臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

無電鍍鎳沉積於基材上，有助於增加基材的耐腐蝕與耐磨耗性，因此廣泛應用在石油、化學、塑膠、機械、電子、軍事、航空等工業。本研究以無電鍍法，在無電鍍鎳液加入不同濃度的氧化鋁粉末(0.3μm)鍍析於5083鋁鎂合金基材表面上，以探討無電鍍鎳層與無電鍍鎳複合鍍層，分別對鍍膜的耐磨耗、耐腐蝕、耐腐蝕磨耗做研究比較。首先利用掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)和X光能量散射分析儀(EDS)，對鍍膜腐蝕前後的表面微結構與形貌及元素成分含量分析討論，以維克氏微硬度測試與表面粗度計量測鍍膜硬度及表面粗糙度。電化學動態極化方法，量測分析鍍膜的抗腐蝕與抗腐蝕磨耗性，以及使用無電鍍鎳氧化鋁鍍膜塊對燒結氧化鋁陶瓷環，鍍膜表面進行乾磨耗與腐蝕磨耗試驗，分別於空氣中與3.5％NaCl腐蝕溶液環境下。
實驗結果顯示無電鍍鎳氧化鋁複合鍍層在氧化鋁粉末濃度達20～25g/L時，鍍膜的氧化鋁粉末有較均勻及緻密附著，使得鍍膜有最佳的抗腐蝕性。在空氣中與3.5％NaCl腐蝕溶液進行磨耗試驗，氧化鋁複合鍍膜與5083鋁鎂合金基材相比，有較低的摩擦係數及較少的磨損量，顯示氧化鋁複合鍍膜對5083鋁鎂合金有優越的磨耗腐蝕保護性。在3.5％NaCl溶液進行電化學動態極化磨耗試驗時，氧化鋁複合鍍膜也比無電鍍鎳層及5083鋁鎂合金均有較佳的抗腐蝕膜耗性，鍍膜沒有腐蝕磨耗破壞現象。

Deposition of nickel coating on substrate, the coatings have been widely used in the oil, chemical, plastic, mechanical, an electronic, military affairs and aviation industries owing to increase the wear, abrasion and corrosion resistance of substrate. The purpose of this study is to investigate the wear, corrosion and corrosion-wear resistance of electroless nickel coatings and electroless nickel composite coatings containing Al2O3 powder (diameter 0.3μm) additive with different concentration for compared. Surface morphologies, element compositions and surface roughness of the composite coatings before and after all tests are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive analyzer (EDS) and surface roughness measurement. Also, the surface hardness of these composite coatings is measured by Micro Vickers Hardness test instrument. Electrochemical polarization measurements are performed for analyzing both corrosion and wear-corrosion characteristics under static and wearing conditions, using the block-on-ring surface friction manner to evaluate the dry wear and wear-corrosion behavior of these composite coatings in air and 3.5% NaCl solution, respectively. The friction ring counterpart is made of a sintered Al2O3.
The experimental results indicated that all the electroless nickel composite coatings possessed a beneficial effect to improve the corrosion protection, wear and wear-corrosion resistance for the 5083 Al-Mg alloy substrate. The corrosion resistance of the composite coatings increases with increasing concentration of Al2O3 powder, and concentration of 20-25 g/L the maximum corrosion resistance is found, the hardness of electroless nickel composite coatings with increasing concentration. Both dry wear in air and wet wear in 3.5% NaCl solution, the electroless nickel composite coatings as comparing with 5083 aluminum alloy substrate show lower coefficient of friction and less wear loss. This evidences that electroless nickel composite coatings have an excellent protection of wear corrosion failure. Further performing potentiodynamic polarization test during wear in 3.5% NaCl solution, the electroless nickel composite coatings also indicate a better wear corrosion resistance as comparing with electroless nickel coating and 5083 aluminum alloy substrate, moreover the coating surface without any significant wear failure phenomena.

中文摘要.............................................................i
英文摘要............................................................ii
致謝................................................................iv
圖目錄 ............................................................vii
表目錄...............................................................x
第一章 前言...........................................................1
第二章 文獻回顧.......................................................3
2.1鋁合金.......................................................3
2.1.1 鋁合金特性...............................................3
2.2無電鍍法.....................................................4
2.2.1 無電鍍特性...............................................4
2.2.2 無電鍍鎳成分與反應機構....................................5
2.2.3 無電鍍鎳的影響因素........................................7
2.3腐蝕的定義....................................................8
2.3.1 腐蝕的種類...............................................8
2.4磨耗的定義...................................................10
2.4.1 影響耐磨耗性的因素.......................................10
2.4.2 磨耗類型...............................................10
2.4.3 磨耗機構...............................................13
2.5磨耗腐蝕....................................................14
2.6電化學量測...................................................15
2.6.1 極化原理...............................................15
2.6.2 混合電位原理............................................17
第三章 實驗步驟......................................................19
3.1無電鍍鎳磷鍍膜...............................................20
3.1.1 試片製作...............................................20
3.1.2 試片表面處理............................................20
3.1.3 有機溶劑與鍍液配製.......................................21
3.1.4 實驗過程...............................................22
3.1.5 鍍著操作控制............................................24
3.2觀察薄膜表面微結構............................................25
3.3表面粗度測定器...............................................26
3.4微硬度試驗...................................................27
3.5乾磨耗試驗...................................................28
3.6電化學腐蝕試驗...............................................28
3.7腐蝕磨耗試驗.................................................30
第四章 實驗結果與討論.................................................31
4.1鍍膜表面微結構與機械性質分析...................................31
4.1.1 鍍膜表面微結構..........................................31
4.1.2 鎳磷鍍膜沉積微結構.......................................38
4.1.3 鍍膜表面元素分析........................................42
4.1.4 鍍膜表面粗糙度分析.......................................45
4.1.5 微硬度試驗..............................................47
4.2磨耗試驗....................................................50
4.2.1 乾磨耗試驗..............................................50
4.2.2 濕磨耗試驗..............................................55
4.3電化學腐蝕分析...............................................60
4.4腐蝕磨耗試驗.................................................66
第五章 結論..........................................................72
參考文獻..........................................................73

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