臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

質子交換膜燃料電池的熱管理包括排出電池內部廢熱，避免電池內部呈現熱點而損壞整體燃料電池，保證電池穩定恆溫地運行與提高燃料利用率。而質子交換膜燃料電池組的能量轉換效率在40~60％，因此在運作時，有60~40％的廢熱必須排出，以維持工作溫度恆定。而要製作出高效能燃料電池組，組裝與水熱管理的問題相較於單電池起來便更形複雜與重要。
在燃料電池組熱管理的設計上，目前多以水冷或氣冷循環方式和液體蒸發冷卻來達到散熱目的，但其亦造成冷卻流道的製作成本、氣密問題與電池體積較大的負擔。本研究的新想法為以「高熱傳導石墨膜」材料，應用其高熱傳導率的特性，結合在金屬流道板面上來移除內部廢熱，此應用提供燃料電池熱管理機制另一種選擇。
本研究探討生成水和溫度分佈之關係，主要是因為若陰極過多的生成水會造成水氾濫現象，堵塞氣體的傳輸通道，大幅地降低質傳的極限，造成燃料電池性能下降，若溫度過高則造成質子交換膜乾涸現象。溫度探討部分以熱電偶在預設點做接觸式量測，再配合透明流道觀測生成水分佈，結果顯示，若加入此膜，可有效達到熱移除目的，且總體效能較佳，因此本研究先以單電池為出發點，研究以高熱傳導石墨膜為散熱設計之燃料電池熱管理，以提供後續燃料電池組熱管理設計之最佳化。

Thermal management of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell includes removing waste heat within it in order to avoid non-uniform temperature distribution and utilizing effectively the waste heat. The water and thermal management of a PEMFC stack becomes more complex and important than just a single cell.
In the design of thermal management of a PEMFC stack, the cooling methods include internal water or air circulation and fluid evaporation in present applications. However, there are several subjects to be taken into account, e.g., cost of making cooling channels, sealing and additional volume of the fuel cell stack. In the present study, “high thermal conductivity graphite sheet” is used for cooling in a fuel cell for the first time. It is combined with the metal flow channel plate in the cathode and the graphite sheet protrudes the fuel cell as a fin to remove waste heat.
The relationship of water production and temperature distribution is also studied. If too much water in the diffusive layer of cathode is produced, the flow channel will be flooded, and blocked from conducting the oxidant. On the other hand, if the temperature in a fuel cell is too high, membrane dehydration is occurred, In the study, the thermocouples are used for measuring temperature inside of a single PEMFC. Water production is visualized by a DV. It is shown the PGS can remove waste heat efficiently and improve the performance of the PEMFC. It provides a promising tool for the thermal management of a PEMFC.

目錄
封面內頁
簽名頁
授權書 iii
中文摘要 iv
英文摘要 v
誌謝 vi
目錄 vii
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xi
符號說明 xii

第一章 前言 1
1.1 燃料電池的歷史與簡介 1
1.2 燃料電池類型 3
1.3 質子交換膜燃料電池原理與構造 4
1.4 文獻回顧 10
1.4.1 性能測試實驗文獻 12
1.4.2 理論模式數值分析文獻 15
1.5 研究動機 22
第二章 研究方法 24
2.1 PEMFC之單電池設計 24
2.2 高熱傳導石墨膜簡介 27
2.3 實驗架構 29
2.3.1 操作條件設定與測試步驟 31
2.3.2 生成水分佈觀測機制 32
2.3.3 PEMFC內部溫度分佈量測機制 33
第三章 結果與討論 36
3.1 水、熱生成之實驗結果 36
3.1.1 水生成觀測探討 38
3.1.2 內部溫度量測結果 39
3.1.3 一維熱傳遞量測 41
3.2 燃料電池熱管理量測結果 43
3.2.1 加入高熱傳導石墨膜之電池性能表現與生 成水分佈 44
3.2.2 加入高熱傳導石墨膜之內部溫度分佈 46
3.2.3 加入高熱傳導石墨膜之一維熱傳遞量測 49
第四章 結論 53
參考文獻 54

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