臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

漁港是漁業發展最重要的基礎建設，維持港域靜穩與防止漂沙淤塞航道為保持漁港正常運作的重要課題。現今台灣地區之漁港雖多如停車場，但港域週遭靜穩度不足，急需規劃改善的情形，仍屢見不鮮。拜近代科技發達所賜，數值方法的研究獲得大幅進展，其模擬結果的準確性極高，相較於需要耗費大量時間金錢的水工模型試驗，電腦數值模擬提供了一個更有效率的選擇。
本研究採用日本琉球大學筒井茂明教授所開發的CATWAVES系統，進行港域週遭波高分佈的數值計算，以評估港域的靜穩度目標。CATWAVES系統以橢圓型緩坡方程式處理波浪變形機制，配合有限元素法，可有效處理不規則地形與邊界。文中詳述其運算流程，並對半無限長防波堤與橢圓形潛礁兩個古典案例，進行驗證，均獲得良好的適用性。
在實例方面，針對八斗子漁港與彌陀漁港兩個案例，以CATWAVES模式進行數值運算，驗證往昔改善設施的效益，並由各設計方案的數值模擬結果，研判及評選適當的漁港平面佈置，以進一步改善漁港的靜穩度。CATWAVES模式突破許多地形與港池幾何形狀限制，對於台灣漁港的波高計算有良好的適用性。

Harbor construction is the most important basic development in fishery. To sustain harbor tranquility and prevent entrance from siltation are essential for maintaining normal operations of a harbor. Although the number of fishing harbors in Taiwan is said to be as many as the car parks on the land, there are numerous reports of poor tranquility that required urgent public attention. Supported by recent development in science and technology, research advances in numerical modeling have produced accurate results from a range of numerical schemes. Comparing to the conventional hydraulic models that require long executive time and large budget, numerical modeling on computer is a most effective alternative.

In this study, the wave analysis system－CATWAVES developed by Professor Shigeaki Tsutsui at University of the Ryukyu in Okinawa, Japan is adopted to simulate the wave motions around a fishing harbor, in order to evaluate the tranquility of a harbor basin. CATWAVES calculates the transformation of surface gravity waves in the ocean using a mild-sloped equation of elliptic type. A finite-element scheme is used effectively to handle arbitrary bottom bathymetry and irregular boundary. This report first provides an outlines of the CATWAVES system, followed by verification of wave height distribution for two classic cases, being waves passing a semi-infinite breakwater in constant depth and waves propagating over a submerged circular shoal on a sloping beach, respectively.

The CATWAVES system is then applied to assess the harbor tranquility at two prototype fishing harbors in Taiwan. The first case is to verify the results of several improvement options tested in hydraulic models elsewhere to improve the tranquility at Badoutz, a class one fishing harbor in northeastern Taiwan. The second case is to provide a better alternative plan of breakwater extension at Mito, a class three harbor in the southwestern part of Taiwan, where excessive wave heights have been experienced by local fishermen. It is believed that Tsutsui’s CATWAVES system has made a great breakthrough in handling irregular bottom bathymetry and arbitrary outline of harbor plan. From the two prototype cases examined in this study, this system is found to be highly adaptive for calculating wave motions around any fishing harbor in Taiwan.

中文摘要…………………………………………….…………………………. i
英文摘要………………………………………………………………………. ii
誌謝…………………………………………………………………………….iii
目錄…………………………………………………………………………… iv
圖表目錄……………………………………………………………………… vi
第一章 序論
1.1 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………………...1
1.2 文獻回顧簡述…………………………………………………………….. 2
1.3本文架構………………………………………………………….……….. 4
第二章 台灣地區漁港防波堤之平面佈置
2.1 台灣地區漁港的建設沿革……………………………………………….. 5
2.2 漁港防波堤平面佈置…………………………………………………….. 9
2.2.1 防波堤功能 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------9
2.2.2 防波堤斷面分類---------------------------------------------------------------------10
2.2.3 防波堤平面佈置分類---------------------------------------------------------------11
第三章 波浪場數值模式之建立與應用
3.1 緩坡方程式的理論基礎………………………………………………… 15
3.1.1 緩坡方程式的推導----------------------------------------------------------------- 15
3.1.2 邊界條件------------------------------------------------------------------------------19
3.2 國內學者的緩坡方程式簡述…………………………………………… 21
3.3 筒井茂明教授的CATWAVES模式…………………………….……… 23
3.3.1 CATWAVES系統概述-------------------------------------------------------------- 23
3.3.2 CATWAVES的背景與沿革-------------------------------------------------------- 24
3.3.3 CATWAVES的可適用地形模式---------------------------------------------------25
3.3.4 控制方程式與邊界條件------------------------------------------------------------ 27
3.3.5 網格製作基本原則------------------------------------------------------------------ 31
3.3.6 波高計算流程------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33


第四章 古典案例分析
4.1半無限長防波堤…………………………………………………………. 36
4.2橢圓形潛礁………………………………………………………………. 38
第五章 漁港週遭波浪之數值計算
5.1 漁港港內靜穩度之考量……………………………………………….... 40
5.2 八斗子漁港港內波高計算實例.………………………………………... 41
5.2.1 八斗子漁港簡介-------------------------------------------------------------------- 41
5.2.2 基本資料----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 41
5.2.3 港口平面佈置方案----------------------------------------------------------------- 43
5.2.4 數值模擬過程與結果研判-------------------------------------------------------- 44
5.3 彌陀漁港港內與週遭波高計算………………………….……………... 58
5.3.1 彌陀漁港簡介----------------------------------------------------------------------- 58
5.3.2 基本資料----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 59
5.3.3 港口平面佈置方案----------------------------------------------------------------- 60
5.3.4 數值模擬過程與結果研判-------------------------------------------------------- 61
第六章 結論與建議
6.1 結論……………………………………………………………………… 66
6.2 建議……………………………………………………………………… 67
參考文獻……………………………………………….…………………….. 68
附錄1－半無限長防波堤之CATWAVES系統原始輸入檔
附錄2－橢圓潛礁之CATWAVES系統原始輸入檔
附錄3－八斗子漁港之CATWAVES系統原始輸入檔
附錄4－彌陀漁港之CATWAVES系統原始輸入檔

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