臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究使用微細發泡射出成型技術探討製程條件對尼龍6/氟化雲母奈米複合材料機械性質之影響，以尼龍6與尼龍6/氟化雲母奈米複合材料為成型材料，氮氣﹙N2﹚作為發泡劑。在不同的射速、熔膠溫度、背壓、預塑量和超臨界流體﹙SCF﹚含量的製程參數下，進行拉伸與衝擊之研究。另一方面，分別使用X-ray、示差掃描熱分析儀（DSC）、動態機械分析（DMA）、掃瞄式電子顯微鏡﹙SEM﹚探討材料的機械性質、熱性質、結晶性質與發泡結構之變化。
研究結果顯示，2.5mm厚度方面，放置一星期後的微細發泡尼龍6奈米複材之拉伸強度比純尼龍還小，而放置十個月後的微細發泡尼龍6奈米複材之拉伸強度仍然沒有太大的變動，但微細發泡純尼龍6之拉伸強度卻降低19%，1.2mm厚度之微細發泡尼龍6奈米複材則降低4.5%。2.5mm厚度方面，微細發泡尼龍6奈米複材之拉伸強度隨著射速、熔膠溫度、預塑量、MPP的提高而增加，但隨著SCF含量的提高而降低，而純尼龍6之拉伸強度隨著射速、預塑量、MPP的提高而增加，但隨熔膠溫度與SCF含量的提高而沒有決定性之影響。1.2mm厚度方面，微細發泡尼龍6奈米複材之拉伸強度隨著射速、熔膠溫度、預塑量、MPP的提高而增加，但隨著SCF含量的提高而沒有明顯的影響。衝擊強度方面，尼龍6奈米複材之衝擊強度隨著MPP的提高而降低，隨著模溫的提高而增加，但隨著射速、熔膠溫度、預塑量與SCF含量的提高而沒有決定性之影響。

This study investigates the effects of microcellular injection molding process parameters: mold temperature, melt temperature, short shot size, melt plastification pressure(MPP), SCF level, and injection speed on the mechanical properties of the Nylon6/Fluoromica nanocomposites. Other properties are investigated by X-ray, DSC, DMA, and SEM. The result shows that the tensile strength of the microcellular injection molded Nylon 6/nanocomposites is lower than that of neat Nylon 6 after one week under constant humidity condition. However, the tensile strength of the microcellular Nylon 6/nanocomposites is not changed very much and it is reduced 19% of its original value for neat Nylon 6 after ten months under constant humidity condition. As the injection speed, short shot size, and MPP are increased, the tensile strength of both microcellular injection molded neat Nylon 6 and Nylon 6/nanocomposites are increased. The impact strength of Nylon 6/nanocomposites is decreased as MPP is increased, but it is increased as melt temperature is increased. The addition of the nano material to the Nylon 6 can improve the foaming density and make the bubble smaller.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2傳統複合材料與高分子/奈米複合材料之概述 2
1.2.1高分子/奈米複合材料發展現況與應用 3
1.3傳統射出成型與發泡射出成型之概述 4
1.3.1傳統射出成型製程之簡介 4
1.3.2發泡射出成型製程之簡介 5
1.3.3超臨界流體微細發泡射出成型製程之簡介 6
1.4文獻回顧 8
1.5研究動機與目的 12
1.6本文架構 13
第二章 基本原理 19
2.1高分子/奈米複合材料之分類與製備 19
2.2無機層材料之特性 22
2.3發泡塑膠 23
2.3.1發泡材料之分類與原理 23
2.3.2發泡劑之分類與原理 24
2.4超臨界流體（Super Critical Fluid, SCF） 28
2.5超臨界流體微細發泡射出成型製程 30
2.5.1超臨界流體微細發泡射出成型製程原理 30
2.5.2微細發泡射出成型製程條件對發泡成品的影響 32
2.5.3氣泡成長理論 35
第三章 實驗方法 42
3.1實驗規劃與流程 42
3.2實驗材料 42
3.3實驗設備 43
3.4實驗方法 45
3.4.1 X-ray繞射儀測試 45
3.4.2微細發泡射出成型之製程條件設定 46
3.4.3機械性質測試 46
3.4.4 DSC測試 49
3.4.5 DMA測試 49
3.4.6 SEM測試 50
第四章 結果與討論 63
4.1 X-ray繞射儀的測試結果探討 63
4.2機械性質探討 63
4.2.1製程條件對拉伸試片的拉伸強度影響之探討 64
4.2.2製程條件對衝擊試片的衝擊強度影響之探討 68
4.3 DSC測試結果探討 69
4.4 DMA測試結果探討 70
4.5 SEM測試結果探討 71
第五章 結論與未來發展方向 100
5.1結論 100
5.2未來發展方向 101
參考文獻 103
簡 歷 108

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