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研究生:洪榆勝
研究生(外文):Yu-Sheng Hung
論文名稱:HIP製程對鑄造超合金Inconel718之機械性質影響
論文名稱(外文):Effects of HIP process on mechanical properties of casted Inconel 718
指導教授:李世欽李世欽引用關係
指導教授(外文):S.C. Lee
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:材料科學及工程學系碩博士班
學門:工程學門
學類:材料工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:93
語文別:中文
論文頁數:89
中文關鍵詞:英高718熱均壓
外文關鍵詞:HIPInconel 718
相關次數:
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摘要
Inconel 718鎳基超合金的主要強化機構屬於析出強化以及固溶強化,一般運用於高溫環境下,因此潛變機構對Inconel 718具有重要的影響,此外在高溫環境下也具有優良的抗氧化性質,而Inconel 718也被廣泛的運用於航太工業、核子工業、石油工業等各方面。
熱均壓製程的主要功能是減少Inconel 718內部之孔隙率,強化Inconel 718內部組織結構,減少破裂起始點,並且阻止破裂的傳播。本研究探討在熱均壓製程中控制溫度、壓力、時間這三個主要參數,求得最佳製程參數。
在研究中發現,Inconel 718機械強度降低的原因,主要來自晶界上的偏析以及Laves相的影響,為了減少偏析及Laves相在晶界上的聚集,進而影響機械強度,本研究利用HIP製程控制溫度到達1100℃以上,減少不良相,並且利用熱均壓的均質化效果,使合金元素分佈均勻。此外,由於熱均壓製程的均勻施力,使原本視為不良析出物的δ相,在晶界形成不連續分佈,具有抑制晶粒成長的功用,間接提高機械強度,使熱均壓製程效果異於其他製程。
Inconel 718的主要強化來源為γ′、γ〞相之整合(coherent)析出硬化,其中以γ〞為主要強化相,利用熱均壓製程的參數控制,使γ〞相得到大量且均勻的分佈,也藉由熱均壓的升溫使δ、Laves不良相溶解,釋出γ′、γ〞強化相所需的合金元素Nb,間接增加強化相的析出數量,提升Inconel 718機械強度。
研究結果發現HIP製程可以有效提高Inconel 718的抗拉強度、硬度、延性等機械性質,並且降低內部密閉孔隙與缺陷,抑制晶粒成長,並使材料性質均勻。本熱均壓製程研究所得的最佳製程參數為:1180℃、1750bar、4h。
Abstract
Inconel 718 Ni-base superalloys are mainly strengthened by precipitates and solute additions, and are produced in various forms suitable for application at high temperature, where creep and fatigue are important mechanisms of deformation. Based on its good strength combined with an excellent resistance to oxidation at elevated temperatures, alloy 718 is most widely used in aerospace , nuclear and petrochemical industries.
Hot Isostatic Pressing via main function to reduce Inconel 718 inside porosity rate, strengthen Inconel 718 inside structure, reduce fatigue starting point, and prevent the transmission of crack, control Hot Isostatic Pressing via three main parameters of temperature、pressure , time, try to get and make a parameter bestly.
In the research finding, Reduce the influence that the mechanical intensity of Inconel 718 is leant segregation and Laves phase on the grain boundary, in order to reduce segregation and Laves phase gathering on grain boundary, reduce the mechanical intensity, this research utilizes HIP via to control temperature and reach more than 1100℃,dispel unfavorable precipitate phase, and utilize the homogenizing of HIP via, make the alloying element distributed evenly, in addition, even application of force because of HIP via, originally regarded as δ of bad precipitate phase, take shape and distribute discontinously in grain boundary, have function of suppressing grain growth, improve the mechanical intensity indirectly, make HIP via result different in other via.
The coherent precipitation of γ' andγ" are the main phases that strengthen the Inconel 718, especially theγ'. By the control of parameters during HIP Processes, massive and uniform precipitation ofγ' will be available. As we know that the niobium is a key element needed to precipitate the strengthen phaseγ' andγ". During a HIP process, high temperature will cause harmful phases that contain niobium to be dissolved and more strengthen phases can be formed. Thus the strength of Inconel 718 can be further improved.
In this study, HIP can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of Inconel 718 effectively, reduce the porosity and defects, and suppress the growth in gain size is reported. The best parameter of HIP process found in this paper was 1180℃, 1750bar and kept in 4 hours.
總目錄
中文摘要.....................................I
英文摘要.............................................III
總目錄.......................................V
圖目錄......................................IX
表目錄....................................XIII
第一章 前言..................................1
第二章 文獻回顧.......................................3
2-1 合金組成元素及作用.................................3
2-2 合金組織及影響 .....................................5
2-3 合金強化機構及理論................................10
2-3-1 γ〞、γ′析出硬化..............................10
2-3-2 基地固溶強化 .................................10
2-3-2 晶界析出強化 .................................10
2-4 熱均壓技術........................................11
2-4-1 熱均壓原理....................................12
2-4-2 熱均壓去除孔隙過程............................12
2-4-3 熱均壓構造....................................14
2-4-4 熱均壓過程....................................17
2-5 理論探討..........................................19
2-5-1 氣孔的穩定....................................20
2-5-2 晶粒尺寸對機械強度的影響......................19
2-5-3 影響Inconel 718機械性質的可能因素.............20
第三章 實驗方法.............................22
3-1 試片製作..........................................26
3-2 熱處理............................................28
3-2-1 固溶處理......................................28
3-2-2 時效處理......................................28
3-3 熱均壓製程........................................29
3-4 機械性質測試......................................29
3-4-1 硬度測試 ....................................29
3-4-2 常溫拉伸測試 .................................29
3-4-3 孔隙率測試....................................30
3-4-4 微結構觀察....................................31
3-4-5 晶粒大小量測 .................................31
3-4-6 掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察及成分分析................32
3-4-8 XRD成分分析...................................32
第四章 實驗結果..............................33
4-1 微結構組織........................................33
4-1-1 熱均壓不同溫度製程的微結構....................39
4-1-2 熱均壓不同壓力製程的微結構....................43
4-1-3 熱均壓不同時間製程的微結構....................47
4-2 拉伸試驗..........................................51
4-2-1 抗拉強度......................................51
4-2-2 伸長率........................................56
4-2-3 破斷面觀察....................................56
4-3 硬度試驗..........................................62
4-4 孔隙率(porosity)..................................66
4-5 XRD繞射............................................69
4-6 EPMA分析...........................................74
第五章 結果討論......................................77
5-1 熱均壓溫度參數對Inconel 718性質的影響.............77
5-2 熱均壓壓力參數對Inconel 718性質的影響 ............78
5-3 熱均壓時間參數對Inconel 718性質的影響 ............79
5-4 熱均壓製程對Inconel 718性質的影響.................80
第六章 結論...........................................83
參考文獻.............................................85
誌謝........................................88
參考文獻
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