臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的在發展一套能快速量測大尺寸物件之光學面掃描系統，將量測之物件數位化後，以利後續模型的修改與加工使用。而其硬體的架構是將攝影機和投影機架構在校正平台上。
本文的量測原理是使用映射函數對應法將影像平面模型轉成三維空間座標，並利用影像處理中的高斯濾波和影像正規化來提高影像品質，避免雜訊和不均勻影像降低量測品質。有了高品質的量測影像後，即可求得較佳的量測邊界平面，其方法是使用一次微分面心法求得量測邊界。因為率最大處為邊界位置，於是利用面心法即可計算出正確的邊界點，再透過映射函數將此邊界點轉為三維空間座標，即可得到物件三維數位化的資料。
本文最後實際掃描出幾組的物件，由於每次掃描無法將所有的資料擷取到，所以必須將物件移動或旋轉各個角度方可量測到所有地方，因此利用定位整合的演算法將各筆的掃描資料整合成單一筆的完整數位化模型。

This paper proposes to develop a fast optical measurement system for measuring large objects. This system, which is composed of a charge coupled device and a digital light process at calibration plane, can transform object measurement into digital, which can be used for further implication.
The rationale of this system is based on the mapping function to transform two-dimensional image into three-dimensional image, in order to obtain a higher experimental result. The experiment uses gauss filter and normalized image to increase the quality of image and avoid other noises and non-uniform images. With the high quality image measured, it is easier to find the light plane by using center of area defuzzifier. The rationale of center of area defuzzifier concerns the largest slope as the boundary point. Using this method will calculate the exact boundary point. Finally, the experiment will transforms this point into three dimensional data.
The experiment tries to measure various objects empirically. However, owing to the fact that each measurement cannot obtain the entire data, it is necessary to move or switch the object measured in order to achieve the full measurement. Nonetheless, iterative closest point registration method is used in the experiment in order to integrate each portion of the data into an integrated one.

目錄……………..………………………………………………………Ⅰ
圖目錄………………………..…………………………………………Ⅲ
表目錄………………………..…………………………………………Ⅸ
符號對照表與宿寫對照表………………………..……………………Ⅹ
第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………..001
1-1 前言…………………………………………………………001
1-2 文獻回顧……………………………………………………004
1-3 研究目的與研究方法………………………………………007
第二章 量測原理………………………………………………..……011
2-1 前言…………………………………………………………011
2-2 單點雷射三角法……………………………………………011
2-3 雷射線掃描量測法…………………………………………014
2-4 白光面掃描量測灰階編碼法………………………………017
2-5 相位移疊紋量測法…………………………………………022
第三章 實驗設備與數位影像處理……………..……………………027
3-1 系統設備……………………………………………………027
3-2 系統光學分析………………………………………………030
3-3 離散式高斯濾波……………………………………………034
3-4 影像處理……………………………………………………036
第四章 校正原理……………………………………………………..043
4-1 校正過程………………………………..…………………..045
4-2 尋邊方法……………………………………………………049
4-3 映射函數演算法……………………………………………052
4-4 灰階編碼及線段平移方法…………………………………055
第五章 量測過程與實驗結果……………….….…………………062
5-1 量測過程……………………………………………………062
5-2 程式介面介紹…..……………….………….………………063
5-3 量測精密度分析……………………………………………069
5-4 實驗結果……………………………………………………076
第六章 結論與未來方向……………….….………………...……091
6-1 結論…………………………………………………………091
6-2 未來方向…….………………………………………………092
參考文獻…………………………………………………...………096
附錄一 掃描資料之定位與整合…………………………….……100

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