跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(18.97.9.170) 您好!臺灣時間:2024/12/02 16:00
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

: 
twitterline
研究生:許家禎
研究生(外文):Chia-Chen Hsu
論文名稱:基隆市公車司機的聽力損失盛行率與相關因子的探討
論文名稱(外文):The Prevalence and Related Factors of Hearing Loss among Bus Drivers in Kee-long
指導教授:周碧瑟周碧瑟引用關係
指導教授(外文):Pesus Chou
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立陽明大學
系所名稱:公共衛生研究所
學門:醫藥衛生學門
學類:公共衛生學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:93
語文別:中文
論文頁數:70
中文關鍵詞:純音聽力檢查語言辨識力檢查噪音傷害
外文關鍵詞:Pure-tone audiometry (PTA)Speech discrimination score ( SDS)Acoustic trauma
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:2
  • 點閱點閱:357
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:71
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
中 文 摘 要
[ 目的 ] 本研究以橫斷式研究法(Cross-sectional study)探討北部某城市公車司機的聽力篩檢的結果,以探討公車司機聽力障礙的現況及與技工、文職人員的差異( 描述性流行病學 ),並試圖分析造成差異的可能原因( 分析性流行病學 )。
[ 方法 ] 自民國九十三年四月起,選擇北部某城市公車處全體員工為調查對象,成功收集345名有效樣本。依照職業別分成三組,司機組240人,技工組45人,文職組60人,完成問卷、純音聽力檢查、語言辨識力檢查,並測量記錄各組分別的環境噪音。各組在年齡,工作年資,教育程度之間沒有統計上的差別。
[ 結果 ] 整體而言, 在自覺聽力障礙盛行率為21.4%,而純音聽力障礙為12.1%、語言辨識力障礙為56.2%,高頻噪音傷害盛行率為21.7%。三組在純音聽力障礙狀況、高頻噪音傷害的狀況沒有出現有意義的差別,但是在語言辨識力障礙上,單變項分析發現司機組和技工組均較文職組為差 [ 勝率比(Odds Rtio, OR)司機/文職 = 3.39 ( 95% CI : 1.74-6.61) ; 技工/文職= 5.20 ( 95% CI : 2.18-12.43 ) ],再經多變項分析發現年齡是最主要的因素 ( β=0.04,S.E.=0.02,p=0.01 )。在自覺聽力障礙盛行率為21.4%,而純音聽力為12.1%、語言辨識力障礙者56.2%,噪音傷害為21.7%。
[ 結論 ] 顯示目前在司機、技工和文職人員間,聽力障礙和噪音傷害沒有明顯的差異,造成語言辨識力差別主要原因是年齡,沒有差異的原因可能是因為樣本太少,將來大規模的篩檢仍然值得注意可能出現的差異。盛行率的差異顯示目前的環境中,自覺聽力和純音聽力檢查正常的員工,有許多已經有語言辨識力障礙的問題,也顯示僅以目前純音聽力檢查,無法完全反應目前勞工聽力障礙的現況,而陽性預測值和敏感性偏低也顯示自覺聽力障礙並不適作為單一的篩檢工具,配合儀器的檢查仍有其必要性。
ABSTRACT
Background: This was a cross-sectional study of a hearing screening and associated related risk factors for bus drivers in Keelong City, northern Taiwan. We attempted to determine the conditions of hearing impairment, speech discriminative disturbance, and acoustic trauma among drivers, technicians, and officers, and we tried to find possible factors associated with the results.
Methods: Since April 2004, 345 staff members of the Bus Management Office in Keelong were included in the present study; they were divided into three groups: drivers (n=240), technicians (n=45), and officers (n=60). Pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and a speech discrimination score (SDS) were applied, and a questionnaire was given to the study population. Environmental noise was also measured.
Results: In general, the prevalence of abnormal Self-report, PTA, SDS and acoustic trauma were 21.4%, 12.1%, 56.2% and 21.7% respectively. There were no significant differences in PTA and acoustic trauma among the three groups, but the SDS of drivers and technicians significantly differed from that of officers (odds ratio (OR) of drivers and officers = 3.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.74~6.61); OR of technicians and officers = 5.20 (95% CI: 2.18~12.43)). Age was the only factor with an effect on the difference in SDS according to the multiple logistic regression (β = 0.04, S.E. = 0.02, p = 0.01).
Conclusions: Among drivers, technicians, and officers, there were no significant differences in the results of the hearing screening, including PTA and acoustic trauma, except for SDS which was mainly affected by age. The preliminary results of the present study are perhaps limited by the small sample size, but a massive screening might reveal different findings, so further investigation would be worthwhile. The difference between prevalence of Self-report, PTA and SDS reveals members suffering with speech discrimination problems even their PTA and Self-report hearing are normal. Self-reported hearing impairment had a poor sensitivity, and therefore, examinations using test equipment are still recommended for occupational members at present.
1. Clark, William W. PhD; Bohne, Barbara A. PhD , Effects of Noise on Hearing, JAMA Volume 281(17) May 1999: 1658-59

