臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

文獻指出鉻與運動皆有促進能量代謝及胰島素敏感性之作用，本研究利用高脂誘導肥胖C57BL/6J小鼠探討運動對代謝異常及體內鉻元素分布之影響。研究發現，小鼠經16週運動後其體重、體脂肪、禁食血糖與瘦體素均顯著下降，但胰島素濃度則無顯著差異。小鼠犧牲後採其臟器，以石墨爐原子吸收光譜儀分析鉻元素，結果發現運動組之鉻含量在肝臟、肌肉均顯著上升，腎臟鉻含量亦有上升的趨勢，但骨頭、脂肪、血液之鉻含量則無顯著差異。本研究亦探討經6週運動後停止運動12週對於小鼠代謝異常及體內鉻元素分布的影響，結果並未發現鉻元素分布之改變。前人研究指出飲食中補充鉻，可有效改善高血糖及胰島素阻抗之情形，而本研究發現運動可增加肌肉及肝臟的鉻含量，推測可協助肌肉及肝臟細胞能量的利用，達到改善代謝異常並降低血糖的效果。

Literatures indicated that exercise and chromium can help in energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether exercise can alleviate metabolic disorder and affect chromium distribution in high-fat diet induced obese C57BL/6J mice. After 16 weeks of exercise, mice body weight, fat mass, fasting glucose and serum leptin reduced significantly. However, the level of insulin had no significant change. Mice were sacrificed and their organs were digested to analyze chromium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The results showed that the level of chromium in exercise group had significantly increase in liver and muscle, and had slightly increase in kidney. There were no changed in chromium level in bone, fat and blood. In another trial, mice were treated with treadmill running test for 6 weeks and terminated exercise for another 12 weeks to compare the diet effect on chromium distribution and metabolism disorders. No significant change were found in chromium distribution. Previous study indicated that supplement chromium can improve hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. In this study, we found that exercise can increase the level of chromium in muscle and liver. It suggested that the increased chromium can help in energy metabolism, and alleviate the symptoms of hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders.

中文摘要………………………….…………………………………….i
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………... ii
目次………………………………………………………………….………...iii
圖次…………………………………………………………………………vi
表次……………………………………………………………..…………viii
第一章、前言……………………………………..………………………01
第二章、文獻探討………………………………………………………02
第一節肥胖………………………..………………………………………02
一、肥胖盛行率………………………………………………………02
二、肥胖程度的診斷……………………….………….………………03
三、肥胖的成因………………………………………………………05
四、肥胖對健康的危害……………..………………………..….……07
第二節瘦體素(leptin)……..……………………………………………09
一、瘦體素的作用……………………………………………………09
二、瘦體素調節體內能量平衡的機制……………………………09
三、瘦體素與肥胖………………………………………………..…11
第三節糖尿病（Diabetes mellitus）…………………………..………….13
一、糖尿病盛行率…………………..……………………………13
二、糖尿病的原因分類………………………….………………14
三、糖尿病的診斷…………….………………………………16
四、糖尿病對健康的危害及併發症………………………………17
第四節胰島素訊息傳導和作用………………………………..19
一、胰島素……………………………………………………19
二、胰島素受體（Insulin receptor）………………………………20
三、肥胖與胰島素阻抗的形成……………………………………22
第五節運動…………………………………….…………………..24
一、運動的分類……………………………….………………..……24
二、運動與健康………………………………..………………..……26
三、運動預防肥胖及改善胰島素阻抗….……………………..……28
第六節鉻元素（chromium, Cr）………………..……………………..29
一、鉻所扮演的角色………………………..………………..……29
二、鉻的攝取及排泄………………………..………………..……31
第七節實驗小鼠C57BL/6……………………………………..32
一、C57BL小鼠………………..…………………………..……..……32
二、C57BL/6小鼠生理生化與行為特性………….……………..……32
三、高脂誘導C57BL/6小鼠肥胖……………………………..………33
第三章、實驗材料與方法………………………………..………………..…34
第一節動物飼養…………………………..………………….…………34
第二節腹腔注射胰島素敏感性試驗及血糖測定……………………...34
第三節動物實驗……………………………………………………..35
實驗一、高脂飲食誘導C57BL/6J小鼠之肥胖及禁食高血糖
…………………………………………………………35
實驗二、規律運動對高脂誘導肥胖C57BL/6J小鼠血糖之影響
……………………………………………………………35
實驗三、運動改變對一般飼糧C57BL/6J小鼠血糖之影響
……………………………..……………….……………36
實驗四、運動改變合併高脂飼糧對C57BL/6J小鼠血糖之影響
…………………………………………………………37
第四節樣本處理與分析……………………………………………38
一、臟器及全血中鉻含量分析……………………………………38
二、血清胰島素及血清瘦體素含量分析…………………………39
三、資料分析與統計…………………………………..……………40
第四章、結果…………………………………………………………41
實驗一、高脂飲食誘導C57BL/6J小鼠之肥胖及禁食高血糖…41
實驗二、規律運動對高脂誘導肥胖C57BL/6J小鼠血糖之影響….…42
實驗三、運動改變對一般飼糧C57BL/6J小鼠血糖之影響……….….43
實驗四、運動改變合併高脂飼糧對C57BL/6J小鼠血糖之影響……..44
第五章、討論………………………………………………………………64
第六章、結論………………………………………………………………71
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………72
附錄…………….……….…………………………………………….………88

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