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An average of 47.1 Inner-hospital infections in one thousand days occurs in nursing house. The control of infection is one of the most critical quality monitoring items of long term nursing environment. In general, the disabled patients in nursing house always are implanted some piping healthcare devices, such as tracheostomy, nasal stomachal pipe or catheter. Besides above mentioned, the long-term medication also causes the immunity of patients so weak as to get infected easily. Most nursing institutions in Taiwan rely on the ventilating machine or central air-conditioning system as the mechanism of decreasing infection rate by adjusting the room temperature and ventilation, so the control of air quality is also the important way to avoid the infection. Because most residential patient need to take many kinds of nursing cares, the nursing behaviors, environmental condition and medical equipments all these items are thought as the influence of the air quality in nursing house and the key factors of infection control.
Through the literature review on the nursing behavior, infection control and air quality, the testing indexes to check whether the room air quality of nursing house is under control within the safety standard have been found ,and evaluated by the five following items: CO2, dust, temperature, humidity and air velocity. In this paper, the observations are four nursing institutions in the center area of Taiwan. Use the strata sampling method to take 33 rooms as the sample from 88 rooms and also utilize the instruments to find the five testing indexes mentioned above. Give the nursing staff the structural questionnaire to know their nursing behaviors. Finally, the testing result of air quality can be calculated by SPSS. SPSS doesn’t only provide the descriptive analysis, but also have a cross analysis by using Scheffe method. It showed the influence of nursing behaviors, environmental conditions, and the use of medical equipments on the aspect of air quality.
The research results are as follow: first, the critical items with significant influence on CO2 index are the room capacity and the area of window-opening. Second, the critical items with significant influence on dust index are the use of bathroom facilities, the use of wheelchair, diaper change, and environmental sweeping. Third, the critical items with significant influence on air velocity index are window-opening and the use of air-conditioning facilities. Fourth, the critical items with significant influence on temperature index are small area of window-opening, the use of lighting facilities and the aid of bath-taking. Fifth, the critical items with significant influence on humidity index are small window-opening, the aid of bath-taking, the aid of washing and dressing, sweeping and cleaning, perineum flushing, and the use of medical equipments.
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