臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在競爭激烈的液晶顯示器（LCD）領域中，各家廠商為求產品具備價格競爭力，對於昂貴生產線的每一分產能皆完全使用，以降低生產成本。然而，依據LCD生產過程中潔淨度的要求，半成品的存取皆需經過清潔的手續並存放在潔淨櫃中，因此現行LCD生產所使用推式（Push）生產方式，會因為在製品數量龐大，造成不良品與系統存貨成本的上升，因而影響生產成本。
本研究根據文獻探討生產系統控制方式，並從中找出三種生產控制方式進行組合，而得六種不同的生產控制組合，以此六種控制組合來控制兩條LCD生產線的生產，並依據在製品數量（WIP）、機台稼動率等績效因子，透過模擬的方式，評比出六種組合的績效優劣。根據模擬結果可以得知，拉式與拉推混合式的生產控制組合，擁有中低水準的WIP數量與稼動率，對於兼顧LCD生產系統中WIP數量機台稼用率，有較佳的表現。

Facing the competitive manufacturing circumstance of LCD industry, an important task for LCD producers is to reduce the production cost and to improve the felixibility of their productions. Most of current production systems in the LCD manufacturing usually use the push production planning and control system to manage LCD manufacturing. Due to characteristics of the push system, it may cause more working-in-processes (WIPs) in the production line than pull system and the production machines may also lead to unconsistant utilization.
This research studies characteristics of several production planning and control systems and their combinations for LCD production system. Six mixed control systems are studied by eM-plant simulation models. System performances are compared and investigated to provide design suggestions.
Simulation results show: (a)if the goal of production system is fewer WIPs, the combination of pull and pull system have the better performance; (b)if the goal is the higher machine utilization, the combination of push and push would be selected;(c)if the goal is fewer WIPs and higher machine utilization, the combination of pull and hybrid production mode system (HPM) would be the best choice. In addition, suggested combinations for different production purposes are also discussed and summarized in the last section of this thesis.

致謝....................................................Ⅰ
中文摘要................................................Ⅱ
英文摘要................................................Ⅲ
目錄....................................................Ⅳ
表目錄..................................................Ⅶ
圖目錄..................................................Ⅸ
第一章、 緒論........................................1
1.1 研究背景與動機..................................1
1.2 研究目的........................................3
1.3 研究流程與架構..................................4
第二章、 文獻探討....................................8
2.1 液晶顯示器發展史................................8
2.2 TFT-LCD薄膜液晶顯示器製程簡介..................10
2.2.1 薄膜電晶體陣列（TFT Array）製程............11
2.2.2 彩色濾光片（Color Filter）製程.............14
2.2.3 液晶面板組裝（LC Cell Assembly）製程.......16
2.2.4 液晶模組組裝（LC Module Assembly）製程.....18
2.3 生產系統控制方式之探討比較......................21
2.3.1 Push和Pull生產系統之差異..................21
2.3.2 Push、Pull和HPM...........................23
2.3.2.1 Push.................................23
2.3.2.2 Pull.................................24
2.3.2.3 HPM..................................25
2.4 本章結論........................................27
第三章、 LCD生產系統模型建...........................28
3.1 LCD生產流程概述與供需概況.......................30
3.1.1 LCD生產流程概述...........................30
3.1.2 LCD供需概述...............................31
3.2 現行LCD生產模式.................................34
3.3 模擬系統的建置..................................35
3.3.1 模擬的定義................................35
3.3.2 模擬軟體eM-Plant......................... 36
3.3.3 建構生產績效驗證模擬模式..................38
3.4 模擬驗證數據設置................................49
3.4.1 機台生產時間設置..........................49
3.4.2 需求波動情境設置..........................50
3.5 系統績效評估....................................52

第四章、 驗證與分....................................53
4.1 模擬資料之取得、換算與模擬執行流程..............53
4.2 模式介紹與生產週期參數之設定....................58
4.3 模擬結果分析與生產模式組合之績效衡量............60
第五章、 結論與後續研究方............................84
5.1 結論............................................84
5.2 後續研究方向....................................85
參考文獻................................................87

