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研究生:黃怡慈
研究生(外文):Yi-Tzu Huang
論文名稱:考慮需求變動與允許缺貨之多次生產回收性商品存貨模式
論文名稱(外文):Multiple productions inventory model for reusable product with varying demand and shortage
指導教授:黃惠民黃惠民引用關係
指導教授(外文):Hui-Ming Wee
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:中原大學
系所名稱:工業工程研究所
學門:工程學門
學類:工業工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:93
語文別:中文
論文頁數:78
中文關鍵詞:缺貨可再利用物品存貨需求變動
外文關鍵詞:reusable productvarying demandinventoryshortage
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:8
  • 點閱點閱:189
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
在自由開放的競爭市場下,有效的降低企業成本及增加產品的價
值是提高競爭力的不二法門。近年來隨著環保意識的抬頭,環境成本
佔企業總成本的比重日益增加。環保,就是為了能夠達到物盡其用、
不浪費資源,並減少廢料對於環境所造成的負擔。因此,如何利用資
源回收與再生來降低相關的物料成本,是企業在提高市場競爭力上另
一項考量的重點。

本研究以製造可回收再利用物品為研究對象,在單一產品及單一週期,分別建構了在允許缺貨及需求為線性遞減的條件下之多次回復生產之存貨模式。本研究建立數學模式,以數學軟體搜尋出在總成本最小化的最佳回復生產次數,並透過數值範例與敏感度分析來瞭解影響系統之關鍵參數。

研究結果發現允許缺貨之可回收架構的存貨模式中,發現到回收的比率及生產批量為影響總成本的關鍵參數,如果能有效的控制其參數,將可達到總成本最佳化。另外由此兩模式敏感度分析中得知,如果能對需求做更精準的預測,將會降低存貨水準進而降低總成本。
In this open and competitive market, effective cost reduction and improving product value is the best way to increase competitiveness. In the recent years, due to the increasing environmental protection cost, environmental consciousness in enterprise is becoming more and more important. One of the ways to reduce material cost and protect environment is to recycle resources.

This study discusses an inventory model of reusable items with shortage and decreasing market demand. A mathematical model and a program are developed to derive the optimal solution with minimal total cost. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are carried out to analyze the influence of key parameters to the inventory system.

The result of this study shows that the total cost is most sensitive to the percentage of reusable items, the demand forecast and their lot sizes. Optimal cost can be derived through proper control of the key parameters. The sensitivity analysis done in the two models show that inventory level and total cost can be reduced through a better demand forecast.
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2研究目的與範圍 2
1.3研究方法與步驟 3
1.4論文架構 4
第二章 文獻探討 6
2.1存貨之基本觀念 6
2.1.1 存貨的定義與種類 6
2.1.2存貨的目的與優缺點 7
2.1.3 存貨模式 8
2.2逆物流之存貨系統 10
2.2.1 逆物流之影響 10
2.2.2 逆物流相關文獻探討 12
2.3允許缺貨之存貨系統 13
2.4需求變動之存貨系統 13
第三章 多次生產與允許缺貨之可回收單階層存貨模式 15
3.1 模式基本假設條件 15
3.2 模式參數說明與定義 16
3.3問題描述 17
3.4 存貨模式之推導 19
3.4.1 輔助符號說明 19
3.4.2 模式推導過程 23
3.5 數值範例說明 26
3.5.1 模式合理性驗證 26
3.5.2 模式數值分析 28
3.6 敏感度分析 37
3.7 本章結論 41
第四章 考慮需求變動下多次生產之可回收單階層存貨模式 42
4.1 模式基本假設條件 42
4.2 模式參數說明與定義 43
4.3 問題描述 44
4.4 模式建立 46
4.5數值範例 : 52
4.6 敏感度分析 57
4.7 本章結論 61
第五章 結論與未來研究方向 62
5.1 結論 62
5.2 未來研究方向 63
參考文獻 65
作者簡介 70

表2.1 存貨的分類 9
表2.2 再利用性之分類 12
表 3.1 模式數值驗證表 27
表 3.2 數值最佳解 29
表 3.3 敏感度分析之結果表 37
表 3.4 敏感度分析之變異表 38
表 4.1 數值最佳解 53
表 4.2 敏感度分析之結果表 57
表 4.3 敏感度分析之變異表 58

圖1.1 可回收性商品存貨架構 3
圖1.2 論文研究架構 5
圖2.1 逆物流流程圖 11
圖3.1 存貨水準與時間關係圖(N=3) 18
圖3.2 單位時間總成本對QR,S一次微分函數聯立方程式圖形 30
圖3.3 可使用性產品持有成本隨著回復次數及缺貨量變化之影響 31
圖3.4 回收物品持有成本隨著回復次數及缺貨量變化之影響 32
圖3.5 回覆設置成本隨著回復次數及缺貨量變化之影響情況 33
圖3.6缺貨成本隨著回復次數及缺貨量變化之影響情況 34
圖3.7 總持有成本隨著回復次數及缺貨量變化之影響情況 35
圖3.8 相關參數之變異圖 39
圖4.1 存貨水準與時間關係圖(N=4) 45
圖4.2 可使用性產品持有成本隨著回復次數變化之影響 54
圖4.3 回收物品持有成本隨著回復次數變化之影響 54
圖4.4 回覆設置成本隨著回復次數變化之影響情況 55
圖4.5 總成本隨著回復次數變化之影響情況 55
圖4.6 相關參數之變異圖 59
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