臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　有關振動的量測在今日越來越被注重。對於高科廠房來說，只要有微小振動產生都會導致金錢上的重大損失。而在高樓的興建上，近年來頻傳的地震仍然無法阻止人們興建更高的大樓，反而轉移其注意力在了解到底承受振動時的高樓其動態反應是如何。

　　首先，由環境因素所造成的振動在本文中先被討論。其中一個實驗是在同步輻射中心，而另外一個則是在高科技廠房中的無塵室。從同步輻射中心的實驗結果來看，其週遭環境因素的確會產生些微的振動，尤其在交通頻繁時同步輻射中心內所量測到的振動反應跟其它時段相比之下是相對較大的。而在高科技廠房的無塵室中，從實驗的結果可發現其內部員工的頻繁走動所產生之振動是不能被忽略的。其次，在本文中使用一個由3分之1倍頻法修改而來的方法來確認高樓在強迫振動下的動態特性，經由使用這個方法，在本文中所介紹的高樓其自然模態可以被識別出來。　

　The measurement of the vibration is more and more emphasized nowadays. For the high-tech plant, the micro vibration will lead to a huge amount of cost. As for high-rise buildings, earthquakes, which happen frequently around the whole world in recent years, still cannot stop people build higher buildings. On the contrary, people turn their attention to evaluate the dynamic response of high-rise buildings, which are suffered from the vibration.

　Firstly, the vibration, which is caused by the ambient factors, is studied. One is in the Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC) and the other is in the clean room of a high-tech plant. In SRRC, the experiment result exhibited that the response of the vibration, which was during the rush hour, was greater than the other time periods. In the clean room of the high-tech plant, the experiment result appeared that the vibration, which was caused by the frequent movement of employees near sensors, could not be neglected. Secondly, a simple method, which is modified from one-third-octave band method, is used to identify the dynamic characteristics of the high-rise building in the forced vibration experiment for this study. By using the method, mode shapes of the high-rise building can be evaluated.

Contents

List of Tables 3
List of Figures 4
Chapter 1 Introduction 7
1-1 Background and Purpose 7
1-2 Literature Review 8
Chapter 2 The Description of Numerical Theory 11
2-1 Brief 11
2-2 Fourier Transform 11
2-2-1 Brief of Fourier Transform 11
2-2-2 Fast Fourier Transform 12
2-3 One-Third-Octave Band Method 15
2-4 The Total Energy Method 19
Chapter 3 Development of Signal Acquisition Program 22
3-1 Introduction 22
3-2 Signal Classification 22
3-3 Visual Basic and Signal Acquisition Program 23
3-3-1 Description of Program 23
3-3-2 The Operation of Data Acquisition Program 28
3-4 Device of Data Acquisition System for Micro-Vibration 47
Chapter 4 Ground Motion of Micro-Vibration 55
4-1 Introduction 55
4-2 The Experiment in Synchrotron Radiation Research Center 56
4-2-1 Brief 56
4-2-2 Procedure of Experiment 57
4-2-3 Proceeding of Data 58
4-2-4 Discussions 63
4-3 Microseism in Clean Room of High-Tech Plant 64
4-3-1 Introduction 64
4-3-2 Proceeding of Data 65
Chapter 5 Forced Vibration of the High-Rise Building 75
5-1 Introduction 75
5-2 Experimental Building and Measured Positions 75
5-3 Procedures of Experiment 77
5-4 Data Processing and Analyzing 78
5-5 Identification of Dynamic Characteristics 79
5-5-1 Mode Shape 80
5-5-2 Natural Frequency 89
Chapter 6 Conclusion 94
6-1 Conclusion 94
Reference 97





List of Tables
Table 2-1 The definition of one-third-octave band (ANSI, 1984) 18
Table 3-1 The input characteristics 48
Table 3-2 DAQCard-6036E analog input accuracy specification 48
Table 3-3 DAQCard-6036E analog output accuracy specification 49
Table 3-4 The specifications of GT-3524 integrator 52
Table 4-1 Summation of each central frequency 63
Table 5-1 Tested frequencies 93























List of Figures
Figure 3-1 Differences of dSampleRate and dScanRate 25
Figure 3-2 Flowchart of program 28
Figure 3-3 The main form of program 29
Figure 3-4 The analyzing form of program 33
Figure 3-5 Output button 39
Figure 3-6 The output form of the program 40
Figure 3-7 Example of input 42
Figure 3-8 Calculation flowchart 43
Figure 3-9 Calculation of average value 43
Figure 3-10 Output type of decibel (dB) 44
Figure 3-11 Output type of energy 44
Figure 3-12 Example of input on FFT 45
Figure 3-13 Output type of FFT 45
Figure 3-14 Example of input on time 46
Figure 3-15 Output type of velocity 46
Figure 3-16 NI-DAQCard6036E for PCMCIA 47
Figure 3-17 (a) Accelerometers (b) The dimensions of Model 731A 49
Figure 3-18 GT-3524 Integrator 52
Figure 3-19 12V rechargeable battery 53
Figure 3-20 Composed rechargeable battery of 24 V 53
Figure 3-21 Adapter between the battery and the notebook 54
Figure 4-1 Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC) 56
Figure 4-2 The site provided by SRRC 57
Figure 4-3 Sensors and plate 57
Figure 4-4 Data acquisition system 58
Figure 4-5 The energy on X direction 60
Figure 4-6 The energy on Y direction 61
Figure 4-7 The energy on Z direction 61
Figure 4-8 Average of energy 62
Figure 4-9 Energy of average plus standard deviation 62
Figure 4-10 Related position 64
Figure 4-11 Measuring background on X direction 66
Figure 4-12 Measuring background on Y direction 66
Figure 4-13 Measuring background on Z direction 67
Figure 4-14 Measuring main beam on X direction 68
Figure 4-15 Measuring main beam on Y direction 68
Figure 4-16 Measuring main beam on Z direction 69
Figure 4-17 Measuring the small beam on X direction 70
Figure 4-18 Measuring the small beam on Y direction 70
Figure 4-19 Measuring the small beam on Z direction 71
Figure 4-20 Compare with the main and the small beam on X direction 72
Figure 4-21 Compare with the main and the small beam on Y direction 73
Figure 4-22 Compare with the main and the small beam on Z direction 73
Figure 5-1 Sketch of high-rise building 76
Figure 5-2 Position of sensors on the flat 76
Figure 5-3 (a) Systems at 36th floor (b) Systems at 76th floor 77
Figure 5-4 MK-155U rotating eccentric shaker 78
Figure 5-5 Energy 82
Figure 5-6 Energy of 0.7, 0.9, 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 Hz 83
Figure 5-7 Mode shapes of 0.4 Hz (a) Original (b) Modified 85
Figure 5-8 Mode shapes of 0.8 Hz (a) Original (b) Modified 86
Figure 5-9 Mode shapes of 1.0 Hz (a) Original (b) Modified 89
Figure 5-10 Mode shapes from 0.4 Hz to 1.2 Hz 89
Figure 5-11 Tested frequency of 0.4 Hz on 76th 90
Figure 5-12 Tested frequency of 0.7 Hz on 76th 90
Figure 5-13 Tested frequency of 1.0 Hz on 76th 91
Figure 5-14 Tested frequency of 2.0 Hz on 76th 91
Figure 5-15 Tested frequency of 3.0 Hz on 76th 91
Figure 5-16 Tested frequency of 4.0 Hz on 76th 92

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