臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
本研究選取”A”生長斷層組上、下盤14口井之電測資料，利用電測相分析晚上新世至早更新世時期該區之沈積環境演化及可能的油氣儲集機制，並探討在“A”生長斷層活動下對沈積環境的影響。
研究區域的地層由下而上依次為六重溪層、崁下寮層和二重溪層，本研究認為沈積環境主要受到“A”生長斷層組活動、全球海水面變化及台灣區弧陸碰撞等三個因素所主導。沈積環境的演變大致可分三個時期來說明：
(一)六重溪層(1.95~1.2 Ma)：六重溪層沈積初期，“A”生長斷層組活動達到高峰，而斷層活動所引起的地震容易導致沈積物變得鬆散，再經由河流的沖刷、搬運而沈積在斷層崖下方及研究區南側的新營地區，並向外展積形成Prograding delta 及Delta distributary channel的沈積環境。由於區域中以“A”生長斷層組為界，北淺南深，使得研究區南側有較厚的沈積(即“A”斷層下盤)；最後海水面大幅下降，使得研究區北側的八掌溪一帶的大部分地區暴露於地表而容易遭受侵蝕作用的影響造成地層缺失。
(二)崁下寮層(1.2~0.9 Ma)：由於全球海水面上升及盆地基盤加速沈降等因素，使得沈積環境迅速變深，厚重的泥岩沈積在重力負荷及“A”生長斷層組活動所引發的地震影響下，在斷層崖下形成Muddy turbidite accumulation的沈積環境。而發育自中新世外陸棚的海底峽谷隨海水面上升而向北遷移至研究區域，最後泥質沈積物逐漸填滿古海底峽谷的低地中。
(三)二重溪層(0.9~0.55 Ma)：在全球海水面下降及蓬萊造山運動抬升的過程中，沈積環境逐漸變淺，本地區轉變為Subaqueous delta plain的沈積環境；”A”生長斷層以南的沈積環境以展積三角洲(prograding delta)、三角洲分流河道(delta distributary channel)等三角洲沈積體系為主，”A”生長斷層以北則多為陸相河流(Fluvial)、三角洲河道(deltaic channel)等河道沈積環境為主。
本研究根據井測及部分震測資料的研究，認為在二重溪層底部所發現的油氣可能是生成於崁下寮時期古海底峽谷中的泥質沈積物，而後油氣向上移棲至二重溪層底部三角洲前緣(delta front)砂體，最後油氣被砂岩上方一層厚約25公尺的頁岩所sealing封閉，油氣因而被保留不致散逸。類似二重溪層底部的油氣生成、儲集模式可能也同時存在於台灣西南部地區各時期發育的海底峽谷內所沈積的三角洲儲集砂體之中。若經由進一步分析震測及井測資料，在新營以外的地區極可能發現具經濟價值之油氣田。

目錄
摘要………………………………………………………………………I
誌謝……………………………………………………………………III
目錄 ……………………………………………………………………IV
表目……………………………………………………………………VI
圖目 …………………………………………………………………VII
第一章 導論……………………………………………………………1
第二章 研究方法………………………………………………………8
第三章 六重溪層沈積環境
3-1井測解釋…………………………………………………17
3-2古沈積環境模式…………………………………………30
第四章 崁下寮層沈積環境
4-1井測解釋…………………………………………………37
4-2古沈積環境模式…………………………………………45
第五章 二重溪層沈積環境
5-1井測解釋…………………………………………………49
5-2古沈積環境模式…………………………………………59
5-3“A”生長斷層組南北兩側之油氣封閉…………………64
第六章 結論……………………………………………………………67
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………70































表目
Table：1 研究區內A斷層以南各井之地層上下界深度，括弧內數字表示地層厚度 ……………………………………………………11
Table：2 研究區內“A”斷層以北探勘井之各地層井下深度，括弧內表示地層厚度 …………………………………………………12
Table 3 利用電測與岩樣分析判斷古沈積環境 ………………………14












圖目
Fig.1-1 研究區井位及相關地理資訊…………………………………2
Fig.1-2 相關地層的地質年代及對應的全球海水面變化……………5
Fig.2-1 資料處理流程…………………………………………………8
Fig.2-2 左圖為原始資料，右圖為資料處理後………………………9
Fig.2-3 四種基本的的井測圖形 ……………………………………13
Fig.2-4 研究區中DA震測線…………………………………………16
Fig.3-1 六重溪層下部電測圖 ………………………………………22
Fig.3-2 六重溪層底部震測剖面 ……………………………………23
Fig.3-3 六重溪層中部電測圖 ………………………………………26
Fig.3-4 六重溪層的震測剖面 ………………………………………27
Fig.3-5 六重溪層上部電測圖 ………………………………………29
Fig.3-6 因斷層引起的六重層底部落差 ……………………………32
Fig.3-7“A”生長斷層組在各時期活動盛衰變化圖 ………………33
Fig.3-8 六重溪層可能的沈積環境變化 ……………………………34
Fig.4-1崁下寮層下部的井下電測圖 ………………………………39
Fig.4-2崁下寮層中部的井下電測圖 ………………………………42
Fig.4-3崁下寮層上部的井下電測 …………………………………44
Fig.4-4崁下寮層的古沈積環境模式…………………………………47
Fig.5-1二重溪下部的井下電測圖……………………………………52
Fig.5-2新營地區可能的三角洲葉(Delta lobe)沈積型態 ………53
Fig.5-3 新營地區二重溪層上部井測資料……………………………57
Fig.5-4八掌溪地區二重溪層上部井測資料…………………………58
Fig.5-5二重溪層可能的沈積模式……………………………………61
Fig.5-6早期二重溪層可能是先沈積於未被填充滿的海底峽谷低地中。……………………………………………………………63

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