臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為有效解決國內金融機構家數過多、惡性競爭的情形，並使我國金融機構符合國際間朝向大型化經營的發展趨勢，政府陸續通過「銀行法」、「金融機構合併法」及「金融控股公司法」，鼓勵同業及異業合併。本研究乃蒐集1994-2004年35家本國商業銀行組成的panel data，藉由隨機邊界成本函數的推估，考慮對稱性隨機干擾項具有異質變異情況，計算各商業銀行的效率指標。藉由銀行各特性變數，來探討各種經營策略對銀行經營績效與成本風險之影響。實證結果發現對中小企業放款比率、銀行的資產規模、自動化程度、催收款比率越低的銀行，其成本效率越高；營業利益率、存放比率、金融卡發卡張數、自有資金比率越高的銀行，越能提升其成本效率。而成本風險方面，財務槓桿程度、催收款比率越高的銀行，其成本風險越高；資本適足率、投資淨額、手續費及佣金收入越高的銀行，其成本風險越低。

To resolve the situations of outnumbered financial institutions and the vicious competitions among them, and also to make our domestic financial institutes stronger and keep up with the international trend, the government has legislated「Banking Law」,「Law Governing Merger of Financial Institutions」and「Financial Holding Company Act」to encourage amalgamation between institutions involving in the same and different trades. A stochastic cost frontier model allowed symmetric random disturbance for heteroskedasticity was applied to a panel data set composed of the observations from 35 commercial banks during 1994-2004.The evidence shows that the variables of medium business loan ratio, total assets, number of ATM, and overdue loan ratio had a negative effect on banks’ efficiency. The variables of operating profit margin, loans to deposits ratio, numbers of IC card, equity ratio had a positive effect on banks’ efficiency.

目 錄
第一章 緒論.............................................1
第一節 研究背景.........................................1
第二節 研究動機與目的...................................5
第三節 研究架構.........................................6
第二章 文獻探討.........................................7
第一節 銀行業的投入和產出界定...........................7
第二節 金融機構評估效率之相關文........................13
第三節 縱橫資料相關文獻................................19
第三章 研究範圍與資料來源及建立實證模型................22
第一節 研究樣本、資料來源..............................22
第二節 變數說明........................................25
第三節 研究方法........................................35
第四節 實證模型........................................39
第四章 實證結果分析....................................46
第一節 敘述統計分析....................................46
第二節 成本函數與成本無效率、成本風險迴歸式之估計......51
第三節 各銀行和各年度之成本無效率與成本風險指標........61
第五章 結論與建議......................................70
第一節 結論............................................70
第二節 建議............................................71
參考文獻................................................73
附錄....................................................79

參考文獻
中文部分
1.沈中華（2002），「金控公司的銀行與獨立銀行CAMEL比較：1997-1998」，《台灣金融財務季刊》，3(3)，73-94。
2.林炳文 (2002)，「台灣地區商業銀行合併之效率分析」，《風險管理學報》，3(1)，1-21。
3.林炳文 (2003)，「臺灣地區商業銀行合併效率性之分析：資料包絡分析法的應用」，《臺灣管理學刊》，1(2)，141-151。
4.林卓民 (2006)，「金融控股公司旗下子銀行成本效率之探討」，《臺灣銀行季刊》，57(1)，1-16。
5.徐清俊、周孫宇 (2004)，「臺灣地區金控銀行成本效率之研究」，《遠東學報》，21(1)，1-12頁
6.許鈺珮、張錫介 (2005)，「金融控股公司法實施對台灣銀行業經營效率影響之分析」《金融風險管理季刊》，1(2)，33-56
7.陳家彬、許雯絞 (1994)，「台灣地區新銀行經營略之研究-策略群子模式之實證應用」，《台灣銀行季刊》，47(4)，1-34。
8.陳碧绣 (1995)，「台灣地區本國銀行成本邊界函數之分析」，
《東吳經濟商學報》，第16期，11-154。
9.陳碧恿 (1995)，「台灣地區本國銀行經營效率之分析」，《東吳經濟商學學報》，第16期，111-54。
10.陳澤義、葉彩蓮 (1998)，「台灣地區銀行的總效率與技術效率-資料包絡分析之應用」，《台灣銀行季刊》，49(2)，163-183。
11.陳振遠、吳炳松 (2002)，「銀行分支機構經營效率評估之研究」，《臺灣銀行季刊 》，53(4)，1-24。
