臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

蝦類養殖為國內相當重要的水產養殖項目之一，養蝦所排放的高濃度有機污泥必須經過適當處理以避免對環境造成污染，我們若能將有機物處理後回收再利用，則可達到節約能源和降低成本的目的。
本研究將厭氧消化槽控制在水解酸化階段，探討養蝦有機固體廢物經水解酸化處理所需的最適反應時間，並了解固體物中各成分 (粗蛋白、粗脂質、碳水化合物) 等分解速率的差異，以及各種分解產物(BOD、TAN) 濃度變化的情形。
試驗結果顯示，在反應時間達168小時後，懸浮固體物的去除率達45.76 ±0.11 %，揮發性懸浮固體物的去除率可達73.30 ±0.15 %。污泥中有機物質成分的分解率大小依序為碳水化合物＞粗蛋白＞粗脂質；試驗過程分解產物中溶解性有機碳/氮的比值約在4-5之間，在反應時間到達168小時有最高的碳氮比值 ( 5.34 ±0.04 )。

The shrimp culture is a very important aquaculture industry in our country. The high concentration of organic sludge produced by shrimp will cause environmental pollution. It will save energy resource and reduce cost if we can recycle organic sludge.
In present study, we control the anaerobic digestion tank under the hydrolysis and acidogenesis conditions to investigate the most suitable reaction time of organic solid waste to deal with hydrolysis and acidogenesis. Besides, the difference of dissolution efficiency for various solid components (carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid) and the variation of products (BOD, total ammonia nitrogen) concentrations during the experimental period were also determined.
The results show that 45.76 ±0.11 % of suspended solids and 73.30 ±0.15 % of volatile suspended solids can be removed at reaction time of 168 hr. Dissolution efficiency of organic matter components in sludge is in the order of carbohydrate＞crude protein＞crude lipid. The carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio in the products is between 4 to 5. It was the highest carbon/nitrogen ratio (5.34 ±0.04) at reaction time of 168 hr.

謝辭………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………Ⅲ
目錄………………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
表目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅶ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅷ
第一章 前言………………………………………………………………1
第二章 文獻回顧…………………………………………………………3
2.1 養蝦產業……………………………………………………………3
2.2 循環水養殖系統……………………………………………………4
2.3 零換水生物安全性養蝦系統……………………………………...4
2.4 養蝦廢物之產生……………………………………………………5
2.5 有機固體物之處理機制……………………………………………6
2.6 影響有機物水解酸化反應速率的因素……………………………8
2.7 影響污泥成分分解速率的因素……………………………….….12
2.8 資源回收再利用……………………………………………….….13
第三章 材料與方法…………………………………………………….15
3.1 實驗污泥……………………………………………………….15
3.2 培養菌種……………………………………………………….15
3.3 厭氧消化系統………………………………………………….….15
3.4 實驗流程……………………………………………………….….16
3.5 計算方法……………………………………………………….….16
3.6 檢測分析方法………………………………………………….….17
第四章 結果…………………………………………………………….19
4.1 反應時間對pH值之影響………………………………………….19
4.2 反應時間對ORP值的影響…………………………………….….19
4.3 反應時間對懸浮固體物(SS)分解率之影響……………………..19
4.4 反應時間對揮發性懸浮固體物(VSS)分解率之影響……………20
4.5 反應時間對粗蛋白分解率之影響…………………………….….20
4.6 反應時間對粗脂質分解率之影響…………………………….….21
4.7 反應時間對碳水化合物分解率之影響……………………….….21
4.8 反應時間對溶解性有機碳濃度之影響……………………….….22
4.9 反應時間對氨氮濃度之影響………………………………….….22
4.10 反應時間對有機氮濃度之影響…………………………………22
4.11 反應時間對總氮濃度的影響……………………………………23
4.12 懸浮固體物成分變化……………………………………………23
4.13 溶解性碳氮比例(C/N)…………………………………………..23
第五章 討論…………………………………………………………….24
5.1 厭氧消化環境條件的控制…………………………………….….24
5.2 反應時間對消化效率的影響……………………………………..25
5.3 養蝦污泥中各組成分之分解率…………………………………..26
5.4 養蝦污泥分解時，溶解性碳、氮化合物之增生率……………..27
5.5 反應動力學模式之探討……………………………………….….28
5.6 水解酸化產物的應用……………………………………………..29
5.7 養蝦污泥水解酸化槽設計………………………………………..29
第六章 結論與建議…………………………………………………….30
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………46

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