不同位置橄欖球選手身體組成與葡萄糖耐受度之比較研究

摘 要
本研究目的在於探討橄欖球前鋒與後衛選手葡萄糖耐受度之差異。受試者為29位健康甲組男子橄欖球選手 (前鋒15位，年齡20.1± 0.35歲；後衛14位，年齡19.8 ± 0.42歲)，並經訓練後，進行身體組成測量及口服葡萄糖耐受度、胰島素、可體松、睪固酮、尿酸、DHEA-S等測量。研究結果顯示：（1）後衛選手胰島素敏感度優於前鋒。（2）前鋒在高衝撞及阻力訓練下，肌肉組織損傷較後衛高。（3）前鋒球員在體重、BMI、體脂肪、脂肪百分比、腰臀圍比、去脂體重等皆高於後衛（p＜0.05）。（4）前鋒與後衛訓練期總熱量攝取沒有差異，但依每公斤體重計熱量攝取（23.8 VS 30.05Kcal/kg）顯著低於後衛。（5）訓練期間前鋒球員DHEA-S優於後衛（p＜.05）。結論：本研究發現前鋒選手胰島素敏感度差於後衛，而前鋒訓練方式有較高的肌肉量，中高強度的阻力訓練對葡萄糖吸收能力有助益，但應避免肌肉損傷影響葡萄糖耐受度。

The comparison of body composition and glucose tolerance on different position rugby players
Graduate Student: SU, FU-Hsin
Advisor: Kuo, Chia-Hua
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate that the comparison of body composition and glucose tolerance between different position rugby player. We recruited 29 professional rugby players as subjects (15 forwards, age20.1± 0.35, 13 backs, age 19.8 ± 0.42 ). We performed Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and measured insulin, saliva’s DHEA-S, serum testosterone, cortisol, and body composition measurement. The results showed that: (1) Backs had better insulin sensitivity than forwards. (2)Because of high impact resistance training, forwards have more muscle injury. (3) Forwards had significantly increasing body fat and free body mass (FFM) (p＜.05). (4) Forwards consumed lower calories (23.8 Kcal/kg; 30.05 Kcal/kg) than backs, but have no different in total calories consumption. (5) Forwards had higher DHEA-S level than backs player. In conclusion, in this study we investigate that insulin sensitivity of back player is better than forwards. Moreover, we also found the training type of forward player has more musle mass. Therefore moderate resistance training had benefit on glucose uptake, but have to avoid to the adverse effect of glucose tolerance by muscle damage.

目 錄
簽名頁....................................................ii
受權書...................................................iii
中文摘要..................................................iv
英文摘要..................................................v
謝誌......................................................vi
目錄.....................................................vii
表目錄....................................................x
圖目錄....................................................xi
第一章 緒論........................................1
第一節 問題背景.......................................1
第二節 研究目的.......................................3
第三節 研究假設.......................................3
第四節 研究範圍與限制.................................4
第五節 名詞操作性定義.................................4
第六節 研究之必要性...................................6
第二章 相關文獻探討....................................7
第一節 橄欖球運動特色.................................7
第二節 橄欖球前鋒與後衛運動員的差異...................8
第三節 醣類在競技運動的重要性.........................10
第四節 運動對於葡萄糖耐受性與胰島素敏感性之影響.......12
第五節 體組成對於胰島素敏感度的影響...................16
第六節 激素（hormone）對葡萄糖耐受度及胰島素敏感度的
影響........................................19
第三章 研究方法與步驟...................................28
第一節 實驗對象.......................................28
第二節 實驗步驟.......................................28
第三節 實驗控制.......................................30
第四節 實驗儀器分析...................................31
第五節 統計分析.......................................34
第四章 結果與討論......................................35
第一節 結果...........................................35
第二節 討論......................................41
第五章 結論與建議....................................48
第一節 結論...........................................48
第二節 建議...........................................48
引用文獻.................................................50
一、中文部分..............................................50
二、英文部分...............................................52

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