臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

己醇酯類，為一種帶“青味”且具有水果般的芳香的合成酯類，廣泛應用於食品、化妝品及香料工業。生物反應器，具有普遍、容易操作、連續式與適合長期反應等優點。為滿足消費者喜好”天然”的需求，以脂解酵素合成己醇酯類已為必然的趨勢。再配合生物反應器連續式合成並加以量化生產。不但可符合大眾對“天然”之需求，使消費者無安全上之顧慮，又可符合工業界對“成本”的考量。
故本研究主要選擇脂解酵素IM77催化正己醇(Hexanol)與月桂酸(Lauric acid)，並配合填充床生物反應器分別在有溶劑與無溶劑系統中進行酯化反應，合成月桂酸己酯，並利用反應曲面法(Response Surface Methodology, RSM)及三階層三變數部分因子實驗設計法(Fractional factorial Design)分別探討反應溫度、基質莫耳數比及反應流速等反應參數對莫耳轉換率及生產速率之影響，以求得月桂酸己酯之最優化合成條件。

Hexyl esters, a medium-chain ester, with a fruity flavor are primarily used in personal care formulations as an important emollient for cosmetic applications. Packed bed reactors, are the most frequently used reactors for immobilized lipases. They are best used continuously on a commercial scale so as to minimize labor and overhead costs. Enzymatic synthesis with a continuous packed bed reactor can either satisfy consumers’ need for “natural quality” or lower production cost on industrial applications.
The ability of lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (Lipase IM77) to catalyze the direct-esterification of 1-hexanol and lauric acid in organic solvent or in the absence of organic solvent by utilizing the packed bed reactor was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) and 3-level-3-factor fractional factorial design were employed to evaluate the effects of synthesis parameters, such as reaction temperature, mixture flow rate and substrate molar ratio (1-hexanol to lauric acid) on molar conversion (%) and production rate (μmol/min) of hexyl laurate by direct-esterification. The results showed that hexyl laurate was successfully synthesized by the continuous packed bed reactor.

封面內頁
簽名頁
授權書 iii
中文摘要 iv
英文摘要 v
誌謝 vi
目錄 vii
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xii

第一章 緒論 1
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 化妝品簡介 4
2.1.1 護膚製品概況 4
2.1.2 柔膚劑於化妝品上的應用 5
2.2 酵素之重要性 6
2.2.1 使用酵素之優點 8
2.2.2 固定化酵素的優點 8
2.2.3 酵素在有機溶劑中的催化作用 9
2.2.4 脂解酵素之應用 11
2.2.5 脂解酵素於酯類合成之重要性 12
2.2.6 Lipozyme®IM77簡介 13
2.3 生物反應器簡介 16
2.3.1 生物反應器的種類 16
2.3.2 填充床生物反應器 18
2.4 反應曲面法之應用 20
2.4.1 二水準因子設計 20
2.4.2 反應曲面模式適切性之統計檢驗 21
2.5 國內外相關研究 24
2.5.1 酯類合成相關研究 24
2.5.2 填充床生物反應器相關研究 26
第三章 材料與方法 27
3.1實驗材料 29
3.1.1 藥品 29
3.1.2 儀器設備 29
3.2 實驗設計 30
3.2.1 反應變數範圍之選定 30
3.2.2 酵素之選擇 31
3.2.3 合成方法 32
3.2.4 酵素水含量分析 32
3.2.5 酵素活性分析 33
3.2.6 萃取和分析 33
第四章 結果與討論 41
4.1 連續式催化合成月桂酸己酯(有溶劑) 41
4.1.1 反應溫度對連續式合成月桂酸己酯生產速率的影響(有溶劑) 46
4.1.2 反應流速對連續式合成月桂酸己酯生產速率的影響(有溶劑) 48
4.1.3 基質莫耳比對連續式合成月桂酸己酯生產速率的影響(有溶劑) 50
4.1.4 最優化合成探討(有溶劑) 52
4.2 連續式催化合成月桂酸己酯(無溶劑) 57
4.2.1 反應溫度對連續式合成月桂酸己酯生產速率的影響(無溶劑) 58
4.2.2 反應流速對連續式合成月桂酸己酯生產速率的影響(無溶劑) 60
4.2.3 月桂酸濃度對連續式合成月桂酸己酯生產速率的影響(無溶劑) 60
4.2.4 最優化條件探討(無溶劑) 64
4.3 相關研究之綜合討論 72
4.3.1 溫度對生產速率之影響 72
4.3.2 流速與滯留時間對生產速率之影響 72
4.3.3 溶劑對生產速率之影響 73
第五章 結論 74
參考文獻 76
附錄一 填充床反應器相關研究整理 83
附錄二 酯類合成相關研究整理 85
附錄三 酵素活性測定儀(pH-stat) 86
附錄四 酵素水含量測定儀操作方法(Karl Fischer) 88
附錄五 減壓濃縮機操作方法 90

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