[洪榮昭92] [洪榮昭 (1992), 電腦輔助教學之設計原理與應用, 師大書苑]
[陳忠06] [陳忠 (2006), 認知語言學研究, 山東教育出版社]
[陳銘偉04] [陳銘偉 (2004), 「問題本位學習」教學模式對高職學生之合作學習與批判思考歷程與成效的影響, 未出版之碩士論文, 中原大學教育研究所, 台灣][劉虹04] [劉虹 (2004), 會話結構分析, 北京大學出版社]
[姜望琪00] [姜望琪 (2000), 語用學-理論及應用, 北京大學出版社]
[Alb95] [Alberta, E. (1995), The future of learning, http://137.82.166.227/paper.html]
[AM93][Albanese, M. A., and Mitchell, S. (1993), Problem-based learning: A review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues. Academic Medicine, 68(1), 52-81]
[Aus62][Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do Things with Words. Oxford.]
[Bar96][Barrows, H. S. (1996), Promblem-based learning: An approach to medical education. New York: Spinder.]
[Bey88][B. K. Beyer (1988), Developing a thinking skills program, Allyn and Bacon Inc, Boston.]
[CQ69][Collins, A. M., and Quillian, M. R., (1969) Retrieval time from semantic memory, Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8.]
[Dan78][Dansereau, D. F. (1978) The development of a learning strategies curriculum, In H.F. O’Neill, Jr., (Ed.), Learning strategies. New York: Academic Press.]
[DCMX79][Dansereau, D. F., Collins, K. W., McDonald, B. A., Holley, C. D., Garland, J. C., Diekhoff, G., and Evans, S. H. (1979) Development and Evaluation of an Effective Learning Strategy Program, Journal of Educational Psychology, 71, pp.64-73]
[Del97][Delisle, R. (1997), How to use problem-based learning in the classroom. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.]
[Dun73][Duncan, S. (1973). Towards a grammar for dyadic conversation. Semiotica 9(1): 29-46]
[Dun74][Duncan, S. (1974), On the structure of speaker-auditor interaction during speaking turns.]
[Edm81][Edmondson, W. (1981). Spoken Discourse: a Model for Analysis. Longman.]
[Gre89] [Green, G. (1989).Pragmatics and Natural Language Understanding. New Jersey: LEA Publishers]
[HBB65][Hare, A.P., Borgatta, E.F., and Bales, R.F. (Eds.). (1965). Small groups: Studies in social interaction. New York: Knopf.]
[HDMX79][Holley, C. D., Dansereau, D. F., McDonald, B. A., Garland, J. C., and Collins, K. W. (1979) Evaluation of a hierarchical mapping technique as an aid to prose processing, Contemporary Educational Psychology, 4, pp.227-237]
[HKST89][Hoppe, H.-U., King, R.T., Schiele, F., & Ti�惷n, A. (1989). The ‘Cognitive User Interface’ Lab at GMD-IPSI. In Proceedings of the CHI '89, New York: Addison Wesley. pp. 307-30]
[HF97][C. E. Hmelo, and M Ferrari ( 1997), The problem-based learning tutorial: Cultivating higher order thinking skills, Journal of the Education of the Gifted, 20(4), 401-422.]
[HR97][B. Hoffman, and D. Ritchie (1997), Using multimedia to vercome the problems with problem based learning, Instructional Science, 25, 97-115.]
[JPM01][J. M. Vidal, P. A. Buhler, & M. N. Huhns, (2001). Inside an Agent, IEEE Internet Computing, Jan•Feb, 82-86.]
[KCDX02][Rita Kuo, Maiga Chang, Da-Xian Dong, Kun-Yuan Yang, and Jia-Sheng Heh (2002), Applying Knowledge Map to Intelligent Agents in Problem Solving Systems, World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications (ED-Media 2002), Denver, Colorado, USA, Jun. 24-29, 2002]
[Mar75][Marvin Minsky (1975) . Frame-system theory. In R.C. Theoretical Issues in Natural Language Processing, 104 –116.]
[Ore83][Orestrom, B. (1983). Turn-taking in English Conversation. Lund, Gleerup.]
[PV03][Piwek, P. and van Deemter, K. (2003). Dialogue as Discourse: Controlling Global Properties of Scripted Dialogue. In: Proceedings of AAAI Spring Symposium on Natural Language Generation in Spoken and Written Dialogue, March 24-26, Palo Alto, CA.]
[RS83][Richards, J. C. and Schmidt, R. W. (1983). Conversational analysis. In Richards, J. C. and Schmidt, R. W. (eds.) Language and communication 117-154 Longman.]
[Sac72][Sacks, H. (1972). An initial investigation of the usability of conversational data for doing sociology. In Sudnow, D. (ed.) Studies in social interaction: 31-74. Free Press, New York]
[SS73][Schegloff, E. A. and Sacks, H. (1973). Opening up closings. American Anthropologist 70(6): 1075-1095]
[Sch78][Schegloff, E. A. (1978). On come questions and ambiguities in conversation. In: W. U. Dressler, ed. , Current trends in text linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter: 81-102]
[Sea69][Searle, J. R. (1969). Speech Acts. An Essay in the Philosophy of Language. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.]
[Sea71][Searle, J. R. (1971). The Philosophy of Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press]
[Sea72][Searle, J. R. (1972). What is a speech act? In Giglioli, P (ed.) Language and Social Context, Harmondsworth: Penguin]
[Sel94][Selker T. (1994), Coach: A Teaching Agent that Learns, Communications of the ACM, Vol.37, No.7, pp.92-99.]
[SPWZ96][Sycara, K., A. Pannu, M. Williamson and Zeng, D. (1996), Distributed Intelligent Agents, IEEE Expert, v11, n6, pp.36-46.]
[SSJ74][Sacks, H. , Schegloff, E. A. & Jefferson, G. (1974). A simplest systematics for the organisation of turn-taking for conversation. Language 50 (4) 696-735]
[Var93][Vars, G. F. (1993), Interdisciplinary Teaching: Why, and How. Columbus, OH: National Middle School Association.]
[WF89][Wilerson, L. and Feletti, G.. (1989), Problem-based learning: One approach to increasing student participation. In A. F. Lucas (Ed.), New Directions for Teaching and Learning, pp.51-60. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.]
[Wit53][Wittgenstein Ludwig (1953), Philosophical Investigations. Basil Blackwell, Oxford.]