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研究生:鄭仁傑
研究生(外文):Jen-Chieh Cheng
論文名稱:蘇力菌鮎澤亞種cry1Aa、cry1Ab、cry1C及cry1Da基因之選殖與表現
論文名稱(外文):Cloning and Expression of cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C, and cry1Da Genes from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai
指導教授:劉炳嵐
指導教授(外文):Bing-Lan Liu
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:朝陽科技大學
系所名稱:應用化學系碩士班
學門:自然科學學門
學類:化學學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2005
畢業學年度:94
語文別:中文
論文頁數:133
中文關鍵詞:回應曲面法殺蟲晶體蛋白蘇力菌鮎澤亞種
外文關鍵詞:response surface methodologyinsecticidal crystal proteinBacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai
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本研究將商品(見大吉,Xentari)中的蘇力菌鮎澤亞種(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai)之cry1Aa、cry1Ab、cry1C及cry1Da四個基因分別選殖於無質體蘇力菌Cry-B受體細胞中表現。當cry1Aa、cry1Ab、cry1C及cry1Da四株重組菌株以CYS培養基進行培養,表現之總蛋白濃度分別可達到640、1700、1400及1500 μg/mL。初步生物檢定結果發現,四株重組菌株所分泌之毒素皆能對小菜蛾(三齡初)與擬尺蠖(二齡初)害蟲造成93%與96%以上之死亡率。經進一步試驗分析,當cry1Aa、cry1Ab、cry1C及cry1Da重組菌株以總蛋白濃度對擬尺蠖進行三天生物檢定試驗,結果顯示其LC50值分別為24.9、13.4、7.3及13.2 μg/mL。本研究嘗試以二齡初擬尺蠖為試驗對象,利用回應曲面法尋求不同重組菌株表現之蛋白質最適混拌配比。結果顯示,當cry1Ab及cry1C重組菌株表現出之總蛋白濃度以27.8及24.6 μg/mL進行混拌時,擬尺蠖之平均死亡率為97.8%。
Four cry genes (cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C and cry1Da) were cloned separately from a commercial product Xentari (based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai) and expressed in an acrystalliferous B. thuringiensis (Cry-B) respectively. Total protein produced by recombinant strains of cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C and cry1Da were 640, 1700, 1400 and 1500 μg/mL respectively which caused more than 93% mortality against Plutella xylostella (3rd-instar larvae) and 96% mortality against Trichoplusia ni (2nd-instar larvae).
The LC50 expressed in ppm of the total protein against 2nd-instar larvae of T. ni from recombinant strains of cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C and cry1Da after 72 h incubation were 24.9, 13.4, 7.3 and 13.2 μg/mL respectively. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to find the optimal ratio of protein combination from different recombinant strains against 2nd-instar larvae of T. ni.
Results showed that the optimal ratio of protein mixture from cry1Ab and cry1C was 27.8 and 24.6 μg/mL respectively, which gave a mortality of 97.8% against 2nd-instar larvae of T. ni.
中文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII

第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 3
1-2-1 蘇力菌之特性 3
1-2-2 蘇力菌殺蟲晶體蛋白基因之分類 3
1-2-3 蘇力菌殺蟲晶體蛋白質之結構與功能 7
1-2-4 蘇力菌殺蟲晶體蛋白質之作用機制 8
1-2-5 蘇力菌的應用 9
1-3 實驗目的與動機 13
第二章 蘇力菌殺蟲基因之選殖 21
2-1 前言 21
2-2 材料與方法 22
2-3 結果與討論 34
第三章 蘇力菌殺蟲基因之表現 69
3-1 前言 69
3-2 材料與方法 71
3-3 結果與討論 76
第四章 利用回應曲面法設計蘇力菌毒素產物最適配比之初步探討92
4-1 前言 92
4-2 材料與方法 93
4-2-1 回應曲面法之實驗設計 93
4-2-2 回應曲面法原理 94
4-2-3 二水準因子設計(two-level factorial design) 95
4-2-4 陡升路徑法(method of path steepest ascent, PSA) 97
4-2-5 中心混成設計(central composite design, CCD) 100
4-2-6 回應曲面模式適切性之統計檢驗 100
4-2-7 實驗設計 101
4-2-8 生物活性檢定 102
4-3 結果與討論 103
第五章 結論與展望 116
參考文獻 119
附錄A 129
作者簡歷 133

表目錄
表3-1 不同供試蘇力菌株於CYS培養基培養5天後之總蛋白質含量 82
表3-2 不同樣品之蛋白質原液對甜菜夜蛾(三齡初)之生物檢定 86
表3-3 不同樣品之蛋白質原液對斜紋夜盜(三齡初)之生物檢定 87
表3-4 不同樣品之蛋白質原液對小菜蛾(三齡初)之生物檢定 89
表3-5 不同樣品之蛋白質原液對擬尺蠖(二齡初)之生物檢定 90
表3-6 利用probit analysis軟體計算不同樣品對二齡初擬尺蠖之LC5值及95%信賴區間 91
表4-1 回應曲面法一階實驗設計表 106
表4-2 回應曲面法一階實驗之結果 107
表4-3 回應曲面法陡升路徑之實驗設計表 108
表4-4 回應曲面法陡升路徑之實驗結果 109
表4-5 回應曲面法中心混成(二階)之實驗設計表 110
表4-6 回應曲面法中心混成(二階)之實驗結果 111
表4-7 二種因子中心混成實驗之回歸分析表 112
表4-8 回應曲面法中心混成(二階)之最大值 113
表4-9 X-1Ab及X-1C毒素產物以最適混拌配比混合後對二齡初擬尺蠖之生物檢定結果 114

