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研究生:宋秉憲
研究生(外文):Soong,Bing Shang
論文名稱:以數值高程模型辨識地形之研究
論文名稱(外文):Terrain recognition with digital elevation models
指導教授:何瑁鎧何瑁鎧引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立政治大學
系所名稱:資訊科學學系
學門:工程學門
學類:電資工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:93
語文別:中文
論文頁數:59
中文關鍵詞:地文分析字串比對高通濾波器
外文關鍵詞:hydrologic analysisstring matchinghigh pass filter
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:8
  • 點閱點閱:343
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  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:1
本研究所要討論的是如何以局部區域的數值高程模型資料辨識出所在整體地形的相對應位置。數值高程模型是以網格式的方式描述地表上連續性的起伏變化,以二維陣列儲存地表高度的資料,包含三度空間的特性。
我們從區域地形萃取出線性特徵與點特徵,分別為水系河段與地形上較明顯的凸點與凹點,以水系作為識別每一區域地形的“指紋”,對於地形變化小或河段特徵不明顯之區域尋找其特徵點,配合相關地形參數與整體地形進行比對,並對不同之特徵採用不同比對演算法。我們以物件化的方式表達水系河段與特徵點,將許多圖層的資訊整合於物件中,除了方便資料的管理,也加快了比對的效率。實驗結果顯示,應用此兩種特徵值作為辨識地形依據,可有效辨識出正確位置,也節省許多不必要的比對時間。
The main objective of this thesis is to identify a terrain using partial Digital Elevation Model (DEM) information. DEM is one of the most commonly used data representation models used in Geographical Information Systems. It is a digital model with an array of uniformly spaced elevation data in raster format. One can use DEM to analyze terrain measures including slope, aspect, and other features. In the thesis, we use hydrology analysis to extract the stream networks and use terrain parameter analysis to compute terrain features from the DEM of a small region. This information can be used as the “fingerprints” of the terrain and then compare them with the “fingerprints” in the whole data base in order to identify or to locate the correct location of the region. The KMP string matching algorithm is used to speed up the matching process.
Measurements extracted from DEM through hydrology analysis may not provide significant terrain information for the identification purpose. In this case, other mechanism such as VIP node and algorithm are used to facilitate the identification process.
We embed object oriented concepts in actual implementation. The experimental results show that our mechanism works successfully and the time used in the identification process reduced significantly.
第一章 緒論........................................... 1
1.1 簡介.............................................. 1
1.2 問題描述.......................................... 2
1.3 研究動機.......................................... 4
1.4 論文章節結構...................................... 4
第二章 相關研究................. ..................... 6
第三章 地形特徵擷取................................... 8
3.1 數值地形模型...................................... 8
3.2 水文分析.......................................... 10
3.2.1流向分析......................................... 10
3.2.2窪地填補......................................... 13
3.2.3流量累積計算..................................... 14
3.2.4水系河段定義..................................... 15
3.2.5河川分段......................................... 16
3.2.6河川級序分析..................................... 17
3.3重要點特徵......................................... 18
3.4地形參數........................................... 20
3.4.1坡度............................................. 20
3.4.2坡向............................................. 22
3.4.3曲率............................................. 23
第四章 特徵值比對..................................... 25
4.1 河段比對.......................................... 25
4.2 特徵點比對........................................ 28
第五章 系統架構....................................... 33
5.1 特徵值分類........................................ 34
5.2 區域高度資料分析.................................. 35
5.2.1 最小區域面積.................................... 36
5.2.2 選取最具特徵的河段.............................. 36
5.2.3 選取最具特徵點.................................. 37
5.2.4 門檻值問題...................................... 38
5.3 資料庫建置........................................ 39
第六章 實驗........................................... 41
6.1 對地形作水文分析.................................. 41
6.2 對地形作特徵點分析................................ 44
6.3 比較辨識結果...................................... 47
6.3.1 河段比對........................................ 48
6.3.2 特徵點比對...................................... 51
第七章 結論........................................... 55
7.1 結論.............................................. 55
7.2 未來發展.......................................... 57
參考資料.............................................. 58
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