臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘 要

在室溫及酸性條件下，以四乙氧基矽酸鹽 (TEOS) 與三甲氧基乙烯基矽酸鹽 (TMVS) 作為共同矽源，分別使用三嵌段高分子 Pluronic F127 與溴化16基三乙氧基銨 (CTEABr) 作為主要模板試劑，以直接合成法製備結構排列整齊、具有立方、中孔洞並含有乙烯官能基的二氧化矽材料 FDU-12 (Fm3m) 與 SBA-1 (Pm3n)。

乙烯官能基的含量可藉由固態 13C 與 29Si 核磁共振光譜加以證明。而相較於直接合成乙烯官能基化的SBA-15，乙烯官能基化的 FDU-12 與 SBA-1 其乙烯官能基含量分別可達到 30 % 與 25 % 而不會對中孔洞立方結構造成損壞或無法控制的相轉變。

乙烯官能基化 FDU-12 其C=C雙鍵可輕易吸附 Methyl methacrylate (MMA) 而在孔洞中進行高分子聚合反應。

乙烯官能基化 SBA-1 的中孔洞結構在 HCl/EtOH 溶劑萃取處理下較純 SBA-1 來得規則而穩定。

Abstract

Direct synthesis of well-ordered cubic mesoporous silicas FDU-12 (Fm3m) and SBA-1 (Pm3n) with vinyl functionality were direct-synthesized via room temperature co-condensation of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and trimethoxyvinylsilane (TMVS) major templated with tri-block copolymer Pluronic F127 and cetyltriethylammonium bromide (CTEABr) under acidic conditions, respectively, has been achieved.

Qualitative evidence of the presence of chemically attached vinyl moieties was provided by solid-state 13C and 29Si NMR. In contrast to the direct synthesis of vinyl-functionalized SBA-15, the concentration of TMVS that co-condensed with TEOS could be up to 30% and 20% without observing significant loss in the long-range mesostructural ordering and uncontrollable phase transformation of the vinyl-functionalized FDU-12 and SBA-1, respectively.

The C=C double bonds of vinyl groups on v-FDU-12 are readily accessible to adsorbed methylmethacrylate (MMA) to induce polymerization within the mesopores.

Vinyl-functionalized SBA-1 materials have a better ordered and stable structure towards the treatment with the solvent extraction (HCl/EtOH) than the pure silica SBA-1 without any functionality.

目 錄

中文摘要 ........................................................................................... I
英文摘要 ........................................................................................... II
致謝 ................................................................................................... III
目錄 ................................................................................................... IV
圖目錄 ............................................................................................... IX
表目錄 ............................................................................................... XII
第一章︰引言 ................................................................................... 1
1-1. 觸媒簡介 ............................................................................. 1
1-2. 界面活性劑簡介 ................................................................. 2
1-3. 微胞的形成與種類 ............................................................. 4
1-4. 中孔洞分子篩的歷史與發展 ............................................. 5
1-5. SBA-1 簡介 ......................................................................... 10
1-6. FDU-12 簡介 ....................................................................... 11
1-7. 官能基化中孔洞分子篩簡介 ............................................. 13
1-8. 研究動機與目的 ................................................................. 15
第二章︰實驗 ................................................................................... 17
2-1. 藥品 ..................................................................................... 17
2-2. 實驗步驟 ............................................................................ 18
2-2.1. 合成 v-FDU-12-X ....................................................... 18
2-2.2. 以溶劑萃取法移除 v-FDU-12-X 孔洞中的模板 .... 19
2-2.3. 以 v-FDU-12-X 與 MMA 進行高分子聚合反應 .. 20
2-2.4. 合成界面活性劑 CTEABr ......................................... 22
2-2.5. 合成 N_v-SBA-1-X .................................................... 23
2-2.6. 以溶劑萃取法移除 N_v-SBA-1-X 孔洞中的模板 24
2-3. 鑑定 ..................................................................................... 25
2-3.1. X光繞射 ...................................................................... 25
2-3.2. 氮氣吸脫附等溫曲線、表面積 與孔洞特性鑑定 ..... 25
2-3.3. 固態核磁共振 ............................................................. 27
2-3.4. 熱重分析 ..................................................................... 28
2-3.5. 穿透式電子顯微技術 ................................................. 29
2-3.6. 掃描式電子顯微技術 ................................................. 29
2-3.7. 紅外線光譜儀 …………............................................. 30
第三章︰結果與討論 ....................................................................... 31
3-1. v-FDU-12-X .......................................................................... 31
3-1.1. XRD .............................................................................. 31
3-1.2. 氮氣等溫吸脫附曲線與孔洞性質 ............................. 35
3-1.3. 13C、29Si 與 1H 固態核磁共振光譜 .......................... 37
3-1.4. 熱重分析 ................................................................... 43
3-1.5. SEM 與 TEM .............................................................. 45
3-1.6. FT-IR 紅外線光譜 ...................................................... 46
3-1.7. PMMA-FDU-12 之 XRD ............................................ 49
3-1.8. PMMA-FDU-12 之氮氣等溫吸脫附曲線
與孔洞分析 .................................................................. 50
3-1.9. PMMA-FDU-12 之核磁共振光譜 ............................. 51
3-1.10. PMMA-FDU-12 之熱重分析 ................................... 53
3-2. N_v-SBA-1-X ........................................................................ 55
3-2.1. 460_v-SBA-1-X 之 XRD ............................................ 55
3-2.2. 230_v-SBA-1-X 之 XRD ............................................ 57
3-2.3. v-SBA-1-X 的氮氣等溫吸脫附曲線圖與孔洞性質 . 60
3-2.4. 13C、29Si 與 1H 固態核磁共振光譜 ........................... 63
3-2.5. FT-IR 紅外線光譜 ...................................................... 68
3-2.6. 熱重分析 ..................................................................... 70
3-2.7. SEM ............................................................................... 72
第四章︰結論 ................................................................................... 73
參考文獻 ........................................................................................... 74
補充資料 ........................................................................................... 82

