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研究生:許有財
研究生(外文):Yu-Tsai Hsu
論文名稱:適用於智慧型運輸系統的電子票券機制
論文名稱(外文):Secure Electronic Ticket Scheme for ITS
指導教授:李維斌李維斌引用關係
指導教授(外文):Wei-Bin Lee
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:逢甲大學
系所名稱:資訊工程所
學門:工程學門
學類:電資工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2006
畢業學年度:94
語文別:中文
論文頁數:22
中文關鍵詞:電子收費系統ITS數位簽章電子票券
外文關鍵詞:Electronic TicketITSDigital SignatureElectronic Toll Collection
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:1
  • 點閱點閱:571
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:131
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:1
近年來各國由於車輛快速成長,高速公路的容量早已不敷使用,拓寬車道或新闢道路的做法無法有效減緩路況惡化的速度。有鑑於此,如何利用先進的通訊及資訊技術,達到在交通上做到更有效率的管理目的,已經成為世界各國改善交通的重要方向。因此,在交通運輸上如何提高運輸的效率已成為一項重要的議題。
2003年Matsuo與Ogata提出一套適用於ITS(Intelligent Transport System)上的ETC(Electronic Toll Collection)電子收費系統機制,其主要目的是解決過去的付款方法中因繁複的通訊步驟與冗長驗證時間所帶來的效率不佳的問題。
然而, 我們發現Matsuo與Ogata的方法因缺少了票券申請者對發行者認證的動作,導致票券申請者無法驗證所取得的票券因子是否有效,以致於票券申請者可能會面臨拿到偽造票券的風險。
此外,於票券回收階段,票券的發行者也沒有作對商家認證的動作,導致攻擊者可以在票券使用階段時先攔截電子票券,並於票券回收階段時假冒商家可先向票券發行者成功取得電子票券之款項。
因此,本論文除了指出Matsuo與Ogata的方法中有被惡意者攻擊的風險外,更進一步提出了我們如何改進的方法,我們不但保留了他們原先提出電子票券方法的優點,也同時避免了我們所指出的兩項安全疑慮,使電子票券更安全的被使用在ITS上。
The amount of vehicles has grown up rapidly in many countries in recent years. The capacity of freeways is very limited. Broadening driveways or building new roads haven’t effectively prevented the traffic from worsening. How to use advanced technology to make the efficiency of communications and transportation has become an important policy for many countries. Especially, how to use the Electronic Toll Collection, ETC to enhance the transportation efficiency on traffic has become an essential issue.
In 2003, Matsuo and Ogata proposed a scheme of ETC which was suitable for Intelligent Transport System, ITS. The purpose was to solve the inefficiency caused by complicated communication steps and long verification of payments in the past.
But, we found the security flaws in their scheme. That is the ticket user can not verify if the ticket seed is valid or not. It was occurred by this method without the authentication from user to issuer. It caused the risk of user to get the forge ticket seed.
Specially, at the period when refluxing the tickets, the ticket issuer do not have to verification identification on the shops, which causes attackers could to intercept the tickets, and acted be the legal shops to get the money successfully.
Therefore, in this paper we point out the risk to be attack on Matsuo and Ogata’s method, and we also proposed how an improvement method. We not only to keep the original advantages of Matsuo and Ogata’s method but also avoid those two security concerns we brought up to strengthen and improve the security of the use of electronic ticket on ITS.
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 iv
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2電子票券的回顧 3
1.3目的 4
1.4論文架構 5
第二章 Matsuo與Ogata的電子票券方法 6
2.1符號定義 7
2.2票券發行階段 7
2.3票券處理階段 8
2.4票券回收階段 9
第三章Matsuo and Ogata方法的安全分析 11
3.1票券發行階段的安全分析 11
3.2票券回收階段的安全分析 12
第四章 我們的改進方法 14
4.1對發行階段安全的改進 14
4.2對回收階段安全的改進 15
第五章 安全性分析 17
5.1對發行階段的安全分析 17
5.2對回收階段的安全分析 18
第六章 結論 19
參考文獻 20
致謝 22
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[7] S. Matsuo and W. Ogata,“Electronic Ticket Scheme for ITS,”IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, Vol. E86-A, No. 1, pp. 142-150, January 2003.
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[10] T.S.K. Reddy, H. Mohanty, R.K. Ghosh, S. Madria,“Two Distributed Algorithms for E-ticket Validation protocols for Mobile Clients,”In Proceedings of 2003 IEEE Conference on Electronic Commerce (CEC''03), California, pp. 223-230, June 2003.
[11] R. Rivest and A. Shamir,“PayWord and MicroMint:Two simple micropayment schemes,” Proceedings of the 4th Security Protocols International Workshop (Security Protocols), Berlin, Vol. 1189, pp. 69–87, 1996.
[12] T. Sander and A. Ta-Shma,“Auditable, anonymous electronic cash,” Advances in Cryptography -CRYPTO’99, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 1666, pp. 555–572, 1999.
[13] D.N. Serpanos, R.J. Lipton,“Defense against man-in-the-middle attack in client-server systems, ” Proceedings of Sixth IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications, 2001, pp. 9 – 14, July 2001.
[14] W.Y. Shieh, W.H. Lee, S.L. Tung, and C.D. Ho,“A Novel Architecture for Multilane-Free-Flow Electronic-Toll-Collection Systems in the Millimeter-Wave Range,”IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 294-301, September 2005.
[15] Z. Zeli, M. Huadong,“Modeling and verification of a simple network payment protocol,” Proceedings of International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 2003, Vol. 2, pp. 1670 – 1673, April 2003.
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