陳建男，「產業情境分析與策略發展關係之研究-以TFT-LCD產業為例」，中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文，2003.
陳奕棠，「應用CONWIP於供應鏈系統之模擬研究」，逢甲大學工業工程與系統管理研究所碩士論文，2004.
李輝鈞，「台灣中小尺寸TFT-LCD專業製造廠競爭優勢分析」，清華大學工業工程與工程管理研究所碩士論文，2004.
喬鴻培，「設備代理商原廠技術轉移之研究—以TFT LCD產業為例」，清華大學工業工程與工程管理研究所碩士論文，2004.
張逸輝，「晶圓場模擬模式建立與分析」，成功大學製造工程研究所碩士論文，2004.
張喜坤，「小尺寸LCD生產模式之模擬研究」，逢甲大學工業工程與系統管理研究所碩士論文，2005.
薛富國，「成衣供應鏈預應產銷情境分析」，逢甲大學工業工程與系統管理研究所碩士論文，2005.
林明華、張維新、楊千，「TFT-LCD產業概況」，產業論壇，2001.
「從TFT-LCD競爭中走出-小尺寸面板抬頭」，國際光電產業資訊，http://www.optoelectrocn.com/，2003.
齊若蘭譯（Goldratt著），「目標-簡單而有效的常識管理」，天下文化財經企管系列，1996.
姜林杰祐，「系統模擬 : eM-Plant(SiMPLE++)操作與實務」，華泰出版社，2001.
林則孟，「系統模擬-理論與運用」，滄海書局，2003.
陳泳丞，「台灣的驚嘆號-台日韓TFT世紀之爭」，時報文化，2004.

Silver, E. A. and R. Peterson. “Decision Systems for Inventory Management and Production Planning.”, New York : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1985.
Goldratt, E. M. “Theory of Constraints”, North River Press, 1990.
Fawcett, S. E., and J. N. Pearson. “Understanding and Applying Constraint Management in Today’s Manufacturing Environments”, Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol.32, pp.46-55, 1991.
Schrangenheim, E., and B. Ronen.“Buffer Management: A Diagnostic Tool for Production Control”, Production & Inventory Management Journal, Vol.32, pp.74-79, 1991.
Patterson, M. C.“The Product-mix decision: A Comparison of Theory of Constraints and Labor-based Management Accounting”, Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol.33, No.3, pp.80-85, 1992.
Lockamy, A.“How to Compete in Your Industry”, Production and Inventory Management Journal, Vol.34, No.1, pp.1-5, 1993.
Spencer, M. S., and J. F. Cox. “Optimum production Technology(OPT) and the Theory of Constraints(TOC) :Analysis and Genealogy”, International Journal of Production Research, Vol.33, No.6, pp.1495-1504, 1995.
P.C. Pandey, Porntep Khokhajaikiat. “Performance modeling of multistage production systems operating under hybrid push/pull control”,International Journal of Production Economics , Vol.43, 17-28,1996.
Hirakawa, Y. “Performance of a multistage hybrid push/pull production control system”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol.44, pp129-135, 1996.
Higgins, P., L. R. Patrick, and T. Liam. “Manufacturing Planning and Contro”l, Chapman & Hall, New York, 1996.
Dileep, R.S. “Industrial Scheduling”, Pws Publishing Company, 1997.
Vollmann, T. E., W. L. Berry, and D. G. Whybark. “Manufacturing Planning and Control Systems, 4th ed.”, McGraw Hill Company, 1997.
Silver, E. A., D. F. Pyke, and R. Peterson. “Inventory Management and Production Planning and Scheduling , 3rd ed.”, Wiley Press, 1998.
Stevenson, W. J. “Production/Operations Management, 6th ed.”, McGraw Hill Company, 1999.
Bonney, M.C., Z. Zhang, M.A. Head, C.C. Tien, and R.J. Barson. “Are push and pull systems really so different? ” , International Journal of Production Economics, Vol.59, pp53-64, 1999.
Chen, E. J., Y. M. Lee, and P. L. Selikson. “A simulation study of logistics activities in a chemical plant”, Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, Vol.10, pp235-245, 2002.
Hopp, Wallace J. “Supply Chain Science”, 2003.
Geraghty, J., and C. Heavey. ”A comparison of Hybrid Push/Pull and CONWIP/Pull production inventory control policies”, International Journal of Production Economics,Vol.91, pp75-90, 2004.