臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

眾多的研究者，早已證明在工業界安全行為與安全氣氛有非常顯著的關係；不安全的舉動或行為是引起工作場所中的事故與傷害的主要因素，而改善安全行為可減少與工作相關的事故與傷害的次數；安全行為經常關係著執行的品質，因此改善生產率可能是安全行為的附加利益；安全氣氛激發與認可安全行為的重點在於員工的態度和行為，安全氣氛是一個過程並非計劃，它的發展耗時且需要整個團體努力導入許多特色；而本研究企圖證明此理論亦適用於台灣醫界。
我們收集台灣北區擁有8600名員工、3900個床位、全年度門診病患約三百二十萬人次、急診病患約二十四萬人次、住院病患約一百二十六萬人次的某醫學中心急診部之醫生、護士及行政人員共199名參加本研究的問卷調查，回收有效問卷共有162份。
研究重要發現如下：
- 正面的安全氣氛可導致員工更有效的安全行為 (Coefficient of Stepwise Regression = 0.51)。
- 醫院可經由加強正面安全氣氛而降低事故與傷害
- 管理承諾(Factor Loading = 0.61)、全員參與(Factor Loading = 0.62)、安全訓練(Factor Loading = 0.54)為安全氣氛的主要因素。
- 人口統計學的可變因素如職業(p = 0.0002)、性別(p = 0.0003)和教育程度(p=0.0005)與正面的安全氣氛和安全行為有極大的關聯。
最後，建議台灣醫院透過教育訓練可增加員工的安全知識，並加強正面的安全氣氛，有效的影響個人的安全行為，進而降低在醫院中傳染疾病的散播率。

ABSTRACT

Many researchers have shown that Safety Behavior has significant relationship with Safety Climate in industries. For instance, Garavan & O’Brien argued that “Unsafe acts or behaviors are a major causal factor in workplace accidents/injuries. Improved Safety Behavior reduces the frequency of work related accidents and injuries.”; Vredenburgh considered that “Safety Behavior is often tied to quality of performance, and therefore, an added benefit of Safety Behavior maybe an improvement in productivity.”; Barr claimed that “Safety Climate motivates and recognizes Safe Behavior by focusing on the attitudes and behaviors of the employees. It is a process—not a program; it takes time to develop and requires a collective effort to implement its many features.” In this study, we attempt to prove the theory is suitable for Taiwan hospitals as well.
The study has collected the physicians, nurses and staff of a Memorial Hospital located in northern Taiwan, to participate in this investigation and received 162 valid questionnaires as basic data. The hospital employs 8600 people, has 3900 beds, with 3.2M/year outpatients, 240K/year emergency cases and 260K/year inpatients,
Significant findings are as follows:
- A positive Safety Climate can lead to more effective Safety Behavior among staff (Coefficient of Stepwise Regression = 0.51).
- Hospitals can reduce risk of infectious disease outbreak through emphasizing positive Safety Climate, which will lead to Safety Behavior among all staff.
- Management commitment (Factor Loading = 0.61), all employees’ involvement (Factor Loading = 0.62) and safety training (Factor Loading = 0.54) are major factors leading to a positive Safety Climate.
- There are some demographic variables such as profession (p = 0.0002), gender (p = 0.0003) and education level (p = 0.0005) positively associated with Safety Climate and Safety Behavior.
Finally, we suggested some measures to lessen the risk of infectious diseases spreading in Taiwan’s hospitals. Among these suggestions are training that will enhance staff’s safety knowledge and awareness, and other actions for creating a positive Safety Climate and promoting individual Safety Behavior in Taiwan hospitals.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I Introduction…………………………………………...1
1.1 Motivation for the Research………………………………1
1.2 Objectives of the Research…………………………………2
CHAPTER II Literature Review……………………………………4
2.1 Safety Climate…………………………………...……………4
2.2 Safety Behavior……………………………………………….11
2.3 The Relationship Between Safety Climate and Safety
Behavior………………………………………………………...14
CHAPTER III Materials and Methods…………………………..19
3.1 Research Agenda……………………………………………...19
3.2 Study Subjects……………………………………….....….20
3.3 Questionnaire...................................21
3.4 Research Limitation.............................23
3.5 Statistical Analysis..……………..…………………...24
CHAPTER IV Results...................................29
4.1 Descriptive Statistics………………………………………29
4.2 Factor Analysis………………………………………………..31
4.3 Uni-variable Analysis…………………………………..……31
4.4 Multiple-Variable Analysis…………………………………35
CHAPTER V Discussion…………...........................38
CHAPTER VI Conclusions………………………................49
REFERENCES……………………………………………………….....….52
APPENDIX..............................................61
Appendix I: Original Questionnaire....................61
Appendix II: The Results of Factor Analysis...........65
Appendix III: Filtered Questionnaire..................70

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