臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
傳統的定位方式，是要利用三個己知座標的鄰近點，來幫助定位的。但是這個需求則受限於佈點的密度或者說是佈點的數量，尤其此方法在佈點較稀疏的狀態下，就會有不佳的效果。因此我們討論用己知的二點座標和一些己有的鄰近資訊，來幫助一些沒有達到三點定位需求，而不能定位的未知點，進而能夠有效利用這點，來提供一些有效的資訊。在本文中可以看到我們的實驗結果表示，我們的演算法能有效的改善定位的數量。同時，我們也考慮到距離量測的誤差會進而導致定位的誤差，在文中會一一描述。

Abstract
Traditional triangulation positioning requires that a node needs three position-known neighbors to be positioned. This requirement limits the position capability, or the number of nodes being positioned, particularly for sparse sensor networks. We propose a positioning approach, two nodes and neighbors examining, by which the node with less than three position-known neighbors may still be positioned as long as its surroundings provide enough useful information. Our simulation results show that the number of nodes being positioned may be dramatically improved. We also consider distance measurement errors which may cause triangulation fail. The two nodes and neighbors examining approach may be used to estimate positions. Besides, we discuss how to estimate positions for some special cases and refine the estimations, and then illustrate the simulation results.

目 錄
第一章 緒論 5
第一節、 研究背景與動機 5
第二節、 研究目標與方法 8
第三節、 論文架構 10
第二章 相關研究 11
第一節 距離量測 11
第一小節 Signal Strength 11
第二小節 Time of Arrival (TOA) 12
第三小節 Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) 13
第二節 定位方法 15
第一小節 相對位置定位法 16
第二小節 絕對位置定位法 16
第三章 定位研究 18
第一節 集中式三點定位法 18
第二節 集中式二點定位法 25
第四章 實驗結果分析 32
第一節 實驗結果 32
第二節 誤差分析 34
第三節 結果分析 37
參考文獻 40

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