臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本實驗主要是先將柴油、水和醇類各混入適當的界面劑，挑選特定比例做混合，然後在通入自行組裝的油料混合系統，以高壓空氣壓迫混合液體通過多孔性金屬，期望得到更小更均勻的油滴，以達到穩定的目的。然後以Ink-Jet printing method產生穩定的乳化液自由液滴，進入高溫燃燒爐，觀察液滴的燃燒特性。實驗中第一部分先測試各種比例的柴油、水和醇類的乳化液是否能達到短暫穩定，甚至是更長時間的穩定。第二部分則就乳化液進行燃燒實驗，在固定初始液滴尺寸的情況下，觀察其燃燒現象。並且與單純柴油和水的乳化液以及前人的碰撞液滴燃燒實驗做比較。
實驗結果發現，本實驗的方法的確能使得乳化液更為穩定。並且在柴油比例70%∼60%之間容易產生劇烈的微爆。此外，根據液滴組成機制的不同，同樣的油料比例會產生不同的燃燒現象。

This experiment mainly mingled diesel, water and alcohol with appropriate emulsions respectively, then choose specific proportion for making mixture, injected into the self-fabricated grease mixing system, passed through porosity metal by using high pressure air system to oppress and mix the liquids, expecting convert into more tiny and more homogeneous the oil drops in order to get steady. After that, I use Ink-Jet printing method to generate the droplets in the high temperature environment. We study the Emulsification Stability and the combustion characteristics of the droplets. The first part I will test a short period stability for every proportion of diesel, water and alcohol emulsions, even for a long time. The second part, I run the combustion experiment in the same initial droplets size to observe the combustion phenomenon, and compare with water-in-oil emulsions and the burning experiment of collision-merged droplets.
From the experiment, we find that the method we use can make emulsions more steady. Besides, it’s easily has a violent micro-explosion between the proportion 70%-60% of diesel. Last but not least, based on the different organization of droplets to compose, the same proportion of fuel will creat different combustion phenomenon.

目 錄
致謝………………………………………………………………….I
中文摘要………………………………………………………………..II
英文摘要………………………………………………………………..III
目錄……………………………………...…………………….……….IV
圖表目錄……………………….………………………………………VI
第一章 序論……………………………………………………….…....1
1-1前言…………………………..…………………………….……1
1-2文獻回顧………………………………...………………………2
1-3研究動機…………………...……………………………………9
第二章 理論基礎………………...…………………………………11
2-1 點火延遲…………………...…………………………………..11
2-2 液滴微爆及成核理論…………………………………………11
2-3 d2-law……………………………………………………...…..13
第三章 實驗設備與步驟……………..……………………………...14
3-1 液滴產生方式………………....………………………………..14
3-2實驗及觀測設備………………………………………………16
3-3實驗步驟及資料處理辦法………………………………...……21
3-4實驗環境分析及校正…………………………………………...26
第四章 結果與討論………………...………………………………32
4-1乳化液的混合測試……………..….….………………………32
4-2柴油和水的乳化液液滴燃燒…………………………..…...…35
4-3柴油、水和醇類乳化液液滴燃燒……………….……..………37
4-4整體液滴燃燒性質分析………………………………………46
第五章 結論………………….………………………………………50
參考文獻……………………….……………………………………..52


