were measured in the 1st and 6th working days, whereas individual spot urine specimens were collected in the first day before work and after work, the third day after work, and the sixth day before and after work as well as the seventh and eighth day’s morning, and the first day before work in the following working shift. GC/MS and HPLC-FLD were used to measure ambient PAHs and urinary 1-OHP levels.

Results:
Top-side oven workers were exposed to significantly higher ambient PAHs concentrations than sideoven workers (mean ± SE＝8357.44 ± 4261.46 ng/m3 v.s. 1196.81 ± 265.56 ng/m3, p < 0.001). 1-OHP concentrations in the first day before work were significant higher in top-side oven workers than in sideoven workers (mean ± SE＝236.23 ± 70.00 v.s. 35.17 ± 9.93μg / g creatinine, p < 0.001). Among the top-side oven workers, the trend of 1-OHP increased sharply from the first day before work and became a plateau in the sixth day before (443.67 ± 125.47 μg / g creatinine)and after work (424.62 ± 91.43μg / g creatinine). And it declined dramatically in the 8th day morning(201.53 ± 49.41μg / g creatinine). In contrast, in sideoven workers, 1-OHP concentrations increased slowly and reached to the top in the third day after work(70.54 ± 13.09μg / g creatinine) and the sixth day before work (61.93 ± 10.52μg / g creatinine).

Conclusion:
Top-side oven workers were exposed to significantly higher ambient PAHs concentrations than sideoven workers. The excretion of 1-OHP was also significantly higher in top-side oven workers than sideoven workers. In addition, the patterns of the temporal change of 1-OHP concentrations in top-side oven workers and sideoven workers were different.

摘要……………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
Abstract………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
第一章 前言……………………………………………………………1
1-1 研究背景………………………………………………………1
1-2 研究目的………………………………………………………2
第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………3
2-1多環芳香烴化合物之形成與其危害…………………………3
2-2 多環芳香烴化合物之代謝過程與健康危害…………………4
2-3 尿液中PAHs代謝物之量測及可行性………………………6
第三章 實施方法及進行步驟…………………………………………10
3-1 研究對象之選取……………………………………………10
3-2 採樣策略與方法……………………………………………11
3-2-1 空氣樣本之採集………………………………………11
3-2-2 尿液樣本之採集………………………………………12
3-2-3 相關問卷設計…………………………………………13
3-2-4 空氣樣本之PAHs分析方法與步驟……………………14
3-2-5 尿液樣本1-OHP分析方法與步驟……………………20
3-2-6 尿液中creatinine之分析………………………………25
3-2-7 資料處理與統計…………………………………………25
第四章 結果………………………………………………………26
4-1 研究族群概述………………………………………………26
4-2 空氣採樣分析結果…………………………………………29
4-3 尿液中1-OHP分析結果……………………………………33
第五章 討論…………………………………………………………39
第六章 參考文獻………………………………………………………44
附錄
pyrene - 1-OHP 劑量濃度效應圖………………………………52
PAHs標準品分析圖譜（GC/MS）……………………………53
空氣樣本中PAHs分析圖譜（GC/MS）……………………………54
1-OHP分析圖譜（HPLC-FLD）………………………………55
員工健康問卷……………………………………………………56
員工每日問卷……………………………………………………61

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