圖目錄
圖2-1 利用1Aa22A和1Aa30B引子,針對cry1Aa基因進行聚合酵素連鎖反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、圖上方數字表聚合酵素反應時引子黏合之溫度) 43
圖2-2 利用1Ab22A和1Ab24B引子,針對cry1Ab基因進行聚合酵素連鎖反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、圖上方數字表聚合酵素反應時引子黏合之溫度) 44
圖2-3 利用1C32A和1C30B引子,針對cry1C基因進行聚合酵素連鎖反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、圖上方數字表聚合酵素反應時引子黏合之溫度) 45
圖2-4 利用1Da22A和1Da24B引子,針對cry1Da基因進行聚合酵素連鎖反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、圖上方數字表聚合酵素反應時引子黏合之溫度) 46
圖2-5 利用heat shock方式將pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C及pαHY300-1Da表現質體轉形於大腸桿菌DH5α勝任細胞中,經Bam HI、Sal I限制酵素反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、1∼4為pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C、pαHY300-1Da) 47
圖2-6 利用heat shock方式將pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C及pαHY300-1Da表現質體轉形於大腸桿菌DH5α勝任細胞中,經PCR反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、1∼4為pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C、pαHY300-1Da) 48
圖2-7 利用電穿孔方式將pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C及pαHY300-1Da表現質體轉形於蘇力菌無質體Cry-B受體細胞中,經Bam HI、Sal I限制酵素反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、1∼4為pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C、pαHY300-1Da) 49
圖2-8 利用電穿孔方式將pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C及pαHY300-1Da表現質體轉形於蘇力菌無質體Cry-B受體細胞中,經PCR反應後,以1% 洋菜膠體進行電泳之分析圖(M為1 kb DNA分子標誌、1∼4為pαHY300-1Aa、pαHY300-1Ab、pαHY300-1C、pαHY300-1Da) 50
圖2-9 選殖株Bt-1Aa中cry1Aa之核苷酸序列
(底線為起始密碼子、雙底線為終止密碼子) 52
圖2-10 選殖株Bt-1Ab中cry1Ab之核苷酸序列
(底線為起始密碼子、雙底線為終止密碼子) 54
圖2-11 選殖株Bt-1C中cry1C之核苷酸序列
(底線為起始密碼子、雙底線為終止密碼子) 56
圖2-12 選殖株Bt-1Da中cry1Da之核苷酸序列
(底線為起始密碼子、雙底線為終止密碼子) 58
圖2-13 pαHY300-1Aa表現質體於蘇力菌Cry-B受體細胞的留存性分
析(-■- without tetracyclin表塗抹在LB agar上;-●-with tetracyclin表塗抹在含有tetracyclin LB agar上) 59
圖2-14 pαHY300-1Ab表現質體於蘇力菌Cry-B受體細胞的留存性分
析(-■- without tetracyclin表塗抹在LB agar上;-●-with tetracyclin表塗抹在含有tetracyclin LB agar上) 60
圖2-15 pαHY300-1C表現質體於蘇力菌Cry-B受體細胞的留存性分
析(-■- without tetracyclin表塗抹在LB agar上;-●-with tetracyclin表塗抹在含有tetracyclin LB agar上) 61
圖2-16 pαHY300-1Da表現質體於蘇力菌Cry-B受體細胞的留存性分
析(-■- without tetracyclin表塗抹在LB agar上;-●-with tetracyclin表塗抹在含有tetracyclin LB agar上) 62
圖3-1 不同蛋白質樣品經SDS-PAGE電泳及Coomassie brilliant blue染色後之分析圖(M:蛋白質分子量標記;1~4:X-1Aa、X-1Ab、X-1C及X-1Da樣品;5:Xentari樣品;6:αHY300樣品;7:Cry-B樣品) 83
圖3-2 選殖株Bt-1Aa中cry1Aa之部分核苷酸序列,發現在2575 bp
位置上有另一終止密碼出現(雙底線及紅色單線部分為終止密碼子) 84
圖3-3 不同蛋白質樣品經Solubilized蘇力菌殺蟲晶體蛋白質的製備處理後,以SDS-PAGE電泳及銀染色之分析圖(M:蛋白質分子量標記;1:Xentari樣品;2~5:X-1Aa、X-1Ab、X-1C及X-1Da樣品;6:Cry-B樣品) 85
圖3-4 不同樣品之蛋白質原液對斜紋夜盜蟲(三齡初)試驗三天後之結果 88
圖4-1 回應曲面法實驗設計之概念圖 96
圖4-2 回應曲面法陡升路徑之概念圖 99
圖4-3 X-1Ab毒素和X-1C毒素對二齡初擬尺蠖害蟲死亡率之回應取面圖 115
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