由於資訊和網路技術的蓬勃發展，遠端監控應用已成為人類數位化生活的一部份。近年來無所不在之網路(Ubiquitous Network)被提出來，且已成為熱門的研究領域，因此行動式監控系統將是監控應用未來發展的趨勢。為因應此一需求，本研究提出一個整合了ZigBee與RFID等新式無線技術之行動式監控架構。在本架構中，我們使用ZigBee技術於目標定位、環境感知與設備監控，而RFID技術則被用於識別使用者與強化系統安全。同時，我們利用類神經網技術來建立定位模型，而且應用網路服務技術建構系統之通訊基礎建設。故依據本架構所開發的整合式行動監控系統除了能提供一般的監控功能外，亦具備一些進階能力，如室內目標定位、身分無線識別、環境感知、無線影像傳輸、警示訊息主動推播及支援多樣化行動裝置操作等。性能測試結果顯示，本架構之室內定位功能準確度可達平均誤差1.624公尺，可以滿足一般監控系統對室內移動目標定位的需求。此外，遠端控制功能與主動推播功能的運作時間分別只要235毫秒與336毫秒，顯示系統操作的快速性。本研究之成果可應用於工廠及軍事設施之各式監控用途，也是建構新一代行動式監控系統之有用參考。

Due to the vigorous development of the information and networking technologies, remote monitoring and control (MC) applications have become a part of the digital life of humans. In recent years, the ubiquitous network has been proposed and has become a hot research topic. Thus, mobile MC systems will be the trend of future development of the MC applications. For conforming to such a requirement, this research proposes a mobile MC scheme that integrates new wireless technologies, such as ZigBee and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). In the proposed scheme, ZigBee is utilized in object positioning, environment sensing, and equipment monitoring and control, while RFIF is applied to identify users and enhance system security. Also, we use neural network to construct the positioning model and apply the Web Services technology to establish the system communication infrastructure. Thus, a mobile MC system based on the proposed scheme can not only provide general MC functions, but also possess various advanced capabilities, such as indoor object positioning, wireless user identification, environment sensing, wireless image transmission, active push of warning messages, and supporting operations using diverse mobile devices. The testing results show that the indoor positioning function achieves a degree of accuracy with an average error of 1.624 m, which can satisfy the indoor positioning demand of a MC system. In addition, the operational times in remote control and active push are 235 ms and 336 ms, respectively, which demonstrates the quickness of the system operations. The research results can be applied in various MC applications for factory and military. They are also a useful reference for constructing new-generation mobile MC systems.

誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
目錄 v
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 x
1. 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 3
1.3 論文架構 6
2. 核心技術介紹 7
2.1 新式無線技術 7
2.1.1 ZigBee技術 7
2.1.2 無線射頻識別技術 9
2.2 無線定位原理 11
2.2.1 訊號強度定位法 11
2.2.2 抵達時間定位法 12
2.2.3 抵達時間差定位法 13
2.2.4 抵達角度定位法 14
2.3 類神經網路技術 15
2.4 網路資訊安全技術 18
2.4.1 Secure Socket Layer 18
2.4.2 XML簽章 20
2.4.3 XML加密 21
2.4.4 單一登入服務 23
2.5 推播技術 24
2.6 網路服務技術 24
2.7 統一塑模語言 28
3. 整合新式無線技術之行動式監控系統架構 31
3.1 功能需求分析 31
3.2 系統架構設計 32
3.3 系統軟體功能設計 35
3.3.1 中介軟體 35
3.3.2 圖形化使用者介面 37
3.3.3 ZigBee定位功能 37
3.3.4 ZigBee環境感知與控制功能 38
3.3.5 RFID身分識別功能 39
3.3.6 遠端監視功能 40
3.3.7 主動推播功能 40
3.3.8 系統安全功能 42
3.3.9 使用者管理功能 44
3.3.10 ZigBee裝置功能開發 44
4. 定位演算法 47
4.1 基地台佈建 47
4.2 模型建立 49
4.3 距離定位法 52
4.4 座標定位法 56
4.5 距離－座標定位法 57
4.6 最接近訊號定位法 59
5. 系統硬體 63
5.1 ZigBee技術開發模組 63
5.2 門禁式無線射頻識別系統 65
5.3 手持式行動裝置 66
5.4 網路攝影機 67
6. 系統軟體元件開發 69
6.1 伺服端元件 69
6.1.1 使用案例圖 69
6.1.2 循序圖 71
6.1.3 類別圖 79
6.2 推播服務元件 80
6.2.1 使用案例圖 80
6.2.2 循序圖 81
6.2.3 類別圖 83
6.3 全系統之類別圖 84
7. 系統實作與整合測試 85
7.1 系統實作需求 85
7.1.1 開發環境 85
7.1.2 軟體需求 85
7.1.3 硬體需求 86
7.2 系統整合及測試 87
7.2.1 中介軟體設定 88
7.2.2 系統登入 90
7.2.3 使用者管理 93
7.2.4 RFID身分識別 95
7.2.5 ZigBee定位 97
7.2.6 ZigBee環境感知與控制 100
7.2.7 遠端監視 101
7.2.8 主動推播 101
7.3 系統效能分析 104
7.3.1 ZigBee定位功能 104
7.3.2 ZigBee遠端控制功能 106
7.3.3 主動推播功能 108
8. 結論 110
8.1 論文總結 110
8.2 重要成果 111
8.3 未來研究方向 112
參考文獻 113
自傳 119

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