本研究係以硫酸鎘及亞硫酸硒鈉為前驅鹽，採用濕式沈澱法在水溶液相合成奈米級硒化鎘微粉。實驗中，分別以檸檬酸二銨、檸檬酸鈉與丙硫醇酸作錯合劑，針對反應氣氛、溫度、反應時間、前驅鹽濃度、錯合劑濃度、pH值及前驅鹽比例等製備變因，對所得微粉晶態、組成、形狀、粒徑及其分佈、UV吸收以及放光性質之影響來加以探討。
　　實驗結果顯示，在氮氣氣氛下，適量之檸檬酸二銨、檸檬酸鈉或丙硫醇酸可錯合鎘離子，避免氫氧化鎘之雜相存在，可得面心立方型硒化鎘微粉產物。當降低前驅鹽濃度、反應溫度、檸檬酸二銨濃度、檸檬酸鈉、丙硫醇酸濃度或提高pH值均可使微粉粒徑降低。但降低溫度時，平衡轉化率亦隨之降低。適當控制反應條件，可得能隙約在1.8-2.9 eV之硒化鎘微粒，其微粉理論粒徑在7.4-3.3 nm之間。實驗結果並顯示，丙硫醇酸之添加可得單佈性良好之硒化鎘微粉。當CdSe微粉粒徑減小時，其吸光及放光波長均呈現藍位移之現象，亦即此半導體微粉能隙變大。
　　藉由本研究可知，本法可在溫和及環保之條件，藉由控制反應條件可製備出不同粒徑及能隙CdSe之奈米微粉。

　　In this study, nano-sized CdSe particles were synthesized via chemical wetness route. Experimentally, The CdSe nanoparticles were obtained by precipitation of CdSO4 and Na2SeSO3 in alkaline aqueous solution. Firstly, in avoiding the formation of Cd(OH)2, di-ammonium hydrogen citrate (ACT), sodium citrate (CT-Na) and 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were added as the chelating agents, respectively. The effects of preparation conditions such as atmosphere, reaction temperature and time, concentrations of precursors and chelating agents, pH value and [Cd2+]/[Se2-] ratio on the characteristics of prepared particles including the crystalline structure, shape, particle size and size distribution were investigated. Furthermore, the optical and photoluminescent properties of resulting particles were also studied.
　　The experimental results show that the fcc-structured CdSe nanoparticles can be obtained under N2 atmosphere. The addition of ACT, CT-Na and MPA play a key role on the formation of high-purity products without the presence of Cd(OH)2. Furthermore, it is found that the particle size decreases with decreasing the concentrations of precursors, ACT, CT-Na or MPA. The same tendencies were also found for reaction temperature and time, whereas the effect of pH value is the reverse. However, the equilibrium conversion is relatively low at lower reaction temperature. The prepared particles are sizing from 7.4 to 3.3 nm corresponded as band gaps from 1.8 to 2.9 eV, depending upon the preparation condition. Also, the results reveal that the addition of MPA can obtain highly monodisperse nanoparticles. As the particle size is reduced, the UV/VIS absorption and photoluminescence spectra are toward blue shift. As well, the bandgaps of particles become larger. 　　　From this study, the relationship between preparation condition and characteristics of resulting particles has been comprehended. It is worth to note, the CdSe nanoparticles can be synthesized in mild aqueous conditions. In addition, the band gap of the resulting nanoparticles modulated by appropriately varying the reaction condition. More importantly, it reveals that the synthesis of nanosized high-purity CdSe particles is feasible and promising via chemical wetness route under friendly environmental and mild conditions.

總目錄
誌謝
中文摘要 ………………………………………………………………… I
英文摘要 ………………………………………………………………… II
總目錄 …………………………………………………………………… IV
表目錄 …………………………………………………………………… VI
圖目錄 …………………………………………………………………… VII
符號說明 ………………………………………………………………… XI

第一章 緒論 ..……………………………………………….…………… 1
1.1 半導體簡介 ………………………………………….…………… 1
1.1.1 能帶結構 …………………………………………………… 1
1.1.2 半導體的種類 ……………………………………………… 3
1.2 硒化鎘半導體晶體 …………………..…………………………… 4
1.3 硒化鎘微粉之應用 ………..……………………………………… 4
1.4 硒化鎘微粉之製備方法 ……………..…………………………… 6
1.5 本研究之目的及內容 ………………..…………………………… 10
第二章 原理 ..…………………………………………………………… 22
2.1 硒化鎘生成反應 …………………..……………………………... 22
2.2 微粒生成 …………………………..……………………………... 23
2.3 光激發光光譜 …………………..………………………………... 27
2.4 硒化鎘之能隙與粒徑計算 ………..……………………………... 28
2.5 發光量子效率 ………..…………………………………………... 30
第三章 實驗部分 ……………………………………………………….. 35
3.1 藥品 ………..…………………………………….……………….. 35
3.2 分析儀器 ……..………………………………….……………….. 36
3.3 實驗方法與步驟 ..……………………………….……………….. 37
3.4 分析方法 ..……………………………………….……………….. 39
第四章 結果與討論 ………………………………………………….. 46
4.1 預備實驗 ……………………………..………………………….. 46
4.1.1 預備實驗 ………………………………………………….. 46
4.1.2 錯合劑之選定 …………………………………………….. 48
4.2 檸檬酸二銨為錯合劑 ………………..………………………….. 49
4.2.1 溫度效應 ………………………………………………….. 49
4.2.2 前驅鹽濃度效應 ………………………………………….. 53
4.2.3 檸檬酸二銨添加比例 …………………………………….. 55
4.2.4 反應起始pH值 …….…………………………………….. 60
4.2.5 [Cd2+]/[Se2-]比例 ………………………………………….. 61
4.3 丙硫醇酸為錯合劑 ……………………………………...………. 63
4.3.1 反應起始pH值 ………………………….……………….. 63
4.3.2 丙硫醇酸濃度效應 ……………………………………….. 65
4.3.3 攪拌速率之影響 ………………………………………….. 66
4.4 檸檬酸二銨與丙硫醇酸之比較 ………………...………………. 66
第五章 結論及建議 …..…………………………………………….…. 121
參考文獻 ………………..…………………………………………….…. 123
自述

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