目前有關隧道監測作業模式仍以採用傳統測量方法居多，但因傳統測量方法基於取樣斷面及點位數量均有限的情況下，加上需依賴測量人員經驗判斷等等，以致其所獲成果之代表性不足，基此本研究採用GPS結合3D雷射掃描的技術對於隧道進行全面且連續性的掃描作業，以精確取得隧道內部之精密點雲坐標，並經計算分析後可得所求斷面之變形量，繼以進行變形量測分析，以便於提供後續維修精準的數據。此法在國內隧道變形量測上尚屬首例，根據本研究成果以中寮隧道為例顯示隧道變形已可偵測出具有一定趨勢，且採用本研究提出之方法隧道變形量只要大於5公厘即可偵測出等等具體成效，將能提昇國內隧道監測作業之品質，並作為日後隧道變形監測作業之參考依據。

Now refer to the tunnel monitoring operation system usually is traditional measure method in majority, but traditional measure methods have the limit of sampling cross-section and amount of points, and need to depend on the experience of survey staffs to judge, and so on. The data is not enough for representative, by the reason, our research use GPS combining the 3D laser scanning technology for tunnels to proceed entire and continuous scanning. To acquire the precision point clouds coordinates of the internal tunnels by calculating and analysis can get the deformed data of cross-section in order to proceed with the deformed data analysis, to provide the corrective data for maintenance. This measurement for domestic tunnels deformed measurement is the first example. According to the research result, for example, the Zhong-Liao tunnel show the deformed tunnel may detect tendency and the research method just need more than 5 centimeter to detect the specific effect. Expect to promote the quality of domestic tunnels monitoring operation and be a good consultation in the future.

謝誌.......................................................Ⅰ
中文摘要...................................................Ⅱ
英文摘要...................................................Ⅲ
目錄.......................................................Ⅳ
圖目錄.....................................................Ⅶ
表目錄.................................................... XI
第一章 緒論................................................1
1-1前言.....................................................1
1-2研究動機與目的...........................................2
1-3論文架構 ................................................3
第二章 文獻回顧.............................................5
第三章 理論基礎及研究流程...................................9
3-1 GPS基本原理.............................................9
3-1-1載波相位觀測量........................................10
3-1-2 GPS高程測量..........................................11
3-2三維雷射掃描技術........................................14
3-2-1技術特色..............................................15
3-2-2理論基礎..............................................16
3-2-3三維掃描儀坐標轉換及點雲結合 .........................20
3-3研究流程................................................22
第四章 實驗方法與步驟......................................25
4-1實驗計畫說明............................................25
4-2監測實驗區之踏勘及選定..................................25
4-3佈設GPS監控點、隧道監測點及沉陷監測點...................27
4-4 GPS監控點位實施GPS精密定位觀測.........................30
4-5 GPS監控點位及隧道內部進行三維雷射掃描..................33
4-6資料整理計算及變形模式分析..............................38
第五章 資料處理與數據分析..................................39
5-1利用傳統測量方法所得資料處理分析........................39
5-1-1隧道監測點位成果分析..................................39
5-1-2沉陷監測點位成果分析..................................51
5-2利用三維雷射掃描方法所得資料處理分析....................54
5-2-1 GPS衛星定位測量資料處理..............................54
5-2-2三維雷射掃描成果分析..................................57
5-2-3三維雷射掃描建模成果..................................65
5-2-4隧道三維雷射掃描變形分析..............................74
第六章 結論與建議..........................................78
參考文獻...................................................80
附錄一、五階段隧道傳統觀測監測點位成果資料.................83
附錄二、五階段隧道傳統觀測沉陷監測點位成果資料.............91

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