12.陳永琦、傅祖壇 (2003)，「本國銀行合併之效益分析」，《經濟研究》，39(2)，173-196。
13.黃台心 (1997)，「臺灣地區本國銀行成本效率之實證研究--隨機邊界模型之應用」，《人文及社會科學集刊》，9(1)，85-123。
14. 黃台心 (1998)，「以隨機成本邊界函數分析本國銀行的規模與多元經」，《經濟論文叢刊》，26(2)，209-241。
15.黃台心 (2002)，「我國多產出銀行業不完全競爭策略行為之研究」，《經濟論文》，30(1)，79-113。
16.黃台心、陳盈秀 (2005)，「應用三階段估計法探討臺灣地區銀行業經濟效率」，《貨幣市場》，9(6)，1-29。
17.彭美玲 (2005)，「本國銀行經營績效之實證研究」，《商管科技季刊》，6(1)，137-163。
18.鄭秀玲、劉錦添、陳欽奇 (1997)，「臺灣中小企業銀行的效率分析(1986-1994年)」《經濟論文》，25(1)，69-95。
19.鄭秀玲、周群新 (1998)，「調整風險後之銀行效率分析: 臺灣銀行業的實證研究」《經濟論文叢刊》，26(3)，337-366。
20.鄭秀玲、劉育碩 (2000)，「銀行規模、多角化程度與經濟效率分析：資料包絡法之應用」，《人文及社會科學集刊》，12(1)，103-148。
21.歐陽遠芬、陳碧綉 (2001)，「銀行的購併與經營績效--規模經濟、範疇經濟與效率之分析」，《臺灣銀行季刊》，52(3)，1-18。
22.戴錦周、吳明義（2003），「台灣商業銀行成本經濟效率影響因素之探討」，《台灣金融經濟金融季刊》，39(1)，45-61。
23.羅容�琚B吳桂華(1995) ，「銀行經營效率之比較與改進之研
究」，《台灣銀行季刊》，46(1)，93-121。

英文部分
1. Alhadeff, D. A. (1954), “Monopoly and Competition in Banking,”Berkeley: University of California Press.
2. Aigner, D., C. A. K. Lovell, and P. Schmidt, (1977), “Formulation and Estimation of Stochastic Frontier Production Function Models,” Journal of Econometrics, 6, 21-37.
3.Aly, H. Y., R. Grabowski, C. Pasurka , and N. Rangan (1990), “Technical,Scale, and Allocative Efficiencies in U.S. Banking: An Empirical Investigation,” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 72, 211- 218.
4.Altunbas,Y ,J. Goddard, and P. Molyneux (1999), “Technical Change in Banking,”Economics Letters, 64, 215-21.
5.Altunbas, Y., M. H. Liu, P. Molyneux, and R. Seth (2000), “Efficiency and Risk in Japanese Banking,”Journal of Banking and Finance, 24, 1605-1628.
6.Battese, G. E. and Corra, G. S. (1977), “Estimation of A Production Frontier Model: With Application to The Pastoral Zone of Eastern Australia.” Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 21, 169-79.
7. Berger, A. N. and D. B. Humphrey, (1991), “The Dominance of Inefficiencies Over Scale and Product Mix Economies In Banking,”Journal of Monetray Economics, 28, 117-48.
8. Barr , Richard S , Lawrence M. Seiford , and Thmas F. Siems (1993) ,“An
Envelopment –Analysis Approach to Measuring the Managerial Efficiency of Banks , ”Annals of Opperations Research , 45 , 1993 , 1-19.
9.Battese, G. E, and T. J. Coelli (1995) , “A Model for Technical Inefficiency Effect in a Stochastic Frontier Production for Panel Data,” Empirical Economics, 20(2), 325–332.
10.Bhattacharyya, Arunava, C.A.K. Lovell and Pankaj Sahay (1997), “The Impact of Liberalization on the Productive Efficiency of Indian Commercial Banks,” European Journal of Operational Research, 98, 332-345.
11.Coelli, T. (1994), A Guide to Frontier Version 4.1: A Computer Program for Stochastic Frontier Production and Cost Function Estimation, User Guide to Computer Program Frontier Version 4.1, Unpublished Mimeo.
12.Chen, Tser-Yieth and Tsai-Lien Yeh (1999), “Technical and Scale Efficiency in Taiwan''s Banks,” Asia Pacific Journal of Finance, 2, 1-15.
13.Christopoulos D. K., S. E. G. Lolos, and E.G. Tsionas. (2002), “Efficiency of the Greek Banking System in View of the EMU: a Heteroscedastic Stochastic Frontier Approach,”Journal of Policy Modeling, 24, 813-829.
