臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

學術界制度中的正當性基礎為聲望地位，因此一系所在雇用師資的選擇上，應以畢業生之聲望地位作為選擇的考量。然而在對資料的初步檢視後，卻發現以聲望地位作為雇用師資考量的現象並不十分明確。本研究根據新制度論中的概念，試圖分析在學術組織－系所－中，留美師資畢業系所聲望上的差異，藉以探討除了學術界制度要求之聲望地位外，使否仍有其他外在環境中的不同制度來源，共同地影響了一系所在雇用師資上的選擇。
運用具有跨層級特性的階層線性模型進行分析之後發現，聲望地位作為一學術組織所應遵循的正當性基礎，並沒有顯著地在人才雇用的過程中產生影響，而其他的系所層級預測變項對於系所內留美師資畢業系所聲望的差異，也沒有顯著的解釋效力。然而，本研究發現，透過學校層級與系所層級間的互動關係，會產生差異的效果程度和方向，間接地解釋了其內部系所中留美師資的差異。

The prestige status is the legitimacy in the form of academic community, therefore it should be considered the prestige status of a department that graduates belonging while meet the selection of employing a teacher. However, the selection based on the prestige status is not very clear and definite after the data was been primarily checked. According to some concepts new-institutionalism, this study analyzed the differences in prestige status among department of faculty returned from America in academic organization－department, to find if there are still any other different orders of legitimacy in external environment besides prestige status to work upon collectively the selection of recruitment..
It was found that the legitimacy based on prestige status adhered by academic community do not acts a strong character of recruitment in an analysis by cross-level model. The other departmental level predictors also haven’t a (statistics) significant effect on the difference of the prestige status among department of faculty that returned from America. This research discovered that through the process of interaction between the factors of school-level and department-level, the difference of the prestige status among department of faculty that returned from America has been explained by various degree and the direction of independent variables.

目錄
致謝…………………………………………………………………………………...Ⅴ
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………...Ⅶ
英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………...Ⅷ

第一章 導論
第一節 研究背景…………………………………………………………………….1
第二節 制度化的正當性－聲望－作為學術組織雇用人才時的考量因素……...6
第三節 不同制度所評價的正當性影響了系所雇用選擇的另外考量…………..10
第四節 研究問題…………………………………………………………………..14
第五節 論文組織架構……………………………………………………………..15

第二章 文獻回顧
第一節 系所層級…………………………………………………………………..16
一、系所的聲望地位對一系所內留美師資差異產生的影響...........................16
二、系所的其他特質對一系所內留美師資差異產生的影響…………………18
三、其他控制變數……………………………………………………………...19
第二節 學校層級…………………………………………………………………..22
一、 學校的特質對其內部系所中留美師資產生的影響……………………..22
二、 其他控制變項……………………………………………………………..23
第三節 跨層級的部分……………………………………………………………..24
一、系所與學校層級的互動，對系所內留美師資差異產生的影響………..24

第三章 研究方法
第一節 研究樣本…………………………………………………………………..28
第二節 樣本蒐集與資料處理……………………………………………………..28
一、各系所師資資料…………………………………………………………..28
二、臺灣地區大學學校、系所資訊…………………………………………..29
三、聲望等級分數……………………………………………………………..29
第三節 主要測量變數……………………………………………………………..31
一、依變項……………………………………………………………………..32
二、自變項（預測變項）...…………………………………………………...33
三、控制變項…………………………………………………………………..34
第四節 統計模型…………………………………………………………………..35

第四章 研究結果
第一節 系所內留美師資在畢業系所聲望分數上差異上的狀況與校際分佈…..42
第二節 系所層面影響因素對於留美師資差異之分析…………………………..45
一、 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異在學校層級的變異…………..…………..45
二、 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之系所層級分析…………………………46
三、 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之學校層級分析…………………………46
四、 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之系所與學校跨層級分析………………50
第三節 研究成果小結……………………………………………………………..56

第五章 研究結論與討論
第一節 研究結論…………………………………………………………………..59
一、系所層級因素對留美師資的畢業系所聲望差異的影響………………..59
二、學校層級因素對留美師資的畢業系所聲望差異的影響………………..61
三、系所與學校間跨層級的互動對留美師資的畢業系所聲望差異的影響..62
四、對系所留美師資差異影響因素的綜合分析……………………………..64
第二節 討論………………………………………………………………………..70
第三節 研究貢獻…………………………………………………………………..72
第四節 研究限制…………………………………………………………………..73

參考書目
英文文獻…………………………………………………………………………….74
中文文獻…………………………………………………………………………….77

附錄
附錄A 研究變項的描述統計……………………………………………………….79
附錄B 研究變項相關係數表.....................................................................................80
附錄C 預測模型之適合度檢定.................................................................................81
附錄D 教育部系所編碼之科系分類佔本研究樣本比例表.....................................83
附錄E 系所層級自變項（預測變項）之常態機率圖.....................……................84


表目錄

表1-1 教師畢業系所國籍分佈表................................................................................2
表1-2 各校、留美教師畢業系所分數與任職系所分數之相關係數表……………3
表1-3 不同聲望地位系所內在留美師資畢業分數上的描述統計……………...….4
表1-4 不同聲望地位系所在留美師資變異係數上的描述統計……………………4
表4-1 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之系所層級回歸分析………………………..43
表4-2 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之回歸分析………….……………………….43
表4-3 科系類別對留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之平均數檢定.………………….44
表4-4 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之隨機效果分析模式結果.………………….45
表4-5 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之階層線性模式分析…….………………….48
表4-6 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異之階層線性模式分析…….………………….54


圖目錄

圖1.1 各系所內留美教師任職系所標準分數與畢業系所分數散佈圖...……..…..5
圖1.2 有雇用美國師資之各系所標準分數與美國師資畢業系所分數之變異係數散佈圖………………………………………………………………………...6
圖3.1 留美師資畢業系所聲望差異影響來源之研究設計………………………..36
圖3.2 當時兩系所的迴歸方程式圖………………………………..38
圖3.3 當時兩系所的迴歸方程式圖………………………………...39
圖3-3 依變項「留美師資畢業系所聲望差異」的常態機率圖…………………..41
圖4.1 系所聲望地位對留美師資畢業系所聲望差異的方程式模型..…...……….51
圖4.2 系所與學校聲望地位間的互動關係對依變項的預測的方程式模型…..…52
圖4.3 系所類別與學校間的互動關係對依變項的預測的方程式模型…………..55
圖4.4 系所類別與學校間的互動關係對依變項預測值的比較…………………..56

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