臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中世紀的生活深受天文學與占星學的影響。喬叟在他的作品中便大量應用占星學知識，例如計時、天文氣象學、醫藥、面相學、巫術與煉金術。中世紀教會承認占星學在醫藥方面佔有一席之地，也勉強接受占星學對氣象學，草木生長與面相學的影響。但是中世紀教會譴責「決疑占星學」對於人類行為的影響，例如占卜與預測未來。本論文旨在探討喬叟《坎特伯里故事集》中的人物為何選擇掙脫占星學對他們的影響，以及他們如何「善用自身的美德去改變那些由掌管行星的諸神所帶來的災難」。第一章序論簡介中世紀有關占星學的爭議評論。藉由追溯中世紀對於占星學的相關評論，我們可以理解喬叟身處的人文歷史背景。中世紀早期，教會嚴厲打擊占星學，使得占星學幾乎銷聲匿跡。但是直到十二世紀開始，隨著古希臘新學識的復甦，占星學於西歐重拾學術卓越地位。中世紀有關占星學的種種爭議評論長達一世紀，喬叟必定深受此影響。第二章試圖探討喬叟如何看待占星學，他的態度與《坎特伯里故事集》中的諸多人物對占星學採取「似是而非」的態度有無關聯，其中特別以《坎特伯里故事集》中的人物對於占星學「似是而非」的態度為例，解釋亞塞特與希西厄斯如何掙脫占星學對他們的影響，以及他們如何將自身於人間所受的災難轉換成上天的賜福。結論總結：基於考量中世紀長期以來對於占星學的爭議評論，喬叟必須十分謹慎地處理其詩作中所提及的占星學課題；他雖然認可「決疑占星學」，但是同時又必須將它的孕峟郃謢b選擇適當時機去做適當的事。喬叟的手法正反映了當時中世紀教會對於占星學「謹慎小心」的基本主張。

The Middle Ages were heavily laden with the idea of astronomy and astrology. Chaucer applies a great deal of astrology, say, timekeeping, astrometeorology, medicine, physiognomy, magic, and alchemy, in his works. The medieval Church recognized astrology as an essential part of medicine, and conceded astrological influences on meteorology, vegetation and physiognomy, but condemned “judicial” astrology, namely, the casting of horoscopes and the precise predicting of human behavior. This thesis aims to examine why the characters in the Canterbury Tales choose to break out of their inherited astrological influences on their behavior and how they make “virtue of necessity.” Chapter One gives a brief survey of the medieval debate about astrology by tracing its critiques in the Middle Ages so as to foreground the historical background in which Chaucer situates. In the early Middle Ages, astrology was attacked harshly by the Church Fathers and nearly died out, but in the twelfth century, with the revival of learning and the new learning of Greek, astrology regained a position of prominence in the intellectual life of Europe. Chaucer might have been influenced by the traditional attitude toward astrology. Chapter Two attempts to examine how Chaucer views astrology, in contrast to the characters in the Canterbury Tales, particularly in the Knight’s Tale. I would suggest that a study of the discrepancy between the qualities of the planetary gods and the nature of human beings will shed light on the characters’ wavering attitude toward astrology, especially the reasons why Arcite and Theseus break out of astrological influences and transform misfortune into blessing in the Knight’s Tale. I would conclude that Chaucer might have dealt with astrology with caution so as not to confront the conventional critiques of astrology; he might have approved of “judicial” astrology, but moderated it to choosing the propitious time for actions so as not to run the risk of being accused of siding with or against astrology.

Table of Contents
Abstract.....................................................................................................................................................................i
Chinese Abstract........................................................................................................................................................ii
Acknowledgements....................................................................................................................................................iii
List of Illustrations......................................................................................................................................................v
List of Abbreviations..................................................................................................................................................viii
Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................1
Chapter One: The Medieval Debate about Astrology .................................................................................................18
Chapter Two: “Men sholde nat knowe of Goddes pryvetee”: Astrological Magic, Astrometeorology, and Alchemy in the Canterbury Tales..............................................................................................................................................38
Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................................78
Works Cited..............................................................................................................................................................84

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