本研究旨在探討已婚婦女生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向之關係，主要目的有五：(1)了解已婚婦女在生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向的現況。(2)比較不同背景變項（年齡、結婚年數、子女數、社經地位）的已婚婦女，其生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向的差異情形。(3)探討生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向的關係。(4)探討背景變項、生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度對憂鬱傾向的聯合預測功能。(5)根據研究之發現，提出建議，做為個人、家庭、醫療單位與心理衛生單位進一步研究之參考。
本研究採用「成人知覺生活壓力量表」、「社會支持量表」、「婚姻滿意度量表」與「CES-D」作為研究工具，並以立意抽樣作為取樣方法，共得260個有效樣本。
研究結果如下：
（一） 不同年齡、結婚年數、子女數和社經地位的已婚婦女在生活壓力上有顯著差異存在。
（二） 不同年齡、結婚年數和社經地位的已婚婦女在社會支持上沒有顯著差異存在，但不同子女數的已婚婦女在社會支持上有顯著差異存在。
（三） 不同年齡、結婚年數和社經地位的已婚婦女在婚姻滿意度上有顯著差異存在，但不同子女數的已婚婦女在婚姻滿意度上沒有顯著差異存在。
（四） 不同年齡、結婚年數、子女數和社經地位的已婚婦女在憂鬱傾向上沒有顯著差異存在。
（五） 生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度整體與各層面，皆與憂鬱傾向有顯著相關；其中生活壓力與憂鬱傾向為顯著正相關，而社會支持與婚姻滿意度整體和各層面，皆與憂鬱傾向有顯著負相關。
（六） 生活壓力、社會支持與婚姻滿意度整體和各層面有顯著相關；其中生活壓力與社會支持成顯著負向相關，社會支持與婚姻滿意度整體和各層面為正相關，而生活壓力與婚姻滿意度整體和各層面皆呈顯著負相關。
（七） 以不同背景變項、生活壓力、社會支持和婚姻滿意度之各層面作為憂鬱傾向之預測因素，結果發現：生活壓力、社會支持與婚姻滿意度的心理和社會層面最能預測已婚婦女的憂鬱傾向。
針對上述研究結果，對已婚婦女、家庭、醫療單位與心理衛生單位提出的建議：(1)可提升婚姻滿意度之心理層面；(2)生活壓力之調適。
關鍵字：已婚婦女、生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度、憂鬱傾向

Life stress, social support, marital satisfaction
and depressive tendency in married women
Chao Shu-Chin
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to explore the relationships between life stress, social support, marital satisfaction and depressive tendency among married women. Firstly, it was to analyze life stress, social support, marital satisfaction and depressive tendency in married women. Secondly, it was to investigate the difference of life stress, social support, marital satisfaction and depressive tendency in married women with different demographic variables (age, years of marriage, number of children and social economic status). Thirdly, it was to investigate the relationships between life stress, social support, marital satisfaction and depressive tendency. Fourthly, it was to explore whether demographics, life stress, social support and marital satisfaction could predict depressive tendency. Fifthly, it was to provide some practical suggestions for married women, family, hospital and counseling organization based on the research results.
Life Stress Scale, Social Support Scale, Marital Satisfaction Scale and CES-D Scale were employed to collect the data for analyses. The findings were as follow:
1. Married women with different age, years of marriage, number of children and social economic status scored significantly on the variable of life stress.
2. Married women with different age, years of marriage and social economic status scored insignificantly on the variable of social support.
3. Married women with different age, years of marriage and social economic status scored significantly on the variable of marital satisfaction.
4. Married women with different age, years of marriage, number of children and social economic status scored insignificantly on the variable of depressive tendency.
5. It was shown that the scales of life stress, social support and marital satisfaction scored significantly in association with depression. In addition, life stress positively correlated with depressive tendency while social support and marital satisfaction negatively correlated with depressive tendency.
6. The significant predictors for depressive tendency were life stress, social support, and marital satisfaction in terms of psychological and social subscales.
Married women were suggested to enhance their psychological well-being in terms of marital satisfaction. Moreover, they were advised to adjust their life stress with appropriate ways.
Key words: married women, life stress, social support, marital satisfaction,
depressive tendency

目 錄
目錄 I
表目錄 III
圖目錄 V
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機 1
第二節 研究目的 7
第三節 研究問題 8
第四節 名詞釋義 9
第二章 文獻探討 12
第一節 生活壓力概念與相關研究 12
第二節 社會支持概念與相關研究 22
第三節 婚姻滿意度概念與相關研究 35
第四節 憂鬱傾向概念與相關研究 45
第五節 生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度 與憂鬱傾向之相關研究 56
第三章 研究方法 68
第一節 研究架構與問題假設 68
第二節 研究對象 71
第三節 研究工具 71
第四節 研究過程 81
第五節 資料處理 82
第四章 研究結果與討論 84
第一節 基本資料分析 84
第二節 已婚婦女生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向之現況 87
第三節 不同背景變項已婚婦女其生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向之差異 89
第四節 已婚婦女的生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度與憂鬱傾向之相關研究 104
第五節 已婚婦女的背景變項、生活壓力、社會支持、婚姻滿意度對憂鬱傾向之預測分析 111
第五章 結論與建議 114
第一節 結論 115
第二節 建議 122
參考書目 129
一、中文部份 129
二、英文部分 134
附錄一、已婚婦女生活壓力之平均數與標準差 141
附錄二、已婚婦女社會支持之平均數與標準差 143
附錄三、已婚婦女婚姻滿意度之平均數與標準差 144
附錄四、已婚婦女憂鬱傾向之平均數與標準差 146
附錄五、專家效度名單 147
附錄六、正式問卷 148
附錄七、生活壓力量表使用授權書 155
附錄八、社會支持量表使用授權書 156
附錄九、婚姻滿意度量表使用授權書 157
附錄十、憂鬱傾向量表使用授權書 158
附錄十一、婚姻滿意度之效標關聯效度數據報表 159

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