臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

安全、穩定、可靠的理想電壓源是供電業者及用電業者所努力追求與期望的，台灣地形狹長，電力輸電線路侷限於南北走向，北部地區發電量無法滿足尖峰負載需求，須仰賴南部電力供應，南電北送，電力系統相形脆弱，加上在輸電線路分佈廣泛之下，很難避免天然因素(雷擊、鹽害、風災、地震…等)及用戶因素影響(非線性負載)，導致供電品質受到干擾，不良的供電品質將使發電成本提高且容易波及所屬使用設備，造成無法預期的損失，尤其是針對較敏感性負載工廠之使用。
本文針對配電系統端常見的擾動現象(電壓驟降、電壓驟昇、電壓諧波、電壓閃爍、三相電壓不平衡、電壓瞬間中斷…等)提出電壓改善對策，即在配電端與高壓用戶間串聯一耦合變壓器，當系統電壓發生擾動時，適時輸出補償電壓，使系統電壓均能維持固定振幅且正弦波形電壓。
在控制方面，利用同步參考座標軸轉換來計算補償電壓，變流器部份使用多階架構(H-bridge)，以脈寬調變技術(SPWM)來切換補償，運用MATLAB/SIMULINK軟體來進行模擬，驗證所提之系統性能確實可達到良好補償效果。

The ac power with safety, stability and reliability is generally required for the utilities and customers. Due to the heavy power loading in the summer, the generated power from the south to north Taiwan is necessary. However, the long distance of transmission line will result in the poor power quality.
This thesis presents the control approach to improve the power quality in the distribution system, including the problems of voltage sag, swell, flicker, harmonic and unbalance. The isolation transformers are used in the proposed circuit topology to supply the necessary compensated voltages due to the voltage disturbances at the load side. Based on the proposed control scheme the load voltages can be maintained at the constant root-mean-square voltage with sinusoidal wave.
The control scheme is based on the synchronous reference frame in order to improve the dynamic response of the whole system. The circuit topology of the inverter is based on the series connections of H-bridge inverters. Finally the simulation results based on MATLAB/SIMULINK software package are provided to verify the performance of the proposed control schemes.

中文摘要
英文摘要
誌謝
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
符號說明
第一章 緒論
1.1 前言
1.2 研究背景與動機
1.2.1 台灣電力系統
1.2.2 諧波來源
1.2.3 諧波危害
1.2.4 電力品質改善設備
1.3 論文綱要
第二章 電力品質
2.1 前言
2.2 諧波
2.3 電壓驟降
2.4 電壓驟昇
2.5 電力中斷
2.6 電壓閃爍
2.7 三相不平衡
2.8 電磁干擾
2.9 結論
第三章 電力濾波器
3.1 前言
3.2 被動式電力濾波器
3.2.1 補償原理
3.2.2 架構分類
3.2.3 設計考量因素
3.2.4 結論
3.3 主動式電力濾波器
3.3.1 並聯型主動式電力濾波器
3.3.2 串聯型主動式電力濾波器
3.3.3 串並聯型主動式電力濾波器
3.3.4 混合型主動式電力濾波器
3.3.4 結論
第四章 多階變流器
4.1 前言
4.2 階數的定義
4.3 多階變流器的架構
4.4 多階變流器的脈波寬度調變
4.5 多階變流器的開關狀態分析
4.5.1 串接式模式
4.5.2 混合式模式
4.6 多階變流器的調變觸發信號合成
第五章 DVR理論基礎分析
5.1 前言
5.2 系統架構
5.3 控制原理
5.4 系統控制架構
5.4.1 電壓補償量的計算
5.4.2 電壓控制器
5.4.3 電流控制器
5.5 數學模型推導
5.6 電路元件選擇
5.6.1 開關元件的選擇
5.6.2 濾波電感的選擇
5.6.3 濾波電容的選擇
5.7 DVR補償容量的計算
第六章 模擬結果
6.1 前言
6.2 線性負載
6.2.1 正常電壓
6.2.2 電壓驟降
6.2.3 電壓驟昇
6.2.4 電壓閃爍
6.2.5 三相不平衡(相位偏移)
6.2.6 三相不平衡(振幅大小)
6.2.7 電壓諧波
6.2.8 電壓瞬間中斷
6.2.9 多種電力擾動
6.3 非線性負載
6.3.1 正常電壓
6.3.2 電壓驟降
6.3.3 電壓驟昇
6.3.4 電壓閃爍
6.3.5 三相不平衡(相位偏移)
6.3.6 三相不平衡(振幅大小)
6.3.7 電壓諧波
6.3.8 電壓瞬間中斷
6.3.9 多種電力擾動
6.4 結論
第七章 結論與未來研究
7.1 結論
7.2 未來研究
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