臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要
本研究選用已有機化的奈米彈性體,加入雙酚A 系環氧樹脂-DGEBA中。奈米彈性體依不同比例以機械力分散方法與環氧樹脂摻合；再加入碳纖維進一步製備纖維複合材料。除了藉由SAXRD 測試來觀察奈米彈性體於環氧樹脂之分散情形及利用AFM 測試檢測奈米彈性體的粒徑外，並探討不同比例之奈米彈性體對樹脂系統和碳纖維積層板之機械性質、反應性及玻璃轉移溫度等的影響，且與熱塑性樹脂及橡膠增韌劑加以比較。
微差掃描熱分析DSC 顯示，奈米彈性體之添加對於樹脂系統之反應性並無影響，且樹脂系統之玻璃轉移溫度（Tg）亦無太大改變。
機械性質方面，奈米彈性體含量為6 wt%時，可有效提高環氧樹脂系統與碳纖維複合材料系統之機械性質。撓曲方面，最高可提升樹脂系統之撓曲強度約18.42 %；對於碳纖維複合材料系統而言，最高可提升其撓曲強度約35.77 %。層間剪強度方面，藉由添加奈米彈性體，可使複合材料於此性質提升至75.39 %。就Mode I層間破壞韌性而言，其性質可提升至70.78 %，而在Mode II層間破壞韌性方面，最高可提升至96.63 %。

Abstract
In this study, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA) was modified by nanoelastomer with different portion and blended by mechanical force. Carbon fibers were impregnated by these modified systems individually to form the composites. The distribution of each addition of nanoelastomer in resin matrix was observed by SAXRD. The mechanical properties, chemical reactivity and glass transition temperature varied with different adding amount of nanoelastomer in epoxy systems were also investigated.
From the DSC inspection, the addition of nanoelastomer would not influence the reactivity of modified resin system as well as the glass transition temperature. For the mechanical properties of the cured composites, the interlaminar shear strength was generally increased with the addition of nanoelastomer. The fracture toughness of the cured composites have been improved as well due to the matrices modified with nano-sacle elastomer.

目 錄
中 文 摘 要 i
英 文 摘 要 ii
目 錄 iii
圖 目 錄 vii
表 目 錄 xi
符 號 意 義 xii
第一章 前言 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究動機與目的 6
第二章 理論 7
2.1 應變倍率（strain magnification）效應 7
2.2 破壞韌性理論 10
2.2.1 複合材料Mode I破壞分析 11
2.2.2 複合材料Mode II破壞分析 15
第三章 實驗 18
3.1 實驗材料 18
3.2 實驗儀器 21
3.3 實驗步驟 22
3.4 實驗流程 23
3.4.1 純樹脂試片之製作流程 23
3.4.2 複合材料試片之製作流程 24
3.5 原子力顯微鏡（Atomic Force Microscopy, AFM）測試 25
3.6 積層板製備 28
3.7 撓曲測試 29
3.8 層間剪強度測試 30
3.9 破壞韌性測試 31
3.9.1 Mode I測試法－DCB（Double Cantilever Beam） 31
3.9.2 Mode II測試法－ENF（End Notched Flexure） 32
3.10 複合材料纖維體積分率測試 33
第四章 結果與討論 34
4.1 奈米彈性體、熱塑性樹脂與天然橡膠（NBR）之微差掃描熱分析（DSC）34
4.1.1 奈米彈性體、熱塑性樹脂與天然橡膠（NBR）之反應性 34
4.1.2 奈米彈性體、熱塑性樹脂與天然橡膠（NBR）之玻璃轉位溫度（Tg點） 41
4.2 奈米彈性體之X-Ray分析 47
4.3 奈米彈性體、熱塑性樹脂之原子力顯微鏡(AFM)觀察 48
4.4 奈米複合材料之撓曲性質 52
4.4.1 環氧樹脂/奈米彈性體之撓曲性質 52
4.4.2 環氧樹脂/奈米彈性體碳纖維複合材料之撓曲性質 57
4.5 環氧樹脂/奈米彈性體碳纖維複合材料層間剪強度 60
4.6 環氧樹脂/奈米彈性體碳纖維複合材料破壞韌性之比較 62
4.6.1 環氧樹脂/奈米彈性體碳纖維複合材料Mode I破壞韌性 63
4.6.2 環氧樹脂/奈米彈性體碳纖維複合材料Mode II破壞韌性 65
4.7 配方最佳化的探討 67
第五章 結論 70
參考文獻 72

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