臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

中文摘要
本論文採用精神分析的觀點，探討J. R. R.托爾金（J. R. R. Tolkien）奇幻作品《魔戒》中人類被壓抑的慾望。透過「怪誕」、「雙重自我」、「變形」三個主題的討論，揭露不容於社會規範下、受壓抑的潛在慾望。
第一章探討至尊魔戒的怪誕處。魔戒擁有自己的意志，它的力量強大到足以誘惑、控制、甚至吞噬人心。經由「怪誕」主題的探究，在小說中無法抗拒魔戒誘惑者，表面上被魔戒邪惡力量所控制和吞噬；實際上，受魔戒誘惑者本身想將至尊戒佔為己有的慾望，早已使其內心腐化。因此，魔戒的怪誕處投射出無法抵抗魔戒誘惑者追求權力的慾望和害怕失去權力的恐懼。再則，擁有至尊戒者能成為長生不死、權傾天下的黑暗統治者，由此進一步揭露受魔戒誘惑者追求永恆、不朽的潛在慾望，以及對死亡的恐懼。
第二章討論無法抗拒魔戒誘惑者內心的變形。透過「雙重自我」主題的運用，受魔戒誘惑者想成為權傾天下統治者的慾望太過強烈，導致其內心分裂成兩個自我：原來的自我和另一個追求魔戒的自我。當追求魔戒的自我取代原來的自我，其內心傾向於自戀並追求不朽的自我。因此，小說中受魔戒誘惑者的內心轉變為邪惡；他們只關心個人的權力與不朽，漠視中土世界人民的自由和平。
第三章探究受魔戒誘惑者身體的變形。從「變形」主題的討論，受魔戒誘惑者的內在慾望表現於他們的外觀和行為。於是，當他們的身體變成動物或魔影等非人的形體時，具現其內心想超越身體極限、逃離死亡，以及追求永生的慾望。

Abstract

This thesis aims to study J.R.R. Tolkien’s fantasy, The Lord of the Rings, exploring human beings’desired but repressed desires, from a psychoanalytical perspective. It tries to uncover Tolkien’s concepts of hidden desire which are not allowed under social or cultural rules, I will attempt to make invisible unconscious desire visible through discussing the themes of the uncanny, the double, and transformation.
Chapter One deals with the uncanny of the One Ring of Power. Through the theme of the uncanny, those who cannot or do not resist the lure of the Ring are, on the one hand, controlled by the unfamiliar “living” Ring, which has its own will to tempt and devour its pursuers; on the other, they are corrupted by their own familiar desire for the Ring. Yet the unfamiliar controlling effects of the Ring coincide with its opposite, one’s familiar desire for the Ring. Here, the uncanny effect of the Ring derives from its pursuers’ desire for it. And the change from one’s familiar desire for the Ring into the unfamiliar controlling scenes in the novels is a projection of one’s desire for power and fear of losing power. Furthermore, the uncanny effects of the Ring project its pursuers’ unconscious desire for immortality and unconscious fear of death, because those who possess the Ring can become the greatest and rule the world forever.
Chapter Two explores the pursuers’ mental transformation. Through the theme of the double, the pursuers’ desire to become the greatest is extremely overwhelming. These pursuers are transformed, and that is the reason why the self splits into two parts: the self and the double, the self who pursues the Ring. As soon as the pursuer’s self is replaced by his double, his state of mind is inclined to narcissism and longs for an immortal self. Therefore, those who pursue the Ring change their mind and fall into evil; they care only about their own desire for power and individual immortality rather than everyone’s freedom and peace in Middle-earth.
Chapter Three discusses the pursuers' physical transformation. Through the theme of transformation, we are what we think; we will do what we are. What we think is embodied in our appearance and behavior. As soon as the pursuer’s self becomes the double, his body is transformed into nonhuman form such as an animal, a shadow, or the evil eye. Those who pursue the Ring act according to animal nature or the id, and their nonhuman forms show their desire to transcend the limitation of their mortal bodies. As a result, physical transformation not only externalizes one’s unconscious desire for immortality but also reveals an unconscious fear of death.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements …………………………………………………….. i

Abstract …………………………………………………….. ii

Chinese Abstract …………………………………………………….. iv

Introduction ………………………………………………….... 1
Chapter One
The Uncanny ……………………………………………………… 6
Chapter Two
The Double ……………………………………………………… 26
Chapter Three
Transformation …………………………………………………….. 46

Conclusion ……………………………………………………… 66

Appendix ……………………………………………………… 71

Works Cited ……………………………………………………… 77

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