臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

手機定位是在發展行動通訊系統中的重要特色之一。根據手機的地理位置，行動通訊系統不僅可以提供緊急救援服務、商業性質之相關服務，更能增進行動通訊系統效能。本論文在於探討以實現低系統複雜度的基礎上提高定位精度，達成手機定位。為了實現低系統複雜度之目標，我們計劃利用手機可量測的系統資訊（如各通道的信號強度、通道號碼和時間提前參數值等）估測手機之地理位置。我們的方法是利用圖形比對的方式來估測手機位置，首先利用手機可量測的系統資訊來做區域劃分，最後利用正服務基地台編號、時間提前參數、各通道編號、強度及區域方向符號結合而成區域特徵值來估測手機位置，其中手機所能接收到的功率強度總和，配合區域方向符號可以有效降低屏蔽效應對定位精確度的影響。 本論文將探討區域特徵定位法應用在GSM系統之效能評估以及與區域特徵定位法相類似的最近鄰居定位法來做比較，在無線通訊環境中，遮蔽衰落、參與執行定位之基地台數目，對定位精確度之影響也將討論。最後，在郊區及都會區進行數值模擬與實地量測，實測結果顯示：我們的定位演算法的平均定位誤差在228公尺。

Handset positioning is one of the important features in wireless personal communication systems. According to handset location, the systems not only support to the emergency assistance services and business services but also can enable network optimality. The objective of this thesis discusses how to increase positioning accuracy that based on the low positioning system complexity. To realize this objective, this research focus on the measurements available for the implementation of handset positioning in a wireless cellular network based on the cellular system standards are Cell Identity (CI), Timing Advance (TA), and strength of signals received by the handset. The method is that estimated handset position by pattern matching. First, we divided into positional area by the measurable information of cellular system. Finally, to estimate handset position using local characteristic value which including Cell Identity (CI), Timing Advance (TA), and Signal Strength. This thesis investigates the performance of Local Area Significance (LAS) technology in the Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) system and compare with Nearest Neighbor Signal Strength (NNSS) technology. The effect of shadowed mobile radio environments, and number of BSs on the accuracy of the LAS technology is also studied. Finally, the numerical simulation and real measurement in a GSM network, based on different algorithms, are performed with various environments to show that the estimated positioning error below 228 meter in average distance error in the rural and urban scenarios.

中文提要
英文提要
誌謝
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
一、序論
1-1前言
1-2手機定位的動機與目的
1-2-1 FCC對手機定位的規範
1-2-2增進行動通訊系統效能
1-2-3商業性質的相關服務
1-3手機定位技術的評估標準
1-4論文之架構
二、GSM手機定位技術
2-1前言
2-2手機定位技術之分類
2-3依照位置估測端來分類的定位技術
2-3-1以網路為基礎之定位技術
2-3-2以手機為基礎之定位技術
2-4依照信號量測來分類的定位技術
2-4-1全球定位系統
2-4-2到達角度
2-4-3到達時間
2-4-4到達時間差
2-4-5細胞識別方法
2-4-6時間前置值方法
2-4-7信號強度
2-4-8混合式定位技術
2-5依照量測處理來分類的定位技術
2-5-1三角定位
2-5-2圖訊比對
2-6各種定位技術的可行性評估
三、區域特徵法之定位技術
3-1前言
3-2無線電信號之傳播特質
3-2-1路徑衰減的現象及特性
3-2-2多重路徑的現象及特性
3-2-3遮蔽效應的現象及特性
3-3區域特徵法之定位技術
3-3-1平均功率強度
3-3-2區域方向值
3-3-3圖訊比對
3-3-4分群演算法
3-3-5時間提前參數對鄰近基地台功率強度之修正
3-3-6因遮蔽效應導致同地點接收頻道編號不一致的解決方法
3-4區域特徵之定位演算法
3-4-1離線階段—區域劃分
3-4-2即時作業—位置估測
四、區域特徵定位技術之效能評估
4-1前言
4-2最近鄰居法之定位技術
4-3最近鄰居法定位演算法
4-3-1離線階段—區域劃分
4-3-2即時作業—位置估測
4-4數值模擬實驗與結果
4-4-1區域選擇
4-4-2模擬資料產生
4-4-3模擬環境與參數 444模擬執行
4-4-5模擬結果之效能評估
4-5實地量測實驗與結果
45-1區域選擇與實測路線
4-5-2量測系統之建置
4-5-3量測方法
4-5-4待測區域相關資料庫之建立
4-5-5實測執行
4-5-6手機定位實測與效能評估
五、結論
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