臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

8mol％釔安定氧化鋯（Yttria-stablized Zirconia，簡稱8YSZ）是固態氧化物燃料電池（Solid Oxide Fuel Cell）電解質常使用的材料之一。這是因為8YSZ具有良好的離子導電率以及與電極的匹配性。電解質材料的燒結情形直接影響著離子導電率的優劣。不同的燒結條件會影響電解質的微結構（例如晶粒尺寸、相結構和燒結相對密度等等），進而影響離子導電率的優劣。
本研究以共沉法製備奈米結晶8YSZ粉末。8YSZ粉末的煆燒溫度在400℃到500℃時為立方相，在煆燒溫度600℃以上開始有少量單斜相產生。在製作生胚時僅能以外加壓力破壞軟凝團，硬凝團依然會存在而影響燒結密度。一階段燒結方面，在1100℃到1300℃屬於燒結的中期階段而在1300℃到1500℃屬於燒結的末期階段，在燒結1300℃以上開始有晶界與孔洞分離的現象。二階段燒結方面，增加第一階段的燒結溫度或持溫時間皆會促進晶粒成長，兩階段燒結的結果並沒有使得燒結密度提升，這是由於製備的8YSZ粉末有凝聚現象，導致生胚的粉末顆粒間有大的孔洞存在，在燒結過程中不易消除，使燒結體皆有大孔洞的存在。

The 8 mol% yttria-stablized zirconia is one of the popular materials employed as electrolyte in solid oxide fuel cell because of its attractive ionic conductivity, stability against the electrode materials. The ionic conductivity varies strongly with the sintering conditions of the electrolyte. Different sintering conditions will result in diverse characteristics in the microstructures of the electrolyte such as grain size, intergranular phases and relative density.
In this study, nanocrystalline 8 mol% yttria-stablized zirconia were prepared by co-precipitation method. Cubic phase of 8YSZ can be obtained while temperature of calcination between 400℃ and 500℃, and after the temperature is over 600℃, few monoclinic phase will be produced. In the processing of green body, only soft agglomerates can be broken by the way of compressive stress, hard agglomerates would existence and influence the density of sintering. For one step sintering, firing between 1100℃ and 1300℃ is the intermediate stage, from 1300℃ to 1500℃ belong to the final stage in which the segregation appearance of grain and pore would be started. For two step sintering, both of increasing sintering temperature of the first stage and duration time enhanced grain growth and failed to raise the density of sintering because of the existence of agglomerates in 8YSZ powder which were kept in green body, and were difficult to densification during sintering, owing to the production of large pore.

摘　要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究目的 3
第二章 基礎理論與文獻回顧 4
2.1燃料電池簡介 4
2.1.1燃料電池之優點及應用 4
2.1.2燃料電池之種類 5
2.2固態氧化物燃料電池 7
2.2.1固態氧化物燃料電池之結構 7
2.2.2固態氧化物燃料電池之反應 8
2.3固態電解質 10
2.4釔安定氧化鋯 14
2.4.1安定劑本質與濃度 15
2.4.2釔安定氧化鋯的導電特性 17
2.5固態燒結 18
2.5.1燒結的驅動力 19
2.5.2基本燒結擴散機構 21
2.5.3燒結三階段 23
2.5.4緻密化與粗化 25
2.5.5頸部成長之燒結路徑模型數學式 26
2.5.6凝聚體對燒結之影響 28
2.5.7孔洞與晶粒成長 31
2.6影響沉澱物粒子大小之因素 36
2.7釔安定氧化鋯之相關文獻 37
第三章 實驗流程與量測 40
3.1藥品規格 40
3.2粉末與試片製作部分使用之儀器 40
3.3實驗流程 41
3.3.1粉末之製備 41
3.3.1.1溶液配製 41
3.3.1.2共沉、洗滌過濾及共沉粉體 42
3.3.1.3煆燒及煆燒後粉末性質分析 42
3.3.1.4球磨及球磨後粉末性質分析 43
3.3.1.5不同分散劑之測試 45
3.3.1.6胚體製備及性質分析 45
3.3.2燒結及性質分析 49
3.3.2.1一階段式燒結 49
3.3.2.2二階段式燒結 49
第四章 結果與討論 51
4.1粉末特性 51
4.1.1起始溶液濃度與球磨時間對8YSZ粉末之影響 51
4.1.2不同的煆燒條件對8YSZ粉末之影響 54
4.1.3粉末粒徑與顯微結構 57
4.1.4 不同分散劑對8YSZ粉末分散之影響 60
4.2生胚特性 64
4.2.1不同的成型條件對生胚密度與燒結之影響 64
4.2.2生胚之顯微結構 66
4.3燒結特性 67
4.3.1不同升溫速率對燒結體之影響 67
4.3.2不同燒結條件對燒結體之影響 71
4.3.2.1一階段燒結 71
4.3.2.2二階段燒結 83
第五章 結論 91
參考文獻 92

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