14.Elyasiani, Eugene and S. Mehdian (1990), “Efficiency in the Commercial Banking Industry, a Production Frontier Approach,” Aly Economics, 22, 539-551.
15.English, M., S. Grosskopg, K. Hayes, and S. Yaisawarng (1993), “Output Allocative and Technical Efficiency of Banks,” Journal of Banking and Finance, 17, 349-366.
16.Farrell, M. J. (1957), “The Measurement of Productive Efficiency,” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 120, 253-290. Part Ⅲ.
17 Forsund, F. R., C. A. K. Lovell, and P. Schmidt, (1980), “A Survey of Frontier Production Functions and of their Relationship to Efficiency Measurement,” Journal of Econometrics, 13, 5-25.
18.Ferrier, G. D. and C. A. Lovell (1990), “Measuring Cost Efficiency in Banking-Econometric and Linear Programming Evidence,” Journal of Econometrics, 46, 229-245.
19.Gramley, L. (1962), “A Study of Scale Economics in Banking,” Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
20.Hancock Diana (1985), “Bank Profitability,Interest Rates and Monetary Policy,” Journal of Money ,Credit and Banking,189-202.
21.Hadri K. (1999) , “Estimation of A Doubly Heteroscedastic Stochastic Frontier Cost Function,” Journal of Business& Economics Statistics , 17(3) , 359-363.
22.Huang, M. H. and C. J Huang (2002), “The Impact of Banking Regulatory Reform on the Industry’s Productivity and Efficiency in Taiwan,”A Presentation at the Asia Conference on Efficiency and Productivity Growth at the Academia Sinica,Taipei, Taiwan.
23. Hadri K, Guermat C. and Whittaker J (2003), “Estimation of Technical Inefficiency Effects Using Panel Data and Doubly Heteroscedastic Stochastic Production Frontiers,” Empirical Economics , 28,203-222.
24.Just R., Pope R.D.(1978), “ Stochastic Specification of Production Functions and Economic Implications,” Journal of Econometrics, 7, 67-86.
25.Just, R. and R.D. Pope(1979), “Production Function Estimation and Related Risk Considerations,” American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 61,277-84.
26.Kaparakis, E. I., S. M. Miller, and A. G. Noulas (1994), “Short-Run Cost Inefficiency of Commercial Banks : A Flexible Stochastic Frontier Approach,” Journal of Money,Credit, and Banking, 26(4),875-893.
27.Kumbhakar, S.C., Lovell, C.A.K.(2000), “Stochastic Frontier Analysis,” Cambridge University Press, New York.
28.Leibenstein, H. (1996), “Allocative Efficiency vs. X-Efficiency,” American Economic Review, 56, 392-415.
29.Li, Yang (2003), “The Asian Financial Crisis & Non-Performing Loans:Evidence From Commercial Banks in Taiwan” International Journal of Management, 20(1), 69-74.
30.Mackara, W. F. (1975), “What Do Banks Produce” Review of Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, 70-74.
31.Miller S. M. , and A. G. Noulars (1996),“The Technical Efficiency of Large Banking Production, ”Journal of Banking and Finance , Vol.20 , 495-509.
32.Oral, M. O. Kettani, and R. Yolalan (1992), “An Empirical Study on Analyzing the Productivity of Bank Branches,” IIE Transactions, 24, 166-177.
33.Powers,J.A.(1969), “Branch v.s Unit Banking:Bank Output and Cost Economics”, Southern Economics and Journal, 36,153-164.
34.Peristiani, S. (1997), “Do Mergers Improve that X-Efficiency and Scale Efficiency of U.S. Banks? Evidence form the 1980s,” Journal of Money,Credit, and Banking, 29, 326-37.
35.Sealey,C.W.and J.T.Lindley (1977),“Input, Outputs,and a Theory of Production and Cost at Depositary Financial Institutions”, Journal of Financial, 32, 1251-1266.
36.Schmidit,P and R.C Sickles(1984) ,“Production Frontier and Panel Data.” Journal of Business and Economic Statistic, 2 ,367-374.
37. Sherman, H. D. and F. Gold (1985), “Bank Branch Operating Efficiency,” Journal of Banking and Finance, 9, 297-315.
38.Siems , T. F. (1992) ,“ Quantifying Management’s Role in Bank Survival,”Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Economic Reviews,2,29-41.
39.Yue, P. (1992), “Data Envelopment Analysis and Commercial Bank Performance: A Primer with Application to Missouri Bank,” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 31-45.