圖 表 目 錄
圖1-3 液滴組成機制圖……………………………………………………56
圖3-2a 設備示意圖…………………………………………………………57
圖3-2b 設備實體圖…………………………………………………………58
圖3-2.1a 油料混合裝置照片圖....................................59
圖3-2.1b 油料混合裝置示意圖………………………………………………60
圖3-2.1c 內藏多孔性金屬的過濾器…………………………………………61
圖3-2.2a 液滴產生器的示意圖及實體圖……………………………………62
圖3-2.2b 電子控制箱…………………………………………………………62
圖3-2.3a 氣體式燃燒爐………………………………………………………63
圖3-2.3b 液滴產生器放置平台………………………………………………63
圖3-2.4 CCD CAMERA及顯微鏡鏡頭組合圖…………………………………64
圖3-2.5 影像處理設備………………………………………………………64
圖3-4.1a 火焰燃燒速率圖……………………………………………………65
圖3-4.1b 燃燒爐內溫度分佈圖………………………………………………65
圖3-4.2a 流量板………………………………………………………………66
圖3-4.2b wet gas meter………………………………………………………66
圖4-1.4a 柴油與（75％水+25％甲醇）的乳化液隨時間的變化-1…………67
圖4-1.4b 柴油與（75％水+25％甲醇）的乳化液隨時間的變化-2…………68
圖4-1.4c 柴油與（50％水+50％甲醇）的乳化液隨時間的變化-1……………69
圖4-1.4d 柴油與（50％水+50％甲醇）的乳化液隨時間的變化-2……………70
圖4-1.4e 柴油與（75％水+25％乙醇）的乳化液隨時間的變化-1…………71
圖4-1.4f 柴油與（75％水+25％乙醇）的乳化液隨時間的變化-2…………72
圖4-2a 柴油與水的乳化液液滴燃燒火焰圖………………………………73
圖4-2b 5％水95％柴油之乳化液液滴微爆圖……………………………74
圖4-2c 10％水90％柴油之乳化液液滴微爆圖……………………………75
圖4-2d 20％水80％柴油之乳化液液滴微爆圖……………………………76
圖4-2e 30％水70％柴油之乳化液液滴微爆圖……………………………77
圖4-2f 40％水60％柴油之乳化液液滴微爆圖……………………………78
圖4-3.1a 柴油與（75％水+25％甲醇）的乳化液液滴燃燒火焰圖…………79
圖4-3.1b 3.75％水1.25％甲醇95％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖……………80
圖4-3.1c 7.5％水2.5％甲醇90％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖………………81
圖4-3.1d 15％水5％甲醇80％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖…………………82
圖4-3.1e 22.5％水75％甲醇70％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖………………83
圖4-3.1f 柴油與甲醇加水預混在相同結合尺寸、不同預混濃度與柴油比例下的碰撞燃燒之點火延遲……………………………………………84
圖4-3.1g 柴油與甲醇加水預混在相同結合尺寸、不同預混濃度與柴油比例下的碰撞燃燒之燃燒時間……………………………………………84
圖4-3.1h 文獻【24】中，柴油與（75％水+25％甲醇）的碰撞液滴燃燒火焰圖……………………………………………………………………85
圖4-3.2a 柴油與（50％水+50％甲醇）的乳化液液滴燃燒火焰圖…………86
圖4-3.2b 2.5％水25％甲醇95％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖………………87
圖4-3.2c 5％水5％甲醇90％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖……………………88
圖4-3.2d 10％水10％甲醇80％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖…………………89
圖4-3.2e 20％水20％甲醇60％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖…………………90
圖4-3.2f 25％水25％甲醇50％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖…………………91
圖4-3.2g 文獻【24】中，柴油與（50％水+50％甲醇）的碰撞液滴燃燒火焰圖……………………………………………………………………92
圖4-3.3a 柴油與（75％水+25％乙醇）的乳化液液滴燃燒火焰圖……………93
圖4-3.3b 3.75％水.25％乙醇95％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖……………94
圖4-3.3c 7.5％水25％乙醇90％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖………………95
圖4-3.3d 15％水5％乙醇80％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖…………………96
圖4-3.3e 22.5％水7.5％乙醇70％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖……………97
圖4-3.3f 30％水10％乙醇60％柴油的乳化液液滴微爆圖…………………98
圖4-4.1a 柴油、水與甲醇的乳化液之點火延遲………………………………99
圖4-4.1b 柴油、水與乙醇的乳化液之點火延遲……………………………100
圖4-4.1c 柴油、水與甲醇的乳化液之燃燒時間……………………………101
圖4-4.1d 柴油、水與乙醇的乳化液之燃燒時間……………………………102
圖4-4.1e 柴油、水與甲醇的乳化液之平均燃燒速率………………………103
圖4-4.1f 柴油、水與乙醇的乳化液之平均燃燒速率………………………104
圖4-4.1g 柴油、水與甲醇的乳化液之平均有效燃燒速率…………………105
圖4-4.1h 柴油、水與乙醇的乳化液之平均有效燃燒速率…………………106
圖4-4.1i 柴油、水與甲醇的乳化液之整體平均有效燃燒速率……………107
圖4-4.1j 柴油、水與乙醇的乳化液之整體平均有效燃燒速率……………108
圖4-4.1k 柴油、水與甲醇的乳化液之微爆尺寸……………………………109
圖4-4.1l 柴油、水與乙醇的乳化液之微爆尺寸……………………………110
圖4-4.2a 柴油與甲醇加水預混在相同結合尺寸、不同預混濃度與柴油比例下之平均燃燒速率……………………………………………………111
圖4-4.2b 柴油與甲醇加水預混在相同結合尺寸、不同預混濃度與柴油比例下之整體燃燒速率……………………………………………………111
圖4-4.2c 柴油與甲醇加水預混在相同結合尺寸、不同預混濃度與柴油比例下之整體有效燃燒速率………………………………………………112


附 錄
附錄一 流量計校正圖………………………………………………………113
附錄二 電子控制箱strobe delay校正圖…………………………………116
附錄三 柴油與界面劑性質表………………………………………………117
Table 1 柴油、水和醇類的混合表…………………………………………118

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