2. Leong ST. Laortanakul , P. Monitoring and assessment of daily exposure of roadside workers to traffic noise levels in an Asian city: a case study of Bangkok streets. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment. 2003 Jun; 85:69-85

3. 台灣地區工作環境安全衛生狀況調查報告,1995

4. Alberti PW : Noise and the ear. In Kerr AG,Groves J; Scott-Brown’s Otorhinolarygology 5th ed. London, Butterworths Co. 1987, Vol 2, 595

5. Shapino SL : Deafness following short term exposure to industrial noise. Ann Otol Rhino Laryngol 1959;68:1170-81

6. Caiazzo AJ. etc Ear canal resonance and temporatory threshold shift. J Acoust Soc Am. 1977; 61:78

7. Gravendeel DW, Plomp R : Micro-noise trauma? Arch Otolaryngol 1960; 71:656-663

8. Ward WD : Noise-induced hearing damage. In Paparella MM,Shumrick DA, Gluckman JL, Otolaryngology, 3rd ed. Philadephia, WB Saunders Co. 1991, Vol 2 , 1639-1850

9. J. D. Meyer, etc. Surveillance for work-related hearing loss in the UK: OSSA and OPRA 1997–2000 , Occupational Medicine 2002 ; 52:75-79 ,

10. Department of Labor Occupational Noise Exposure Standard. 29 CFR Section 48,1983

11. 中華民國勞工工作音壓級及容許曝露時間表, 1992


12. Wu TN, Liou SH, Shen CY, Hsu CC, Chao SL, Wang JH, Chang SF, Ko KN, Chiang HC, Chang PY. Surveillance of noise-induced hearing loss in Taiwan, ROC: a report of the PRESS-NHL results. Prev Med. 1998 Jan-Feb;27(1):65-9.

13. Patwardhan MS. Kolate MM. More TA, To assess effect of noise on hearing ability of bus drivers by audiometry. Indian Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology. 1991 Jan ;35:35-8,.

14. H. O. Ahmed, etc. High-frequency (10–18 kHz) hearing thresholds: reliability, and effects of age and occupational noise exposure , Occupational Medicine 2001 , 51:245-258

15. Celik O, Yalcin S, Ozturk A. Hearing parameters in noise exposed industrial workers. Auris Nasus Larynx. Dec 1998;25:369-75.

16. Seshagiri B. Occupational noise exposure of operators of heavy trucks. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. 1998 Mar ;59(3):205-13.

17. Sallustio V, et al, Auditory dysfunction in occupational noise exposed workers. Audiol Suppl. 1998;48:95-110.

18. Bauer P, Korpert K, Neuberger M, Raber A, Schwetz F. Risk factors for hearing loss at different frequencies in a population of 47,388 noise-exposed workers. J Acoust Soc Am. 1991 Dec;90(6):3086-98

19. Humes LE, Schwartz DM, Bess FH. Two experiments on subtle mid-frequency hearing loss and its influence on word discrimination in noise-exposed listeners. Audiology. 1979;18(4):307-19.

