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研究生:楊淞富
研究生(外文):Song-Fu Yang
論文名稱:深耕翻轉與酸洗對污染農地中重金屬之去除效率及肥力之影響
論文名稱(外文):Removal efficiency and soil fertility of heavy metal-polluted farmlands after soil turn-over dilution and soil acid wash
指導教授:高銘木高銘木引用關係
指導教授(外文):Ming-Muh Kao
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:環境工程學系碩博士班
學門:工程學門
學類:環境工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:93
語文別:中文
論文頁數:128
中文關鍵詞:重金屬翻轉土壤肥力酸洗化學萃取
外文關鍵詞:heavy metalsturn-overacid washingfertility
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:22
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  • 下載下載:118
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:2
  隨著「土壤及地下水污染整治法」頒佈,近年來各縣市環保局開始著手受重金屬污染農田之整治。現今環保署對於遭重金屬鉻、銅、鎳、鋅污染之農地,採「土壤翻土混合稀釋法」處理,對於遭重金屬鎘、汞污染及污染濃度較高地區之農地,可採「土壤酸洗法」或「熱處理法」處理;本研究以受重金屬污染之農田,經過土壤翻轉混合稀釋法與土壤酸洗法整治之後,針對其土壤基本性質與肥力分析。

  結果顯示經過0.05M鹽酸酸洗後,土壤中有機質、氮、磷、有效鉀含量分別降低6.3%、7.7%、1.2%及27%,總鉀、有效氮、有效磷則增加43.7%、12.5%、112.3%。而在翻轉整治之農地方面,中粗質地土壤中的有機質、氮、磷、鉀含量均上升,分別為102%、66.7%、13.2%及7.2%;其他質地較細之農地土壤中有機質、總氮含量大幅度減少,總磷及總鉀含量則增高。經過翻轉整治後肥力降低之農地,分別經過糞肥與液肥補充後,土壤中的有機質、氮、磷及鉀均明顯的增加。但因為糞肥中可溶性鹽類較高,造成土壤中導電度上升,為後續施肥應用上應注意之重點。在肥料施用量估算上,因使用氮素損失率作為估算準則,因而造成土壤中磷素過高之現象。經過整治後之種子發芽率試驗,發現整治後未肥力改善之土壤較受重金屬污染之土壤稍佳。在經過肥力恢復後,本研究中四筆地號之種子發芽率均大幅提昇,結果顯示在經過施肥後有助於地主後續耕種。
 During the beginning of the Soil and Groundwater Pollution Fund operation, many mechanisms and policies are still under planning and amendment. Considering the pollution property, improving schedule, and remediation effectiveness, the EPA will apply “Soil Turn-over Dilution” to the chromium, copper, nickel, and zinc-polluted farmlands and “Soil Acid Wash ” or ”Thermal Treatment ” to the cadmium and mercury ones. In this study, we evaluated the variation of physical properties and fertility of heavy metal-polluted farmlands after soil turn-over dilution and soil acid wash.

 The results after acid-washing indicated the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and available potassium of soils were decreased 6.3%, 7.7%, 1.2% and 27%, respectively. But the total potassium, available nitrogen and available phosphorous of soils were increased 43.7%, 12.5% and 112.3%. In the turn-over sites, we found the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium of soils was increased 102%, 66.7%, 13.2% and 7.2%. And in the other fine soils, the organic matter and total nitrogen were decreased substantially but the total phosphorous and potassium were increased. After we added excrement and liquid fertilizer to the farmlands after turn-over, we found the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium of soils was increased significantly. But we must deserve to be mentioned on the soluble salts content of excrement fertilizer might too high and cause the conductivity increased suddenly. On the estimation of fertilizer-applying, we used nitrogen loss percent to be the calculated criterion, it might cause the phosphorous of soils exceeding. In the seed germination tests of the farmlands after remediation, the results showed the germination percentage was increased significantly to benefit cultivation follow-up.
目錄
中文摘要......................................Ⅰ
英文摘要......................................Ⅱ
致謝..........................................Ⅳ
目錄..........................................Ⅴ
表目錄........................................Ⅸ
圖目錄......................................ⅩⅠ
第一章 前言...................................1
1-1 研究緣起..................................1
1-2 研究目的與內容 ............................2
第二章 文獻回顧...............................3
2-1 台灣地區土壤重金屬污染之相關研究..........3
2-1-1 重金屬對環境之影響......................3
2-1-2 台灣地區土壤重金屬污染來源..............5
2-1-3 台灣地區土壤污染調查回顧................9
2-2重金屬於土壤中之滯留......................14
2-2-1 土壤基本性質對重金屬吸附性之影響.......14
2-2-2 重金屬在土壤中之反應...................15
2-3 重金屬污染整治技術.......................17
2-4 重金屬污染農地現場整治工程...............22
2-4-1 土壤酸洗技術...........................22
2-4-2土壤翻土混合稀釋法......................23
2-4-3 重金屬化學萃取影響因子.................25
2-5 土壤肥力復育.............................27
2-5-1 施肥基本理論...........................27
2-5-2 肥料礦化特性...........................31
第三章 材料與方法............................35
3-1 污染場址概述.............................35
3-1-1 污染場址概述...........................35
3-2 供試土壤之採集與前處理...................36
3-2-1 土壤採樣方法...........................36
3-2-2 翻轉場址整治前之採樣分析...............36
3-2-3 酸洗場址整治前之採樣分析...............37
3-2-4 樣品前處理.............................38
3-3 實驗設備與方法...........................39
3-3-1 實驗設備與藥品.........................39
3-3-2 實驗設計...............................40
3-3-3 不同萃取液對重金屬之等溫萃取實驗.......42
3-3-4 酸洗後土壤pH值改良評估.................42
3-3-5 孵育試驗...............................43
3-3-6 累積種子發芽測定實驗...................43
3-4 分析方法.................................44
3-4-1 土壤基本性質分析.......................44
3-4-2 土壤中肥力分析.........................49
3-4-3 土壤中重金屬含量分析...................52
第四章 結果與討論............................54
4-1 整治前土壤中重金屬含量分析...............54
4-1-1 整治前土壤基本理化性質分析.............54
4-1-2 翻轉場址整治前污染濃度分析.............57
4-1-3 酸洗場址整治前污染濃度分析.............58
4-2 污染改善成效評估.........................60
4-2-1 不同萃取劑對重金屬之等溫酸萃取試驗.....60
4-2-2 翻轉場址現場整治成果...................63
4-2-3酸洗場址現場整治成果....................64
4-3 整治後之土壤地力評估.....................65
4-3-1 整治後土壤基本理化性質分析.............65
4-3-2 整治後土壤肥力分析.....................68
4-3-3 等溫酸萃取試驗土壤肥力變化.............76
4-4 整治後之肥力恢復及改善...................79
4-4-1 酸洗後土壤pH值改良評估.................79
4-4-2 整治後土壤肥力恢復評估.................80
4-4-3土壤肥力恢復後適栽性評估................99
第五章 結論與建議...........................103
5-1 結論....................................103
5-2 建議....................................104
參考文獻....................................105
附錄一......................................120
自述........................................128
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