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研究生:張俊哲
研究生(外文):Jun-Je Chang
論文名稱:“TAIWAN2000-2003”深海生物航次採獲之寄居蟹分類研究
論文名稱(外文):Deep-sea hermit crabs of the "TAIWAN 2000-2003" cruises
指導教授:陳天任陳天任引用關係
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:海洋生物研究所
學門:自然科學學門
學類:海洋科學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2004
畢業學年度:93
語文別:中文
論文頁數:158
中文關鍵詞:寄居蟹分類
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:3
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  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:2
摘要

台灣四面環海並形成多樣化的底質棲地,生物相理應相當豐富,台灣的寄居蟹在過去的調查研究報告中有5科16屬57種,但採集調查方式大都以潛水及徒手採集為主。唯近年來由於台灣深海生物採集技術的發展,不少以往沒有發現過的種類或新記錄屬的寄居蟹被採獲,本研究便是針對“TAIWAN 2000-2003”深海生物航次新採獲的種類作詳細的分類探討。其中共發現4科17屬39種,最深有採獲寄居蟹的深度更達3517公尺,其中有8屬27種為台灣新記錄,合計為4科24屬84種,為以往所記錄種類的1.5倍。本論文詳細描述各種之形態特徵、體色、同種異名、地理及垂直分佈等相關資料外,並附上彩色圖片和重要特徵之線繪圖,製作所採獲寄居蟹之各科、屬、種的檢索,建立一套較完整之基礎資料,以作為日後相關研究之參考。
本研究更發現“TAIWAN 2000-2003”深海生物航次採獲之寄居蟹類在水平分佈模式中以花東海盆的13屬27種(69%)為最多,沖繩海槽12屬21種(54%)次之,南中國海盆10屬15種(38%)為最低。在垂直模式中以201-1000m的深度為主。另外若將台灣寄居蟹類相與印度-西太平洋其他地區進行多樣性及相似性程度比較後可發現,台灣目前共記錄的5科24屬84種寄居蟹,約佔全世界寄居蟹總屬數的34%,總種數的13%,佔印度-西太平洋總屬數的53%,總種數的25% 位居第三(澳洲5科29屬136種最為豐富,中國5科19屬92種次之),而在相似性程度上則與日本(離散係數0.225)最為相似,依次為中國(離散係數0.267)、泰國(離散係數0.293)。
此外,與鄰近的國家的寄居蟹類相比較,發現台灣有許多棲息於200公尺以淺、珊瑚礁的種類屬別在台灣仍未被發現,因此若以印度-馬來亞區為種源中心判斷,台灣的屬種數應不會低於澳洲的29屬136種寄居蟹的記錄,即約有三分之一的種類仍未被發現,因此未來如能更積極的進行相關研究與採集,相信在台灣如此多樣化的淺海環境,可以建立出更加豐富的台灣寄居蟹種類相資料。
Abstract

Hermit crabs collected from the “TAIWAN 2000-2003” cruises consist of 4 families, 17 genera and 39 species. Amongst them 8 genera and 27 species are new records of Taiwan. The deep-sea hermit crabs of the “TAIWAN 2000-2003” cruises have 27 species (69%) collected from the Huatung basin, 21 species (54%) from the Okinawa Trough and 15 species (38%) from the South China Sea. The hermit crabs of the “TAIWAN 2000-2003” cruises were generally collected from 201-1000 m deep. Altogether, 5 families, 24 genera and 84 species of hermit crabs are new known in Taiwan. This constitutes 13% of the world species and 25% of the Indo-West Pacific species. From NT-SYS analysis, the hermit crab fauna of Taiwan is most similar to that of Japan.
