臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

IC設計技術的進步造就了SoC，在一個大的系統中，作業系統、驅動程式、硬體電路之間的關係，影響了整個系統的效能，在本篇論文中，如何將軟體、硬體有效率的溝通？以MPEG-2為例子，在ARM的雛型系統上實現，並提出了一個MSD-First DCT的硬體架構，讓FPGA處理DCT的運算，其餘部份則交由ARM處理器完成運算，其中分成有作業系統的情況下，與沒有作業系統的情況下實作情形。
傳統的加法器會有漣波進位的問題，因此無法完成高速系統的需求，解決漣波進位的方法有很多種，本論文採用有號位元加法器去實現在DCT運算上，並利用最高位元優先處理的方式，讓整個DCT電路在台積電0.35um的製成下，可達到434MHz的速度，最後將DCT電路包上AHB的介面與ARM溝通，完成基本的軟、硬體溝通處理實

The progress of IC designing technique has brought up SoC. In a big system, the relation among operating system , driver , hardware circuit, influence whole efficiency of system. Among this page thesis, how be software , efficient communication of hardware? Regard MPEG-2 as the example , realize in the young system of ARM , and has proposed the hardware structure of one MSD-First DCT. Let FPGA deal with the operation of DCT, other parts are transfered to ARM processors to finish operation. Among them divide into the situation with operating system, do the situation in fact with have no situation of the operating system.
The traditional addition device will have question of wave carry of ripples, unable to finish demand for the high-speed system. There are many kinds of to solve wave carry methods of the ripples. This thesis adopts addition device of number location to realize in DCT operation, and utilize the way in which the high position have priority to deal with the most, let whole DCT circuit under 0.35um make , can reach speed of 434MHz , is it have DCT circuit interface of AHB link up with ARM to make finally in Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., finish the basic software and hardware and communicate and deal with realizing.

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中文摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- I
英文摘要 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- II
誌謝 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- III
目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- IV
圖目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- VI
表目錄 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- XIII
第一章 簡介 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 -------------------------------------------------------- 1
1-2 論文架構組織 ------------------------------------------------------------ 3
第二章 MPEG 影像壓縮技術 ------------------------------------------------- 4
2-1 色相轉換與取樣 ------------------------------------------------------ 6
2-2 移動預測與移動補償 -------------------------------------------------- 7
2-3 離散餘弦轉換(DCT) --------------------------------------------------- 9
2-4 熵編碼(Entory Coding) ------------------------------------------------ 14
第三章 最高位元優先處理DCT架構 ------------------------------------- 16
3-1 DCT/IDCT硬體架構設計 --------------------------------------------- 16
3-2 利用MSD-First概念實現DCT/IDCT--------------------------------- 21
3-2.1 傳統加法器的缺點 --------------------------------------------- 21
3-2.2 有號加法器 ----------------------------------------------------- 23
3-2.3 SD加法器的硬體架構 ----------------------------------------- 25
3-2.4 使用BSDA完成1D-DCT -------------------------------------- 26
3.3 實驗結果 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 28
第四章 嵌入式系統環境建置 -------------------------------------------------- 30
4-1 嵌入式硬體 -------------------------------------------------------------- 32
4-1.1 嵌入式處理器 - ARM ---------------------------------------- 32
4-1.2 嵌入式系統平台 ----------------------------------------------- 33
4-1.3 AMBA Interface -------------------------------------------------- 35
4-2 嵌入式軟體 -------------------------------------------------------------- 37
4-2.1 Cross-compiler ------------------------------------------------- 37
4-2.1.1 Binutlis ------------------------------------------------- 37
4-2.1.2 GCC -------------------------------------------------- 38
4-2.1.3 Glibc -------------------------------------------------- 39
4-2.1.4 建立Cross-compiler -------------------------------- 40
4-2.2 開機管理程式(bootloader) ------------------------------------- 40
4-2.3 嵌入式作業系統 ------------------------------------------------ 42
4-2.4 根檔案系統(Root file system) --------------------------------- 43
4-2.5 核心參數(Kernel parameter) ----------------------------------- 46
4-3 Embedded Linux on ARM Integrator ----------------------------------- 47
第五章 軟硬體協同處理----------------------------------------------------------- 52
5-1 Linux系統概述------------------------------------------------------------ 52
5-2 Linux核心函式------------------------------------------------------------ 55
5-3 Linux核心資源------------------------------------------------------------ 58
第六章 結論與未來展望----------------------------------------------------------- 59
參考文獻 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
作者簡歷 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 61

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