臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

營建工程是透過許多資源匯集整合而得以完成，依照現今營建工程成本高昂、工期冗長的產業特性，以及介面整合、資源調配之複雜化程度，使得佔建造成本相當大比例的營建物料更加突顯出其規劃與配送之困難程度。在以往缺乏以有系統的方式進行物料之規劃與配送，而導致整體物料供應計劃執行之無效率，進而造成其他資源與資金的浪費。
在製造業針對原料採購、生產產能安排、物料存貨管理與物料運輸配送的問題，而發展出各種條件下的採購、生產、存貨與運送理論業已相當成熟，因此本研究希望透過這些理論的導入與運用，考慮在接獲訂單到配送物料於各工地之規劃時間內，考量原料採購、生產規劃、安全存貨與物流配送的觀念與理論，發展出營建業的物料供應商之整合成本最佳化模式，進而尋求出物料供應商最佳的運籌計畫（包括採購、生產、存貨與運送計畫），藉以提升物料供應商的整體效益，與增加各工地營建專案工程之施行績效。

Construction engineering is a traditional industry with complexity. Construction projects, combining lots of resources and coordinating related groups, have the features of high cost and long duration. The problems of material production and delivery exist in suppliers’ scheduling. Lacking systematical material planning leads to the inefficacious execution and increases their cost.
The main goal in manufacturing is to decrease inventory drastically and to regulate the suppliers’ interaction with the production line more effectively, based on the theory of production planning and inventory management. According to that, this research develops the optimal integration cost model of material suppliers in construction industry and devotes to search for the best logistical planning for suppliers, including the plans of purchasing, production, inventory, and delivery. The aims are to improve suppliers’ total revenues and make construction projects more efficient.

目錄
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究範圍與內容 2
1.4研究方法與流程 2
1.5預期成果 3
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1供應鏈理論之探討 5
2.1.1供應鏈 5
2.1.2供應鏈管理 5
2.1.3供應鏈管理的效益 6
2.1.4供應鏈的特性 7
2.1.5供應鏈研究模式 7
2.2物料供應商之成本分析 8
2.3營建業物料規劃與管理之相關研究 9
2.4存貨系統特性與存貨模型 10
2.5採購存貨模型 11
2.6物料運輸配送模式 12
第三章 整合成本模式之建置 14
3.1模式假設之說明 14
3.2模式符號之說明 15
3.3模式之推導 17
3.3.1工地需求 17
3.3.2生產成本模式 18
3.3.2生產成本模式 18
3.3.3存貨成本模式 21
3.3.4原料成本模式 24
3.3.5運送成本模式 27
3.3.6供應商之整合成本模式分析 29
第四章 數值案例之分析 30
4.1個案分析 30
4.1.1案例說明 30
4.1.2案例參數資料 31
4.2案例實作分析 33
4.2.1案例之整合成本模式求解分析 33
4.2.2案例之個別成本模式求解分析 37
4.2.3案例之經驗規劃方式求解分析 40
4.3案例分析結果之比較 45
4.4敏感度分析 51
4.4.1整合成本模式敏感度分析 51
4.4.2敏感度分析結果 54
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 55
5.1結論 55
5.2未來研究方向 56
參考文獻 57


圖目錄
圖2-1 物料供應商與工地之關係 （O’Brien，1998） 9
圖2-2 各種存貨模型圖 （陳文賢 (民83)） 11
圖3-1 工地i之物料需求情況 17
圖3-2 預定生產情形 18
圖3-3 趕工生產情形 19
圖3-4 t單位時間內物料生產情形 19
圖3-5 生產物料之存貨水準 21
圖3-6運送物料所產生之節省存貨水準 22
圖3-8 原料j於預定生產之存貨水準 24
圖3-9 原料j於趕工生產之存貨水準 24
圖3-9 物料運送圖 27
圖3-10 整合成本模式與各種成本模式之關係圖 29
圖4-1 案例之成員圖 30
圖4-2 整合成本模式之鋼筋運送圖（整數求解） 34
圖4-3 整合成本模式之各項成本分析圖（整數求解） 34
圖4-4 總成本與運送量Q之關係圖（整數求解） 35
圖4-5 個別成本模式中各項成本求解關係圖 37
圖4-6 個別成本模式之最佳運送圖 38
圖4-7 個別成本模式之成本分析圖 39
圖4-8 鋼筋之存貨水準圖 40
圖4-9 鋼胚之存貨水準圖 41
圖4-10 鋼筋運送次數與運送量圖 41
圖4-11 經驗規劃之鋼筋運送圖 43
圖4-12 經驗規劃之各項成本分析圖 43
圖4-13 三種分析方式之各項成本分析圖 45
圖4-14 三種分析方式之總成本比較圖 47
圖4-15 三種分析方式之生產成本比較圖 47
圖4-16 三種分析方式之存貨成本比較圖 48
圖4-17 三種分析方式之原料成本比較圖 48
圖4-18 三種分析方式之運送成本比較圖 49


表目錄
表2-1 緩衝機制 8
表4-1 工地需求表 31
表4-2 整合成本模式之最佳成本分析表（整數求解） 33
表4-3 整合成本模式之最佳運籌計畫（整數求解） 33
表4-4 Q、N與各項成本分析表（整數求解） 35
表4-5 整合成本模式之最佳成本分析（非整數求解） 35
表4-6 整合成本模式之最佳運籌計畫（非整數求解） 35
表4-7 個別成本模式之最佳成本分析 37
表4-8 個別成本模式之最佳運籌計畫 38
表4-9 經驗規劃之成本分析 42
表4-10 經驗規劃之運籌配置計畫 42
表4-11 三種分析方式之各項成本分析表 45
表4-12 三種分析方式之總成本相差比較表 46
表4-13 三種分析方式之生產成本相差比較表 46
表4-14 三種分析方式之存貨成本相差比較表 46
表4-15 三種分析方式之原料成本相差比較表 46
表4-16 三種分析方式之運送成本相差比較表 47
表4-17 t值變化之敏感度分析 52
表4-19 b值變化之敏感度分析 52
表4-20 Iinitial值變化之敏感度分析 52
表4-21 Isafe值變化之敏感度分析 53
表4-22 Cm值變化之敏感度分析 53
表4-23 Vmax值變化之敏感度分析 53

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