20. Clark WW. Noise exposure from leisure activities: a review. J Acoust Soc Am. 1991; 90:175-181

21. 21蘇育儀, 梁家光, 軍人噪音性聽力喪失之分析, 台灣耳鼻喉科醫學會雜誌, 第32卷第1號, 1997 ; 21-29

22. Henderson BK. etc, Development of an acoustic actuator for launch vehicle noise reduction. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 111(1 Pt 1):174-9, 2002 Jan.

23. Jack Katz, et al Handbook of audiology 4th ed. 1994 Williams & Wilkins

24. 蘇明川 楊怡和, 聽性外傷與噪音性聽力喪失, 台灣耳鼻喉科醫學會雜誌 1994;第29卷3號, 9-13 ,

25. 葉文英 祝年豐等, 職業型噪音性聽障分析-港務局工作人員之聽力狀況, 中華職業醫學雜誌, 2004;11:181-6,

26. Lusk, Sally L. etc, Effectiveness of a Tailored Intervention to Increase Factory Workers’ Use of Hearing Protection, Nursing Research Sep/Oct 2003 ; Volume 52: 289-295

27. Solecki L. The effect of occupational exposure to noise among tractor drovers : assessment based on noise threshold. Medicine Pracy, 1998; 49:535-44,

28. H.O. Ahmed, etc. Occupational noise exposure and hearing loss of workers in two plants in eastern Saudi Arabia , Ann. occup. Hyg., 2001 Vol. 45, No. 5, 371-80,

29. 行政院勞委會 職業災害勞工職業重建補助辦法

30. K T Palmer, etc, Occupational exposure to noise and the attributable burden of hearing difficulties in Great Britain, Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2002;59:634-39

31. D I McBride, S Williams , Audiometric notch as a sign of noise induced hearing loss, Occupational Environ Med 2001;58:46-51

32. Lee LA. Chung DY. Gannon RP , Speech discrimination and effectiveness of hearing aids under listening conditions similar to those of a transit operator. Journal of Otolaryngology. 1981 Jun.; 10(3):237-44,

33. Coles RR , Lutman ME , Buffin JT , Noise-induced Hearing Loss, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine June 2003 ; Volume 45 • Number 6

34. Jesse Green, PhD Noise-Induced Hearing Loss , PEDIATRICS Vol. 109 No. 5 May 2002. 987-88

35. Amanda Sue Niskar,etc. Estimated Prevalence of Noise-Induced Hearing Threshold Shifts Among Children 6 to 19 Years of Age: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994, United States, PEDIATRICS Vol. 108 No. 1 July 2001, 40-43

36. J Malchaire , Strategy for prevention and control of the risks due to noise , Occup Environ Med , June 2000 ; 57:361-9

37. 洪敬賢 等, 台北地區交通警員的聽力, 台灣耳鼻喉科醫學會雜誌, 第33卷第3號, 1998; 219-223

38. Hone, Stephen W. , The use of cortical evoked response audiometry in the assessment of noise-induced hearing loss, Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery Volume 128(2) February 2003 257-62

39. Meliksah Erten et al, Noise induced hearing loss among cotton textile and carpet mill workers The J. of Medical Sciences, 1988, 28; 561-565

40. Maximiliano Ribeiro Guerra et al, Prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss in metallurgical company São Paulo Apr. 2005; vol.39 no.2

41. Barbosa AS, Cardoso MR. Hearing loss among workers exposed to road traffic noise in the city of Sao Paulo in Brazil. Auris Nasus Larynx. 2005 Mar;32(1):17-21

42. Reshef I, Attias J, Furst M Characteristics of click-evoked otoacoustic emissions in ears with normal hearing and with noise-induced hearing loss. Br J Audiol. 1993 Dec;27(6):387-95.

43. Attias J.1; Horovitz G.; El-Hatib N.; Nageris B. Detection and Clinical Diagnosis of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Otoacoustic Emissions Noise and Health, Volume 3, Number 12, Jul - Sept 2001, pp. 19-31(13)

44. J. Oeken Topodiagnostic assessment of occupational noise-induced hearing loss using distortion-product otoacoustic emissions compared to the short increment sensitivity index test European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Volume 256, Number 3 March 1999 ;115 - 121
QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top