臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

多重輸入多重輸出(MIMO)天線技術，在傳送端和接收端具有多根天線，是將來在無線網路系統上發展的趨勢。在這篇論文裡，我們提出具有服務品質保證(QoS) 繞徑協定在隨建即連網路中使用多重輸入與多重輸出天線技術。服務品質保證繞徑協定必須保證傳輸的路徑對於頻寬使用要有基本需求。在傳送端和接收端同時有多元素陣列(MEAs)稱之為多重輸入多重輸出天線技術鏈結。 眾所周知的多重輸入多重輸出天線技術鏈結提供空間多工增益(spatial multiplexing gain)和多樣增益(diversity gain)。空間多工增益提供高空間使用效率，由於在同一頻道內可以同時傳送多個獨立的資料流時，稱為增速鏈結(rate-link)。另外，多樣增益可以增加傳輸距離，稱為增距鏈結(range-link)。我們的結果同時考量增速鏈結和增距鏈結的使用，發展出一個新的多重路徑服務品質保證繞徑協定。我們提出一個特別的多重路徑結構稱為弓型(bow)，將在使用多重輸入與多重輸出天線技術的隨建即連網路中產生出來。每一個弓型是由多個增速鏈結和/或增距鏈結所組成。在這篇論文中，我們提出一個以弓型為基礎的服務品質保證繞徑協定在隨建即連網路中使用多重輸入與多重輸出天線技術，稱為BowQR。最後，模擬結果說明那個我們提出的BowQR繞徑協定在總流量(throughput)、成奶騍v(success rate)和平均延遲時間(average latency)三個方面得到效能的增進。

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques, which have multiple antenna at both transmitter and receiver, have a huge potential for future wireless systems. In this paper, we present a new quality-of-service (QoS) routing protocol in MIMO ad-hoc networks. The QoS routing protocol supports mobile applications to guarantee its bandwidth requirement. Links with multiple element arrays (MEAs) at both ends are
called as MIMO links. It is known that MIMO links provide spatial multiplexing gain and diversity gain. The spatial multiplexing gain provides extremely high spectral efficiencies in multipath channels by simultaneously transmitting multiple independent data streams in the same channel, which is denoted as rate-link. In addition, the diversity gain provides to increase transmission range, which is denoted as range-link. This work simultaneously takes into consideration of rate-link and range-link to develop a new multi-path routing protocol for QoS consideration. In this work, a special multi-path structure, called as bow, is identified in the MIMO ad hoc
networks. Each bow is composed by rate-link and/or range-link. In this paper, a bow-based quality-of-service (QoS) routing protocol, namely BowQR, is developed in MIMO ad hoc networks. Finally, the simulation results illustrate that our BowQR protocol achieves the performance improvements in throughput, success rate, and average latency.

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Related works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Basic idea and challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4 BowQR: Bow-based QoS routing protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.1 Phase 1: bow identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2 Phase 2: bow-based QoS routing path construction . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.3 Phase 3: bow-path maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5 Simulation results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5.1 Success rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.1.1 Success rate vs. density level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.1.2 Success rate vs. mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.1.3 Success rate vs. bandwidth requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.1.4 Success rate vs. average network bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
5.1.5 Success rate vs. ratio of range-link period . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 29
5.2 Throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.2.1 Throughput vs. density level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.2.2 Throughput vs. mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.2.3 Throughput vs. bandwidth requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.2.4 Throughput vs. average network bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
5.2.5 Throughput vs. ratio of range-link period . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 32
5.3 Average latency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 32
5.3.1 Average latency vs. density level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.3.2 Average latency vs. mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.3.3 Average latency vs. bandwidth requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.3.4 Average latency vs. average network bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.3.5 Average latency vs. ratio of range-link period . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.4 Overhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.4.1 Overhead vs. density level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.4.2 Overhead vs. mobility . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.4.3 Overhead vs. bandwidth requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
5.4.4 Overhead vs. average network bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
5.4.5 Overhead vs. ratio of range-link period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
6 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

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