本研究定位在RPC 工業領域應用發展之基礎研究，主要可分為三部分：
首先，以「堆積密度」與「化學鍵結水比」作為評估堆積、水化性質之指標，探討組成材料對RPC 相關性質之影響。其次，對RPC 進行微硬度試驗並將結果與陶瓷材料比較，以確立二者之間的差距。最後，仿照陶瓷材料上釉之原理，對RPC 進行表面處理，探討不同處理材料對RPC 抗壓強度與阻止水份進入能力之影響。
水化性質之研究結果指出，RPC 內水化程度約40~55%、化學鍵結水比約30~40%，二指標均偏低。
膠結粉體之研究則結果指出，RPC 中水泥主要之貢獻在於提供水化反應所需之原料；矽灰部分，相較於水化性質，其在堆積指標上展現出較明顯的效益，其細小的粒徑可使RPC 達到緻密填充的目
標；石英粉的主要作用則是在不影響力學性質的前提下取代水泥，達到提高流動性、降低水化熱與成本的效果。另外，本研究結果並指出，除了「堆積密度」外，「化學鍵結水比」亦會對RPC 抗壓強度造成影響，此二指標可以完整地描述堆積、水化性質對RPC 力學性質之影響。
添加奈米二氧化矽(NS)於RPC 之研究則指出，NS 與SF 之結合可以有效地提升RPC 之抗壓強度達200MPa 左右，僅添加SF 則無法達到此效果。至於強度提升之機理，目前尚無法提出合理之解釋。該結果初步確認RPC 中添加奈米粉體的可行性。
微觀硬度之試驗結果則指出，RPC 之低荷重硬度約1100~1400MPa 左右，高於軟陶瓷，約為硬陶瓷之1/2；而微硬度試驗結果則指出，RPC 微結構之強度與均質性介於一般水泥材料與陶瓷材料之間。
高分子材料與RPC 之複合試驗結果指出，二者須以表面處理的方式才能複合。而以高黏度（熱固性高分子）材料表面處理後之RPC，其抗壓強度、水蒸氣擴散試驗與水吸附試驗結果均優於未表面處理之對照組；至於低黏度材料處理後之RPC 相關性質表現不如高黏度材料。本研究結果初步確認RPC表面處理之可行性。

第一章 緒論............................................................................................1
1.1 引言................................................................................................................1
1.2 研究目的........................................................................................................2
1.3 研究內容與論文架構....................................................................................3
1.4 研究前提說明................................................................................................5
第二章 文獻回顧....................................................................................6
2.1 活性粉混凝土概述........................................................................................6
2.1.1 發展歷史....................................................................................................6
2.1.2 活性粉混凝土製程機理與組成粉體........................................................8
2.1.2.1 水泥.........................................................................................................8
2.1.3 活性粉混凝土組成配比之決定..............................................................14
2.1.3 活性粉混凝土水化性質與孔隙性質......................................................17
2.1.4 力學性質與耐久性質..............................................................................21
2.1.5 未來可能應用方向與問題......................................................................26
2.2 水泥材料之微硬度試驗..............................................................................28
2.2.1 硬度試驗簡介..........................................................................................28
2.2.2 微硬度試驗與壓痕尺寸效應..................................................................29
2.2.3 水泥材料之微硬度試驗..........................................................................31
2.3 奈米粉體於水泥材料之應用......................................................................36
六
2.3.1 相關文獻概述..........................................................................................36
2.3.2 文獻整理與分析......................................................................................44
2.4 高分子材料於水泥材料之應用..................................................................45
2.4.1 應用原則與方式......................................................................................45
2.4.2 相關文獻概述..........................................................................................47
第三章 實驗計畫..................................................................................52
3.1 實驗計畫......................................................................................................52
3.1.1 實驗架構..................................................................................................52
3.1.2 實驗概述與配比設計..............................................................................52
3.2 活性粉混凝土的製程..................................................................................56
3.2.1 組成材料..................................................................................................56
3.2.2 標準拌合與養護方式..............................................................................58
3.3 堆積性質之量測與計算方式......................................................................59
3.3.1 堆積密度..................................................................................................59
3.3.2 相對密度..................................................................................................60
3.4 水化性質之量測與計算方式......................................................................61
3.4.1 化學鍵結水比........................................................................................62
3.4.2 水化程度................................................................................................64
3.5 力學性質之量測..........................................................................................65
3.6 微觀硬度性質之試驗與計算方式..............................................................67
3.6.1 表面前處理與微硬度試驗步驟..............................................................67
3.6.2 硬度值與壓痕尺寸效應之計算..............................................................67
3.7 奈米二氧化矽之添加與性能評估..............................................................68
3.7.1 「不同預處理方式下NS對水泥漿體之影響」研究變數與實驗方式
............................................................................................................................68
3.7.2「奈米二氧化矽添加量對RPC相關性質之影響」研究變數與實驗方
式........................................................................................................................70
3.8 高分子材料之添加與性能評估..................................................................71
3.8.1 「直接添加高分子材料於活性粉混凝土之可行性研究」研究變數
與試驗方式........................................................................................................71
七
3.8.2 「表面處理對活性粉混凝土性質之影響」研究變數與試驗方式......72
第四章 水灰比對活性粉混凝土相關性質之影響..............................81
4.1 水灰比對活性粉混凝土堆積性質之影響..................................................81
4.2 水灰比對活性粉混凝土水化性質之影響.................................................83
4.3 水灰比對活性粉混凝土力學性質之影響.................................................86
4.4 堆積、水化指標之意義與比較..................................................................87
4.5 結論..............................................................................................................92