附錄 A︰SIMPSON
Simulation of Solid State NMR experiment .................. 83
A-1. SIMPSON 簡介 ............................................................. 83
A-2. 研究目的與動機 ........................................................... 83
A-3. 安裝 ............................................................................... 84
A-3.1. cygwin + SIMPSON 1.1.0 .................................... 85
A-3.2. SIMPSON 1.1.1 (Windows Installer) ...................... 91
A-4. 執行模擬與觀看結果 ................................................... 92
A-4.1. 檔案格式與資料結構 ........................................... 92
A-4.2. 模擬運算 ............................................................... 93
A-4.3. 觀看結果 ............................................................... 93
A-5. 範例 ............................................................................... 95
A-5.1. 範例檔案的取得與瀏覽 ....................................... 95
A-5.2模擬 13C-15N REDOR .............................................. 97
A-6. 參考文獻 ....................................................................... 103
附錄 B︰固態高分子電解質薄膜 ............................................. 105
B-1. 引言 ............................................................................... 105
B-2. 研究動機 ....................................................................... 108
B-3. 實驗 ............................................................................... 108
B-3.1. F127 + Brij 58 系列 .............................................. 108
B-3.2. F127 + Brij 78 系列 .............................................. 109
B-4. 結果與討論 ................................................................... 110
B-4.1. XRD ......................................................................... 110
B-4.2. 交流阻抗分析 ....................................................... 112
B-4.3. 示差掃描卡計 ....................................................... 117
B-5. 結論 ............................................................................... 119
B-6. 參考文獻 ....................................................................... 120
附錄 C︰SH官能基化 SBA-1 ................................................... 121
C-1. 實驗步驟 ....................................................................... 121
C-1.1. 合成 SH-SBA-1-X ................................................ 121
C-1.2.溶劑萃取法移除 SH-SBA-1-X 孔洞中之模板 ... 121
C-2. 實驗結果 ....................................................................... 121
C-2.1. XRD ........................................................................ 121
C-2.2. 氮氣等溫吸脫附曲線圖與孔洞性質 ................... 124
C-2.3. FT-IR ....................................................................... 125
C-2.4. NMR ........................................................................ 126
附錄 D︰SH 官能基化 SBA-1 加醣 (D-Fructose) ................. 127
D-1. 實驗步驟 ....................................................................... 127
D-1.1. 合成 SH-SBA-1-X_D-HT-Ht ................................ 127
D-1.2. 溶劑萃取法移除 SH-SBA-1-X_D-HT-Ht
孔洞中之模板 ...................................................... 127
D-2. 實驗結果 ....................................................................... 127
D-2.1. SH-SBA-1-X_1.3D-8h50-1h100 之XRD
與性質列表 .......................................................... 127
D-2.2.1. SH-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之XRD
與性質列表 ........................................................ 130
D-2.2.2. SH-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之
13C CP/MAS NMR .............................................. 132
D-2.2.3. SH-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之
29Si CP/MAS NMR ............................................. 132
D-2.2.4. SH-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之
29Si MAS NMR ................................................... 133
D-2.3. SH-SBA-1-X_1.3D-48hRT-1h100 之XRD
與性質列表 ........................................................ 134
D-2.4. SH-SBA-1-X_2.35D-8h50-1h130 之XRD
與性質列表 ........................................................ 136
附錄 E︰乙烯官能基化 SBA-1 加醣 (D-Fructose) ................ 138
E-1. 實驗步驟 ....................................................................... 138
E-1.1. 合成 v-SBA-1-X_D-HT-Ht ................................... 138

E-1.2. 溶劑萃取法移除 v-SBA-1-X_D-HT-Ht
孔洞中之模板 ...................................................... 138

E-2. 實驗結果 ....................................................................... 138
E-2.1. v-SBA-1-X_1.3D-8h50-1h100 之XRD
與性質列表 .......................................................... 138
E-2.2.1. v-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之XRD
與性質列表 ........................................................ 141
E-2.2.2. v-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之
13C CP/MAS NMR .............................................. 143
E-2.2.3. v-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之
29Si CP/MAS NMR ............................................. 143
E-2.2.4. v-SBA-1-X_1.3D-24hRT-1h100 之
29Si MAS NMR ................................................... 144
E-2.3. v-SBA-1-X_2.35D-8h50-1h130 之XRD
與性質列表 ........................................................ 145

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