目錄
一、前言 1
二、材料與方法 4
(一)材料 4
1.標本採集 4
(二)研究方法 5
1.標本處理 5
2.種類鑑定 5
3.分類敘述 5
4.動物地理分布 6
(1)臺灣寄居蟹的分佈模式 6
(2)臺灣寄居蟹類相的多樣性及與印度-西太平洋其他地區相似性 7
三、結果 8
(一)分類敘述 8
蓋螯寄居蟹科 Family Pylochelidae Bate, 1888 9
蓋螯寄居蟹屬 Genus Pylocheles Forest, 1986 9
莫氏蓋螯寄居蟹Pylocheles mortenseni Boas, 1926 10
缺刻蓋螯寄居蟹Pylocheles incisus Forest, 1986 11
覆螯寄居蟹屬Genus Pomatocheles Stebbing, 1914 12
傑氏覆螯寄居蟹Pomatocheles jeffreysii Miers, 1879 13
活額寄居蟹科Family Diogenidae Ortmann, 1892 15
長眼寄居蟹屬Genus Paguristes Dana, 1851 15
突腕長眼寄居蟹Paguristes acanthomerus Ortmann, 1892 16
白點長眼寄居蟹Paguristes albimaculatus Komai, 2001 18
海葵長眼寄居蟹Paguristes palythophilus Ortmann, 1892 19
光裸長眼寄居蟹Paguristes seminudus Stimpson, 1858 21
三宅長眼寄居蟹Pagurestes miykei Forest & McLauhlin, 1998 22
銼指寄居蟹屬Genus Strigopagurus Forest, 1995 23
溝紋銼指寄居蟹Strigopagurus boreonotus Forest, 1995 24
真寄居蟹屬Genus Dardanus Paulson, 1875 25
鱗片真寄居蟹Dardanus arrosor (Herbst, 1796) 26
寄居蟹科Family Paguridae Latreille, 1802 28
盲眼寄居蟹屬Genus Chanopagurus Lemaitre, 2003 28
雪白盲眼寄居蟹Chanopagurus atopos Lemaitre, 2003 29
像寄居蟹屬Genus Icelopagurus Mclaughlin, 1997 30
柯氏像寄居蟹Icelopagurus corsnieri Mclaughlin, 1997 30
短管寄居蟹屬Genus Parapagurodes McLaughlin & Haig, 1973 32
道氏短管寄居蟹Parapagurodes doederleini Doflein, 1902 32
長腳寄居蟹屬Genus Michelopagurus McLaughlin, 1997 33
崔氏長腳寄居蟹Michelopagurus chacei McLaughlin, 1997 34
細緻長腳寄居蟹Michelopagurus limaturus (Henderson, 1888) 35
深海擬寄居蟹屬Genus Bathpaguropsis McLaughlin, 1994 36
卡氏深海擬寄居蟹Bathpaguropsis karoshioeusis McLaughlin, 1994 37
寄居蟹屬Genus Pagurus Fabricius, 1775 38
細毛寄居蟹Pagurus confucus Komai & Yu, 1999 39
前寄居蟹屬Genus Propagurus McLaughlin & de Saint Laurent, 1998 40
鈍額前寄居蟹Propagurus obtusifron (Ortmann, 1892) 41
賀氏前寄居蟹Propagurus haigae McLaughlin, 1997 43
三宅前寄居蟹Propagurus miyakei (Baba, 1986) 44
擬寄居蟹科Family Parapaguridae Smith,1882 47
突眼擬寄居蟹屬Genus Strobopagurus Lemaitre, 1989 47
東方突眼擬寄居蟹Strobopagurus sibogae (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 48
纖細突眼擬寄居蟹Strobopagurus gracilipes (A. Milne Edwards, 1891) 50
同擬寄居蟹屬Genus Sympagurus Smith, 1888 52
毛螯同擬寄居蟹Sympagurus planimanus (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 53
近親同擬寄居蟹Symapgurus affinis (Henderson, 1888) 54
短刺同擬寄居蟹Sympagurus brevipes (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 56
陳氏同擬寄居蟹Sympagurus chani Lemaitre, 2004 58
布氏同擬寄居蟹Sympagurus burkenroadi Thompson, 1943 59
三刺同寄居蟹Sympagurus trispinosus (Balss, 1911) 61
長腳擬寄居蟹屬Genus Oncopagurus Lemaitre, 1996 63
紅斑長腳擬寄居蟹Oncopagurus indicus (Alcock, 1905) 63
東方長腳擬寄居蟹Oncopagurus orientalis (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 65
鞭刺寄居蟹屬Genus Paragiopagurus Lemaitre, 1996 67
蘑茹鞭刺寄居蟹Paragiopagurus boletifer (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 68
雙棘鞭刺寄居蟹Paragiopagurus bicarinatus (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 69
粗毛鞭刺寄居蟹Paragiopagurus hirsutus (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 71
銳刺鞭刺寄居蟹Paragiopagurus acutus (de Saint Laurent, 1972) 72
擬寄居蟹屬Genus Parapagurus Smith, 1879 74
多刺擬寄居蟹Parapagurus microps de Saint Laurent, 1972 74
羅氏擬寄居蟹Parapagurus richeri Lemaitre, 1999 76
長腳擬寄居蟹Parapagurus furici Lemaitre, 1999 77
安氏擬寄居蟹Parapagurus andreu Macpherson, 1984 79
拉氏擬寄居蟹Parapagurus latimanus Henderson, 1888 81
(二)地理分布 84
四、討論 86
(一)深海生物航次採獲之寄居蟹類形態 86
(二)動物地理分佈 88
參考文獻 93
圖表 Tables 1-11, Figs 1-42
圖版 PL1-5
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