臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來，隨著製造成本降低與電力電子元件普及化，今日無刷直流馬達之應用已廣達航空、車輛及家用電氣相關產品；藉由替代有刷直流馬達之機械式換相器，無刷直流馬達擁有低雜音、壽命長、高效率及無保養之優點。唯無刷馬達在驅動時，必須偵測馬達轉子的位置，方可正確驅動電子開關進行換相，故昔知無刷直流馬達多由霍爾元件偵測轉子位置，故轉子感測器之壽命與成本實為必須考量之重要因素。本文以偵測反電動勢訊號為轉子位置訊號基礎，經由適當濾波處理及補償相角後，判斷無刷直流馬達轉子之確切位置，並將相角補償配合轉速操作範圍取出最佳換相位置，進而驅動電力電子開關，達成無感測驅動無刷直流馬達，最後以兩型國內製造之中小型無刷直流馬達進行實驗驗證，再以數位訊號處理器完成相關之運算處理，期能提供相關工業之驅動技術參考。

As the reduction in manufacture costs and popularity of power electronic devices in the recent years, today brushless DC motors have been employed for applications in aerospace, automotives, and home electronic products. By replacing the mechanical commutator in brush DC motors, brushless DC motors have been known for their advantages in low noise, long life, high efficiency, and maintenance free. However, brushless DC Motors have to rely on detecting rotor position for properly initiating the electronic commutation; hence, Hall elements are commonly employed for detection of rotor position whereas the life cycle and costs have become an important factor in applications. In this thesis, detection of rotor position for brushless DC motor has been implemented via back EMF monitoring which adopted pre-filters and phase-angle compensators so that the correct rotor position could be determined. Furthermore, compensation of phase-angle versus operational speeds have been established for adjusting the optimal commutation angles. The commutation angles were then used for the trigger signals on the power electronic switches to drive the brushless DC motors. Finally, two commercial models were employed for experimental verifications and comparisons on the proposed method which was implemented on a digital signal processor. Hopefully, the results can contribute valuable information for the industrial drive technology.

第一章 簡介 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 文獻回顧 1
1.3 研究目的 4

第二章 無刷直流馬達基本理論 9
2.1 無刷直流馬達簡介 9
2.2 無刷直流馬達數學模式 10
2.2.1 d-q數學模式 10
2.2.2 馬達數學模式 12
2.3 無感測器驅動原理 14
2.3.1 反電動勢檢測驅動 16
2.3.2 零轉速起動驅動模式 16

第三章 驅動電路設計與分析 24
3.1 三相六步變頻電路 24
3.1.1 上下臂驅動電路 25
3.1.2 變頻器驅動策略 26
3.2 轉子位置檢測電路 26
3.2.1 類比濾波電路 27
3.2.2 濾波電路設計 28
3.3 相角補償與零起動 31
3.3.1 轉速與相角補償 31
3.3.2 馬達參數與零起動 32

第四章 實驗結果與分析 43
4.1 實驗設備 43
4.1.1 數位訊號處理器 44
4.1.2 無刷直流馬達 45
4.2 實驗規劃 46
4.3 實驗結果 47

第五章 結論與未來工作 62
5.1 結論與討論 62
5.2 未來工作 63

參考文獻 65

附錄 66
附錄A 電磁場分析理論介紹 66
附錄B 二維靜磁場分析結果 69

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