第五章 膠結粉體對活性粉混凝土相關性質之影響..........................93
5.1 矽灰對活性粉混凝土相關性質之影響......................................................93
5.1.1 矽灰對流動性質之影響..........................................................................93
5.1.2 矽灰對堆積性質之影響..........................................................................94
5.1.3 矽灰對水化性質之影響..........................................................................95
5.1.4 矽灰對力學性質之影響..........................................................................96
5.1.5 矽灰影響之小結......................................................................................98
5.2 石英粉對活性粉混凝土相關性質之影響..............................................100
5.2.1 石英粉對流動性質之影響..................................................................100
5.2.2 石英粉對堆積性質之影響..................................................................101
5.2.3 石英粉對水化性質之影響..................................................................101
5.2.4 石英粉對力學性質之影響..................................................................102
5.2.5 石英粉影響之小結..............................................................................104
5.3 水泥對活性粉混凝土相關性質之影響..................................................105
5.3.1 水泥對流動性質之影響......................................................................105
5.3.2 水泥對堆積性質之影響......................................................................105
5.3.3 水泥對水化性質之影響......................................................................106
5.3.4 水泥對力學性質之影響......................................................................108
5.3.5 水泥影響之小結..................................................................................110
5.4 矽砂對活性粉混凝土相關性質之影響.................................................. 111
5.4.1 矽砂對堆積、水化與力學性質之影響.............................................. 111
5.4.2 活性粉混凝土砂漿與泥漿性質之比較..............................................114
八
5.4.3 組成粉體對抗壓強度之貢獻..............................................................122
5.5 活性粉混凝土相關性質之統計分析以及預測公式之建立..................126
5.5.1 堆積密度之統計分析............................................................................126
5.5.2 利用Aim-Goff公式模擬活性粉混凝土堆積密度.................................128
5.5.3 化學鍵結水比之統計分析....................................................................134
5.5.4 化學鍵結水比之理論分析....................................................................135
5.5.5 抗壓強度之統計分析............................................................................138
5.5.6 堆積、水化性質與活性粉混凝土抗壓強度之關係............................141
5.6 結論..........................................................................................................145
第六章 奈米二氧化矽於活性粉混凝土之應用................................146
6.1 不同預處理方式下奈米二氧化矽對水泥漿相關性質之影響................146
6.1.1 奈米二氧化矽對水泥漿堆積、水化與力學性質之影響....................146
6.1.2 奈米二氧化矽與矽灰之比較................................................................151
6.1.3 與文獻之比較........................................................................................154
6.2 奈米二氧化矽添加量對活性粉混凝土之影響........................................158
6.2.1 奈米二氧化矽對活性粉混凝土堆積、水化與力學性質之影響........158
6.2.2 奈米二氧化矽提升活性粉混凝土抗壓強度之機制............................163
6.3 討論............................................................................................................167
第七章 活性粉混凝土之微觀硬度性質............................................168
7.1 水灰比對活性粉混凝土微硬度之影響....................................................168
7.1.1 水灰比對低荷重硬度之影響................................................................168
7.1.2 水灰比對微硬度與壓痕尺寸效應(ISE)之影響....................................172
7.2 膠結粉體對活性粉混凝土低荷重硬度之影響........................................175
7.2.1 矽灰對活性粉混凝土低荷重硬度之影響............................................175
7.2.2 石英粉對活性粉混凝土低荷重硬度之影響........................................177
7.2.3 水泥對活性粉混凝土低荷重硬度之影響............................................179
7.3 膠結粉體對活性粉混凝土微硬度與壓痕尺寸效應之影響....................181
7.3.1 矽灰對活性粉混凝土微硬度與壓痕尺寸效應之影響........................181
7.3.2 石英粉對活性粉混凝土微硬度與壓痕尺寸效應之影響....................182
九
7.3.3 水泥對活性粉混凝土微硬度與壓痕尺寸效應之影響........................183
7.4 活性粉混凝土硬度性質與力學性質之關係............................................185
7.4.1 活性粉混凝土硬度值與抗壓強度之關係............................................185
7.4.2 活性粉混凝土壓痕尺寸效應之特徵....................................................190
7.4.3 膠結粉體對活性粉混凝土壓痕尺寸效應之影響................................192
7.4.4 活性粉混凝土相關性質對壓痕尺寸效應之影響.................................196
7.4.5 表面處理對活性粉混凝土壓痕尺寸效應之影響................................202
7.5 結論............................................................................................................210
第八章 高分子材料於活性粉混凝土之應用.................................... 211
8.1 直接添加高分子材料於活性粉混凝土之可行性研究............................211
8.1.1 酚醛樹脂改質前處理：乙醇添加之影響..........................................211
8.1.2 直接添加酚醛樹脂於活性粉混凝土之可行性研究..........................215
8.1.3 直接添加聚丙烯酸酯於活性粉混凝土之可行性研究......................216
8.1.4 直接添加高分子材料之問題..............................................................217
8.2 表面處理對活性粉混凝土性質之影響....................................................218
8.2.1 新養護流程時間之研究......................................................................218
8.2.2 新養護流程溫度之研究......................................................................225
8.2.3 表面處理之效率及其對活性粉混凝土抗壓強度之影響....................233
8.2.4 表面處理對活性粉混凝土耐久性質之影響........................................242
8.3 結論............................................................................................................253
第九章 結論與建議............................................................................254
9.1 結論............................................................................................................254
9.2 建議............................................................................................................256
參考文獻................................................................................................259

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